public static List <DataPoint> TopK(WeightVector w, List <DataPoint> points, int rank)
{
List <DataPoint> buffer = points;
buffer.Sort((x, y) => f(x, w).CompareTo(f(y, w)));
return(buffer.GetRange(0, rank));
}
public decimal CalculateNormalizedScore(SawNormalizationMethod method, WeightVector weightVector, decimal[] rowValues, decimal[] minVector, decimal[] maxVector)
{
var score = 0.0m;
for (int i = 0; i < NumberOfColumns; i++)
{
if (method == SawNormalizationMethod.LinearFirstType)
{
var isProfit = DecisionCriterias.First(x => x.Position == i).IsProfit;
var weight = weightVector.GetValue(i);
if (isProfit)
{
var denom = (maxVector[i] - minVector[i]);
score += denom != 0 ? (((rowValues[i] - minVector[i]) / denom) * weight) : 0;
}
else
{
var denom = (maxVector[i] - minVector[i]);
score += denom != 0 ? ((1 - ((rowValues[i] - minVector[i])) / denom) * weight) : 0;
}
}
else
{
return(0.0m);
}
}
return(score);
}
// Classic Expectimax search
public Move ExpectimaxAlgorithm(State state, int depth, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove;
if (depth == 0 || state.IsGameOver())
{
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return bestMove;
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return bestMove;
}
else throw new Exception();
}
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER) // AI's turn
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove();
double highestScore = Double.MinValue, currentScore = Double.MinValue;
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
currentScore = ExpectimaxAlgorithm(resultingState, depth - 1, weights).Score;
if (currentScore > highestScore)
{
highestScore = currentScore;
bestMove = move;
}
}
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return bestMove;
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER) // computer's turn (the random event node)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove();
// return the weighted average of all the child nodes's scores
double average = 0;
List<Cell> availableCells = state.GetAvailableCells();
List<Move> moves = state.GetAllComputerMoves(availableCells);
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
average += StateProbability(((ComputerMove)move).Tile) * ExpectimaxAlgorithm(resultingState, depth - 1, weights).Score;
}
bestMove.Score = average / moves.Count;
return bestMove;
}
else throw new Exception();
}
public MBRModel <WeightVector> getRoot()
{
//getTree();
//get root after add to tree
RTree.Rectangle bounds = tree.getBounds();
WeightVector upperRight = new WeightVector(bounds.get(0).GetValueOrDefault().max, bounds.get(1).GetValueOrDefault().max);
WeightVector lowerLeft = new WeightVector(bounds.get(0).GetValueOrDefault().min, bounds.get(1).GetValueOrDefault().min);
//retrun root
return(new MBRModel <WeightVector>(lowerLeft, upperRight));
}
/// <summary>
/// Maps this datum's categories to weights.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>IWeights.</returns>
public IWeights MapToWeights()
{
var weights = new[]
{
_color.R / 255.0,
_color.G / 255.0,
_color.B / 255.0
};
var vector = new WeightVector(weights);
return(vector);
}
public double max(List <DataPoint> list, WeightVector w)
{
double Max = Double.MinValue;
if (w == null)
{
return(Max);
}
foreach (var item in list)
{
double temp = f(item, w);
if (temp > Max)
{
Max = temp;
}
}
return(Max);
}
// Recursive part of iterative deepening Expectimax
private Tuple<Move, Boolean> IterativeDeepeningExpectimax(State state, int depth, double timeLimit, Stopwatch timer, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove;
if (depth == 0 || state.IsGameOver())
{
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else throw new Exception();
}
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER) // AI's turn
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove();
double highestScore = Double.MinValue, currentScore = Double.MinValue;
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
currentScore = IterativeDeepeningExpectimax(resultingState, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
if (currentScore > highestScore)
{
highestScore = currentScore;
bestMove = move;
}
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
}
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER) // computer's turn (the random event node)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove();
// return the weighted average of all the child nodes's scores
double average = 0;
List<Cell> availableCells = state.GetAvailableCells();
List<Move> moves = state.GetAllComputerMoves(availableCells);
int moveCheckedSoFar = 0;
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
average += StateProbability(((ComputerMove)move).Tile) * IterativeDeepeningExpectimax(resultingState, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
moveCheckedSoFar++;
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = average / moveCheckedSoFar;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
}
bestMove.Score = average / moves.Count;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else throw new Exception();
}
// Runs a parallel expectimax search to speed up search
// A search is started in a separate thread for each child of the given root node
// This method should only be called for the the root, where depth will always
// be > 0 and player will always be GameEngine.PLAYER - the recursion is started
// for the children of the root using standard Expectimax algorithm
private Move ParallelExpectimax(State state, int depth, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove = new PlayerMove();
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
ConcurrentBag<Tuple<double, Move>> scores = new ConcurrentBag<Tuple<double, Move>>();
if (moves.Count == 0)
{
// game over
return bestMove;
}
// create the resulting states before starting the threads
List<State> resultingStates = new List<State>();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
resultingStates.Add(resultingState);
}
// start a thread for each child
Parallel.ForEach(resultingStates, resultingState =>
{
double score = ExpectimaxAlgorithm(resultingState, depth - 1, weights).Score;
scores.Add(new Tuple<double, Move>(score, resultingState.GeneratingMove));
});
// find the best score
double highestScore = Double.MinValue;
foreach (Tuple<double, Move> score in scores)
{
PlayerMove move = (PlayerMove)score.Item2;
if (score.Item1 > highestScore)
{
highestScore = score.Item1;
bestMove = score.Item2;
}
}
return bestMove;
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Iterative Deepening Expectimax-Star1 with Transposition Table and Move Ordering
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Runs an entire game using iterative deepening expectimax with star1 pruning,
// transposition table and move ordering to decide on moves
public State RunTTStar1(bool print, int timeLimit, WeightVector weights)
{
transposition_table = new ConcurrentDictionary<long, TableRow>();
InitializeZobristTable();
while (true)
{
// update state
currentState = new State(BoardHelper.CloneBoard(gameEngine.board), scoreController.getScore(), GameEngine.PLAYER);
if (print)
{
Program.PrintState(currentState);
}
// run algorithm and send action choice to game engine
Move move = TTStar1(currentState, timeLimit, weights);
if (((PlayerMove)move).Direction == (DIRECTION)(-1))
{
// game over
return currentState;
}
gameEngine.SendUserAction((PlayerMove)move);
}
}
// Runs the iterative deepening part of ^^
public Move TTStar1(State state, double timeLimit, WeightVector weights)
{
long zob_hash = GetHash(state);
int depth = 1;
Stopwatch timer = new Stopwatch();
Move bestMove = null;
// start the search
timer.Start();
while (true)
{
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
if (bestMove == null) // workaround to overcome problem with timer running out too fast with low limits
{
timeLimit += 10;
timer.Restart();
}
else break;
}
Tuple<Move, Boolean> result = RecursiveTTStar1(state, Double.MinValue, Double.MaxValue, depth, timeLimit, timer, weights);
if (result.Item2)
{
bestMove = result.Item1; // only update bestMove if full recursion
}
depth++;
}
timer.Stop();
TableRow row = new TableRow((short)depth, ((PlayerMove)bestMove).Direction, bestMove.Score);
transposition_table.AddOrUpdate(zob_hash, row, (key, oldValue) => row);
return bestMove;
}
// Recursive part of iterative deepening Expectimax with transposition table
private Tuple<Move, Boolean> RecursiveTTExpectimax(State state, int depth, double timeLimit, Stopwatch timer, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove;
if (depth == 0 || state.IsGameOver())
{
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else throw new Exception();
}
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER) // AI's turn
{
// transposition table look-up
long zob_hash = GetHash(state);
if (transposition_table.ContainsKey(zob_hash) && transposition_table[zob_hash].depth > depth)
{
Move move = new PlayerMove(transposition_table[zob_hash].direction);
move.Score = transposition_table[zob_hash].value;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(move, true);
}
bestMove = new PlayerMove();
double highestScore = Double.MinValue, currentScore = Double.MinValue;
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
currentScore = RecursiveTTExpectimax(resultingState, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
if (currentScore > highestScore)
{
highestScore = currentScore;
bestMove = move;
}
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
}
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
// add result to transposition table
TableRow row = new TableRow((short)depth, ((PlayerMove)bestMove).Direction, bestMove.Score);
transposition_table.AddOrUpdate(zob_hash, row, (key, oldValue) => row);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER) // computer's turn (the random event node)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove();
// return the weighted average of all the child nodes's scores
double average = 0;
List<Cell> availableCells = state.GetAvailableCells();
List<Move> moves = state.GetAllComputerMoves(availableCells);
int moveCheckedSoFar = 0;
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
average += StateProbability(((ComputerMove)move).Tile) * RecursiveTTExpectimax(resultingState, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
moveCheckedSoFar++;
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = average / moveCheckedSoFar;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
}
bestMove.Score = average / moves.Count;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else throw new Exception();
}
public static double f(DataPoint q, WeightVector w)
{
return(q.star.Value * w.star.Value + q.rating.Value + w.rating.Value);
}
// Evaluation function
public static double EvaluateWithWeights(State state, WeightVector weights)
{
if (state.IsGameOver()) return GetLowerBound(weights) - 10;
else
{
double corner = 0, emptycells = 0, highestvalue = 0, monotonicity = 0, points = 0, smoothness = 0, snake = 0, trappedpenalty = 0;
// Only do the heuristic calculation if the weight is not 0 (avoid unnescessary work)
if(((WeightVectorAll)weights).Corner != 0) corner = Corner(state);
if(((WeightVectorAll)weights).Empty_cells != 0) emptycells = EmptyCells(state);
if(((WeightVectorAll)weights).Highest_tile != 0) highestvalue = HighestValue(state);
if(((WeightVectorAll)weights).Monotonicity != 0) monotonicity = Monotonicity(state);
if(((WeightVectorAll)weights).Points != 0) points = Points(state);
if(((WeightVectorAll)weights).Smoothness != 0) smoothness = Smoothness(state);
if(((WeightVectorAll)weights).Snake != 0) snake = WeightSnake(state);
if(((WeightVectorAll)weights).Trapped_penalty != 0) trappedpenalty = TrappedPenalty(state);
// evaluation function is a linear combination of heuristic values and their weights
double eval = ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Corner * corner + ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Empty_cells * emptycells + ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Highest_tile * highestvalue
+ ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Monotonicity * monotonicity + ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Points * points + ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Smoothness * smoothness
+ ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Snake * snake - ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Trapped_penalty * trappedpenalty;
if (state.IsWin())
{
return eval + 10;
}
else return eval;
}
}
// Recursive part of iterative deepening Expectimax with star 1 pruning
private Tuple<Move, Boolean> RecursiveIterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1(State state, double alpha, double beta, int depth,
int timeLimit, Stopwatch timer, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove;
if (depth == 0 || state.IsGameOver())
{
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true); ;
}
else throw new Exception();
}
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove();
double highestScore = Double.MinValue, currentScore = Double.MinValue;
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
currentScore = RecursiveIterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1(resultingState, alpha, beta, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
if (currentScore > highestScore)
{
highestScore = currentScore;
bestMove = move;
}
alpha = Math.Max(alpha, highestScore);
if (beta <= alpha)
{ // beta cut-off
break;
}
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
}
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER) // computer's turn (the random event node)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove();
List<Cell> availableCells = state.GetAvailableCells();
List<Move> moves = state.GetAllComputerMoves(availableCells);
int numSuccessors = moves.Count;
double upperBound = AI.GetUpperBound(weights);
double lowerBound = AI.GetLowerBound(weights);
double curAlpha = numSuccessors * (alpha - upperBound) + upperBound;
double curBeta = numSuccessors * (beta - lowerBound) + lowerBound;
double scoreSum = 0;
int i = 1;
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
double sucAlpha = Math.Max(curAlpha, lowerBound);
double sucBeta = Math.Min(curBeta, upperBound);
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
double score = StateProbability(((ComputerMove)move).Tile) *
RecursiveIterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1(resultingState, sucAlpha, sucBeta, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
scoreSum += score;
if (score <= curAlpha)
{
scoreSum += upperBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true); // pruning
}
if (score >= curBeta)
{
scoreSum += lowerBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true); // pruning
}
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / i;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
curAlpha += upperBound - score;
curBeta += lowerBound - score;
i++;
}
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else throw new Exception();
}
// Expectimax with Star2 pruning
// NB: DO NOT USE - way too slow
private Move Star2Expectimax(State state, double alpha, double beta, int depth, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove;
if (depth == 0 || state.IsGameOver())
{
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.Evaluate(state);
return bestMove;
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.Evaluate(state);
return bestMove;
}
else throw new Exception();
}
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove();
double highestScore = Double.MinValue, currentScore = Double.MinValue;
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
currentScore = Star2Expectimax(resultingState, alpha, beta, depth - 1, weights).Score;
if (currentScore > highestScore)
{
highestScore = currentScore;
bestMove = move;
}
alpha = Math.Max(alpha, highestScore);
if (beta <= alpha)
{ // beta cut-off
break;
}
}
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return bestMove;
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER) // computer's turn (the random event node)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove();
List<Cell> availableCells = state.GetAvailableCells();
List<Move> moves = state.GetAllComputerMoves(availableCells);
int numSuccessors = moves.Count;
double upperBound = AI.GetUpperBound(weights);
double lowerBound = AI.GetLowerBound(weights);
double curAlpha = numSuccessors * (alpha - upperBound);
double curBeta = numSuccessors * (beta - lowerBound);
double sucAlpha = Math.Max(curAlpha, lowerBound);
double[] probeValues = new double[numSuccessors];
// probing phase
double vsum = 0;
int i = 1;
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
curBeta += lowerBound;
double sucBeta = Math.Min(curBeta, upperBound);
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
probeValues[i - 1] = Probe(resultingState, sucAlpha, sucBeta, depth - 1, weights);
vsum += probeValues[i - 1];
if (probeValues[i - 1] >= curBeta)
{
vsum += lowerBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = vsum / numSuccessors;
return bestMove; // pruning
}
curBeta -= probeValues[i - 1];
i++;
}
// search phase
vsum = 0;
i = 1;
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
curAlpha += upperBound;
curBeta += probeValues[i - 1];
sucAlpha = Math.Max(curAlpha, lowerBound);
double sucBeta = Math.Min(curBeta, upperBound);
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
double score = StateProbability(((ComputerMove)move).Tile) * Star2Expectimax(resultingState, sucAlpha, sucBeta, depth - 1, weights).Score;
vsum += score;
if (score <= curAlpha)
{
vsum += upperBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = vsum / numSuccessors;
return bestMove; // pruning
}
if (score >= curBeta)
{
vsum += lowerBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = vsum / numSuccessors;
return bestMove; // pruning
}
curAlpha -= score;
curBeta -= score;
i++;
}
bestMove.Score = vsum / numSuccessors;
return bestMove;
}
else
{
throw new Exception();
}
}
public async Task <IList <PlanElementCandidate> > GetCandidates(Plan plan, WeightVector weightVector)
{
var test = true;
var candidates = new List <PlanElementCandidate>();
PlanElementType[] planElementTypes = new PlanElementType[]
{
PlanElementType.Entertainment,
PlanElementType.Relax,
PlanElementType.Activity,
PlanElementType.Culture,
PlanElementType.Sightseeing,
PlanElementType.Partying,
PlanElementType.Shopping,
};
foreach (var planElementType in planElementTypes)
{
var googlePlaceTypes = GooglePlaceTypes.Table.Where(x => x.PlanElementType == planElementType).ToList();
foreach (var type in googlePlaceTypes)
{
var nearbySearchInput = _googlePlaceNearbySearchInputFactory.Create(plan.StartLocation, (int)MaximumDistanceToAccomodation, type);
var nearbyResults = await _googlePlaceNearbySearchApiClient.GetAsync(nearbySearchInput);
int counter = 1;
foreach (var nr in nearbyResults.results)
{
var details = await _googlePlaceDetailsApiClient.GetAsync(_googlePlaceDetailsInputFactory.CreateAllUseful(nr.place_id));
if (details.IsOk)
{
var candidate = new PlanElementCandidate(details.Result.name, details.Result.place_id, details.Result.formatted_address, details.Result.geometry.location, details.Result.opening_hours, details.Result.types, details.Result.rating, details.Result.price_level, details.Result.user_ratings_total);
if (!candidates.Any(x => x.PlaceId == candidate.PlaceId))
{
candidates.Add(candidate);
}
}
++counter;
}
if (test && candidates.Count > 15)
{
return(candidates);
}
WeightVectorLabel weightVectorLabel = WeightVector.TranslateLabel(planElementType);
if ((plan.PlanForm.IsOverOneWeek || weightVector.GetLabelValue(weightVectorLabel) >= 0.1m) && nearbyResults.IsMoreResults)
{
var nearbyResults2 = await _googlePlaceNearbySearchApiClient.GetNextPageTokenAsync(nearbyResults.next_page_token);
foreach (var nr in nearbyResults2.results)
{
var details = await _googlePlaceDetailsApiClient.GetAsync(_googlePlaceDetailsInputFactory.CreateAllUseful(nr.place_id));
if (details.IsOk)
{
var candidate = new PlanElementCandidate(details.Result.name, details.Result.place_id, details.Result.formatted_address, details.Result.geometry.location, details.Result.opening_hours, details.Result.types, details.Result.rating, details.Result.price_level, details.Result.user_ratings_total);
if (!candidates.Any(x => x.PlaceId == candidate.PlaceId))
{
candidates.Add(candidate);
}
}
++counter;
}
}
if (test && candidates.Count > 15)
{
return(candidates);
}
}
if (test && candidates.Count > 15)
{
break;
}
}
if (candidates.Count == 0)
{
throw new UserFriendlyException($"Nie znaleziono żadnych potencjalnych kandydatów na elementy planu");
}
return(candidates);
}
// Expectimax search with Star1 pruning and forward pruning
private Move Star1WithUnlikelyPruning(State state, double alpha, double beta, int depth, int lastSpawn, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove;
if (depth == 0 || state.IsGameOver())
{
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return bestMove;
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return bestMove;
}
else throw new Exception();
}
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove();
double highestScore = Double.MinValue, currentScore = Double.MinValue;
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
currentScore = Star1WithUnlikelyPruning(resultingState, alpha, beta, depth - 1, lastSpawn, weights).Score;
if (currentScore > highestScore)
{
highestScore = currentScore;
bestMove = move;
}
alpha = Math.Max(alpha, highestScore);
if (beta <= alpha)
{ // beta cut-off
break;
}
}
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return bestMove;
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER) // computer's turn (the random event node)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove();
List<Cell> availableCells = state.GetAvailableCells();
List<Move> moves = state.GetAllComputerMoves(availableCells);
int numSuccessors = moves.Count;
double upperBound = AI.GetUpperBound(weights);
double lowerBound = AI.GetLowerBound(weights);
double curAlpha = numSuccessors * (alpha - upperBound) + upperBound;
double curBeta = numSuccessors * (beta - lowerBound) + lowerBound;
double scoreSum = 0;
int i = 1;
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
int value = ((ComputerMove)move).Tile;
if (value == 4 && lastSpawn == 4) continue; // unlikely event pruning (2 4-spawns in sequence only has 1% chance)
double sucAlpha = Math.Max(curAlpha, lowerBound);
double sucBeta = Math.Min(curBeta, upperBound);
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
double score = StateProbability(((ComputerMove)move).Tile) * Star1WithUnlikelyPruning(resultingState, sucAlpha, sucBeta, depth - 1, value, weights).Score;
scoreSum += score;
if (score <= curAlpha)
{
scoreSum += upperBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return bestMove; // pruning
}
if (score >= curBeta)
{
scoreSum += lowerBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return bestMove; // pruning
}
curAlpha += upperBound - score;
curBeta += lowerBound - score;
i++;
}
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return bestMove;
}
else throw new Exception();
}
// Recursive part of ^^ iterative deepening Expectimax with Star1, move ordering and transposition table
private Tuple<Move, Boolean> RecursiveTTStar1(State state, double alpha, double beta, int depth, double timeLimit, Stopwatch timer, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove;
if (depth == 0 || state.IsGameOver())
{
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER)
{
bestMove = new PlayerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove(); // dummy action, as there will be no valid move
bestMove.Score = AI.EvaluateWithWeights(state, weights);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else throw new Exception();
}
if (state.Player == GameEngine.PLAYER) // AI's turn
{
DIRECTION bestDirection = (DIRECTION)(-1);
bestMove = new PlayerMove();
double highestScore = Double.MinValue, currentScore = Double.MinValue;
// transposition table look-up
long zob_hash = GetHash(state);
if (transposition_table.ContainsKey(zob_hash) && transposition_table[zob_hash].depth > depth)
{
Move move = new PlayerMove(transposition_table[zob_hash].direction);
move.Score = transposition_table[zob_hash].value;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(move, true);
}
// move ordering - make sure we first check the move we believe to be best based on earlier searches
else if (transposition_table.ContainsKey(zob_hash))
{
bestDirection = transposition_table[zob_hash].direction;
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(new PlayerMove(bestDirection));
currentScore = RecursiveTTStar1(resultingState, alpha, beta, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
if (currentScore > highestScore)
{
highestScore = currentScore;
bestMove = new PlayerMove(bestDirection);
}
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
}
// now check the rest of moves
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
if (((PlayerMove)move).Direction != bestDirection)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
currentScore = RecursiveTTStar1(resultingState, alpha, beta, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
if (currentScore > highestScore)
{
highestScore = currentScore;
bestMove = move;
}
alpha = Math.Max(alpha, highestScore);
if (beta <= alpha)
{ // beta cut-off
break;
}
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
}
}
bestMove.Score = highestScore;
// add result to transposition table
TableRow row = new TableRow((short)depth, ((PlayerMove)bestMove).Direction, bestMove.Score);
transposition_table.AddOrUpdate(zob_hash, row, (key, oldValue) => row);
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, true);
}
else if (state.Player == GameEngine.COMPUTER) // computer's turn (the random event node)
{
bestMove = new ComputerMove();
int moveCheckedSoFar = 0;
List<Cell> availableCells = state.GetAvailableCells();
List<Move> moves = state.GetAllComputerMoves(availableCells);
int numSuccessors = moves.Count;
double upperBound = AI.GetUpperBound(weights);
double lowerBound = AI.GetLowerBound(weights);
double curAlpha = numSuccessors * (alpha - upperBound) + upperBound;
double curBeta = numSuccessors * (beta - lowerBound) + lowerBound;
double scoreSum = 0;
int i = 1;
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
double sucAlpha = Math.Max(curAlpha, lowerBound);
double sucBeta = Math.Min(curBeta, upperBound);
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
double score = StateProbability(((ComputerMove)move).Tile) * RecursiveTTStar1(resultingState, sucAlpha, sucBeta, depth - 1, timeLimit, timer, weights).Item1.Score;
scoreSum += score;
moveCheckedSoFar++;
if (score <= curAlpha)
{
scoreSum += upperBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return new Tuple<Move,bool>(bestMove, true); // pruning
}
if (score >= curBeta)
{
scoreSum += lowerBound * (numSuccessors - i);
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return new Tuple<Move, bool>(bestMove, true); // pruning
}
if (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds > timeLimit)
{
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / moveCheckedSoFar;
return new Tuple<Move, Boolean>(bestMove, false); // recursion not completed, return false
}
curAlpha += upperBound - score;
curBeta += lowerBound - score;
i++;
}
bestMove.Score = scoreSum / numSuccessors;
return new Tuple<Move, bool>(bestMove, true);
}
else throw new Exception();
}
// Iterative Deepening Expectimax search with star1 and forward pruning
public Move IterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1andForwardPruning(State state, double alpha, double beta, int lastSpawn, int timeLimit, WeightVector weights)
{
int depth = 1;
Stopwatch timer = new Stopwatch();
Move bestMove = null;
// start the search
timer.Start();
while (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds < timeLimit)
{
Tuple<Move, Boolean> result = RecursiveIterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1andForwardPruning(state,alpha, beta, depth, lastSpawn, timeLimit, timer, weights);
if (result.Item2) bestMove = result.Item1; // only update bestMove if full recursion
depth++;
}
Console.WriteLine(depth);
return bestMove;
}
// Runs a parallel version of iterative deepening
// A search is started in a separate thread for each child of root node
private Move ParallelIterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1andForwardPruning(State state, double alpha, double beta, int lastSpawn, int timeLimit, WeightVector weights)
{
Move bestMove = new PlayerMove();
List<Move> moves = state.GetMoves();
ConcurrentBag<Tuple<double, Move>> scores = new ConcurrentBag<Tuple<double, Move>>();
if (moves.Count == 0)
{
// game over
return bestMove;
}
// create the resulting states before starting the threads
List<State> resultingStates = new List<State>();
foreach (Move move in moves)
{
State resultingState = state.ApplyMove(move);
resultingStates.Add(resultingState);
}
Parallel.ForEach(resultingStates, resultingState =>
{
double score = IterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1andForwardPruning(resultingState, alpha, beta, lastSpawn, timeLimit, weights).Score;
scores.Add(new Tuple<double, Move>(score, resultingState.GeneratingMove));
});
// find the best score
double highestScore = Double.MinValue;
foreach (Tuple<double, Move> score in scores)
{
PlayerMove move = (PlayerMove)score.Item2;
if (score.Item1 > highestScore)
{
highestScore = score.Item1;
bestMove = score.Item2;
}
}
return bestMove;
}
public bool contains(WeightVector e, MBRModel <WeightVector> MBR)
{
return(e.star >= MBR.lowerLeft.star && e.star <= MBR.upperRight.star && e.rating >= MBR.lowerLeft.rating && e.rating <= MBR.upperRight.rating);
}
// Star2 probing
private double Probe(State state, double alpha, double beta, int depth, WeightVector weights)
{
if (depth == 0 || state.IsGameOver())
{
return AI.Evaluate(state);
}
else
{
State choice = PickSuccessor(state);
return Star2Expectimax(choice, alpha, beta, depth - 1, weights).Score;
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// FINAL COMBINATION OF ALL IMPROVEMENTS WITH TRANSPOSITION TABLE AND NO PARALLELIZATION
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//
public State RunTTIterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1andForwardPruning(bool print, int timeLimit, WeightVector weights)
{
int lastSpawn = 0; // dont consider last spawn values at first move
transposition_table = new ConcurrentDictionary<long, TableRow>();
InitializeZobristTable();
while (true)
{
// update state
currentState = new State(BoardHelper.CloneBoard(gameEngine.board), scoreController.getScore(), GameEngine.PLAYER);
if (print)
{
Program.PrintState(currentState);
}
// run algorithm and send action choice to game engine
Move move = TTIterativeDeepeningExpectimaxWithStar1andForwardPruning(currentState, Double.MinValue, Double.MaxValue, lastSpawn, timeLimit, weights);
if (((PlayerMove)move).Direction == (DIRECTION)(-1))
{
// game over
return currentState;
}
lastSpawn = gameEngine.SendUserAction((PlayerMove)move);
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Parallel Iterative Deepening Expectimax Search
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Runs an entire game using parallelized iterative deepening expectimax search
// to decide on moves
public State RunParallelIterativeDeepeningExpectimax(bool print, int timeLimit, WeightVector weights)
{
while (true)
{
// update state
currentState = new State(BoardHelper.CloneBoard(gameEngine.board), scoreController.getScore(), GameEngine.PLAYER);
if (print)
{
Program.PrintState(currentState);
}
// run algorithm and send action choice to game engine
Move move = ParallelIterativeDeepeningExpectimax(currentState, timeLimit, weights);
if (((PlayerMove)move).Direction == (DIRECTION)(-1))
{
// game over
return currentState;
}
gameEngine.SendUserAction((PlayerMove)move);
}
}
// Iterative Deepening Expectimax search
public Move IterativeDeepening(State state, double timeLimit, WeightVector weights)
{
int depth = 0;
Stopwatch timer = new Stopwatch();
Move bestMove = null;
// start the search
timer.Start();
while (timer.ElapsedMilliseconds < timeLimit)
{
Tuple<Move, Boolean> result = IterativeDeepeningExpectimax(state, depth, timeLimit, timer, weights);
if (result.Item2) bestMove = result.Item1; // only update bestMove if full recursion
depth++;
}
return bestMove;
}
//0. Price //1. Rating //2. Distance //3. Popularity
//4.Entertainment //5. Relax //6. Activity //7. Culture //8. Sightseeing //9. Partying //10. Shopping
public WeightVector Generate(PlanForm planForm)
{
var weightVector = new WeightVector();
//-----------Dajemy na typy elementów planu 0.5m---------------
var allPreferedStep = Math.Round(0.3m / (planForm.PreferedPlanElements.Count()), 2);//max 0.3/14
decimal totalSecondCategory = 0.5m;
//PreferedPlanElements moze mieć po maks. 2 elementy nalezace do typów od 4 do 10 -> licz.el * allPreferedStep
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Entertainment, allPreferedStep * planForm.PreferedPlanElements.Count(x => x == PlanElementType.Entertainment));
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Sightseeing, allPreferedStep * planForm.PreferedPlanElements.Count(x => x == PlanElementType.Sightseeing));
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Activity, allPreferedStep * planForm.PreferedPlanElements.Count(x => x == PlanElementType.Activity));
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Culture, allPreferedStep * planForm.PreferedPlanElements.Count(x => x == PlanElementType.Culture));
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Relax, allPreferedStep * planForm.PreferedPlanElements.Count(x => x == PlanElementType.Relax));
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Partying, allPreferedStep * planForm.PreferedPlanElements.Count(x => x == PlanElementType.Partying));
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Shopping, allPreferedStep * planForm.PreferedPlanElements.Count(x => x == PlanElementType.Shopping));
var allSortedStep = Math.Round((totalSecondCategory - weightVector.GetTotalSum()) / 9, 2);
var remainingRest = (totalSecondCategory - weightVector.GetTotalSum()) - 9 * allSortedStep;
//SortedPlanElements - punkty za miejsca : 3,2,2,1,1,0,0
for (int i = 0; i < planForm.SortedPlanElements.Count; i++)
{
decimal bonus = 0;
switch (i)
{
case 0:
bonus = allSortedStep * 3 + remainingRest;
break;
case 1:
case 2:
bonus = allSortedStep * 2;
break;
case 3:
case 4:
bonus = allSortedStep * 1;
break;
default:
break;
}
if (planForm.SortedPlanElements[i] == PlanElementType.Entertainment)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Entertainment, bonus);
}
else if (planForm.SortedPlanElements[i] == PlanElementType.Sightseeing)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Sightseeing, bonus);
}
else if (planForm.SortedPlanElements[i] == PlanElementType.Activity)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Activity, bonus);
}
else if (planForm.SortedPlanElements[i] == PlanElementType.Culture)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Culture, bonus);
}
else if (planForm.SortedPlanElements[i] == PlanElementType.Relax)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Relax, bonus);
}
else if (planForm.SortedPlanElements[i] == PlanElementType.Partying)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Partying, bonus);
}
else if (planForm.SortedPlanElements[i] == PlanElementType.Shopping)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Shopping, bonus);
}
}
//-----------Dajemy na te 0.5---------------
decimal totalFirstCategory = 0.5m;
weightVector.SetPriority(WeightVectorLabel.Rating, 0.2m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.2m;
var partsToDivide = 1;
//Price
if (planForm.PricePreference == PricePreference.Cheapest)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Price, 0.1m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.1m;
partsToDivide += 2;
}
else if (planForm.PricePreference == PricePreference.MediumPrices)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Price, 0.05m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.05m;
partsToDivide += 1;
}
//Popularity
if (planForm.AtractionPopularityPreference == AtractionPopularityPreference.MostPopular)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Popularity, 0.1m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.1m;
partsToDivide += 2;
}
else if (planForm.AtractionPopularityPreference == AtractionPopularityPreference.MixedPopular)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Popularity, 0.05m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.05m;
partsToDivide += 1;
}
else if (planForm.AtractionPopularityPreference == AtractionPopularityPreference.NotWellKnown)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Popularity, 0m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.00m;
}
//Distance - im blizej tym bardziej wazne
if (planForm.DistanceTypePreference == DistanceTypePreference.OnlyClosest)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Distance, 0.1m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.1m;
partsToDivide += 2;
}
else if (planForm.DistanceTypePreference == DistanceTypePreference.MediumDistances)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Distance, 0.05m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.05m;
partsToDivide += 1;
}
else if (planForm.DistanceTypePreference == DistanceTypePreference.LongDistances)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Distance, 0m);
totalFirstCategory -= 0.00m;
}
if (totalFirstCategory > 0)
{
var totalFirstCategoryStep = Math.Round(totalFirstCategory / partsToDivide, 2);
if (planForm.PricePreference == PricePreference.Cheapest)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Price, 2 * totalFirstCategoryStep);
}
else if (planForm.PricePreference == PricePreference.MediumPrices)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Price, 1 * totalFirstCategoryStep);
}
if (planForm.AtractionPopularityPreference == AtractionPopularityPreference.MostPopular)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Popularity, 2 * totalFirstCategoryStep);
}
else if (planForm.AtractionPopularityPreference == AtractionPopularityPreference.MixedPopular)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Popularity, 1 * totalFirstCategoryStep);
}
if (planForm.DistanceTypePreference == DistanceTypePreference.OnlyClosest)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Distance, 2 * totalFirstCategoryStep);
}
else if (planForm.DistanceTypePreference == DistanceTypePreference.MediumDistances)
{
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Distance, 1 * totalFirstCategoryStep);
}
weightVector.AddValue(WeightVectorLabel.Rating, 1.0m - weightVector.GetTotalSum());
}
var test = weightVector.Total;
return(weightVector);
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Expectimax with Star1 pruning
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Runs an entire game using expectimax with star1 pruning to decide on moves
public State RunStar1Expectimax(bool print, WeightVector weights)
{
while (true)
{
// update state
currentState = new State(BoardHelper.CloneBoard(gameEngine.board), scoreController.getScore(), GameEngine.PLAYER);
if (print)
{
Program.PrintState(currentState);
}
// run algorithm and send action choice to game engine
Move move = Star1Expectimax(currentState, Double.MinValue, Double.MaxValue, chosenDepth, weights);
if (((PlayerMove)move).Direction == (DIRECTION)(-1))
{
// game over
return currentState;
}
gameEngine.SendUserAction((PlayerMove)move);
}
}
// for Expectimax Star1 pruning
internal static double GetUpperBound(WeightVector weights)
{
double bound = ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Corner * upper_corner + ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Empty_cells * upper_emptycells
+ ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Highest_tile * upper_highestvalue + ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Monotonicity * upper_monotonicity
+ ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Points * upper_points + ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Smoothness * upper_smoothness
+ ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Snake * upper_snake + ((WeightVectorAll)weights).Trapped_penalty * upper_trappedpenalty;
return bound + 10;
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Expectimax with Star1 and forward pruning
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Runs an entire game using expectimax search with star1 and forward pruning
// to decide on moves
public State RunStar1WithUnlikelyPruning(bool print, WeightVector weights)
{
int lastSpawn = 0; // dont consider last spawn values at first move
while (true)
{
// update state
currentState = new State(BoardHelper.CloneBoard(gameEngine.board), scoreController.getScore(), GameEngine.PLAYER);
if (print)
{
Program.PrintState(currentState);
}
// run algorithm and send action choice to game engine
Move move = Star1WithUnlikelyPruning(currentState, Double.MinValue, Double.MaxValue, chosenDepth, lastSpawn, weights);
if (((PlayerMove)move).Direction == (DIRECTION)(-1))
{
// game over
return currentState;
}
lastSpawn = gameEngine.SendUserAction((PlayerMove)move);
}
}
