protected void Show_Hide(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (OmniViewer.Suppressed)
{
OmniViewer.Suppressed = false;
}
else
{
OmniViewer.CloseAll();
}
}
public void timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Image <Bgr, byte> imageQueried = camera.QueryFrame();
imageQueried = imageQueried.Resize(ImageWidth, ImageHeight, Emgu.CV.CvEnum.INTER.CV_INTER_LINEAR); //downsize image for better performance
if (frameCount > 20) //wait for webcam exposure to stabilize
{
OmniViewer.Show(ref imageQueried, "imageQueried");
if (Enabled && MotionDetector.Compute(ref imageQueried, ref imageProcessed)) //motion is recognized as hand raise/drop
{
int complexity = ComplexityComputer.Compute(ref imageQueried); //query the complexity of the current image
if (complexity > complexityOld) //motion is recognized as hand being raised if current complexity is larger than previous complexity
{
int gestureNum = GestureReader.Compute(ref imageProcessed); //GestureReader returns an integer indicating which gesture is being detected
if (gestureNum == 0)
{
keyControl.PausePlay();
}
else if (gestureNum == 1)
{
keyControl.PrevTrack();
}
else if (gestureNum == 2)
{
keyControl.NextTrack();
}
else if (gestureNum == 3)
{
keyControl.Start();
}
}
complexityOld = complexity; //store current complexity for future comparisons
}
}
else
{
frameCount++;
}
}
public static int Compute(ref Image <Bgr, byte> imageSource)
{
Image <Gray, byte> imageCanny = imageSource.Convert <Gray, byte>().Canny(cannyThresh, cannyLinking);
imageCanny.ROI = new Rectangle(0, 0, imageWidthCropped, imageHeightCropped);
OmniViewer.Show(ref imageCanny, "imageCanny");
int complexity = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < imageWidthCropped; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < imageHeightCropped; j++)
{
if (imageCanny.Data[j, i, 0] == 255)
{
complexity++;
}
}
}
return(complexity);
}
public static bool Compute(ref Image <Bgr, byte> imageSource, ref Image <Gray, byte> imageResult)
{
bool handDetected = false;
if (imageBackground != null)
{
byte baseThreshold = 0;
Image <Gray, byte> imageProcessed = null;
getFrameDifference(ref imageSource, ref imageBackground, ref imageProcessed, ref baseThreshold);
OmniViewer.Show(ref imageProcessed, "MotionDetector_imageProcessed0");
List <int> xArray = new List <int>(), yArray = new List <int>(); //find center of motion by finding the median of X and Y positions of pixels brighter than base threshold
List <Point> candidates = new List <Point>();
for (int i = 0; i < imageWidth; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < imageHeight; j++)
{
if (imageProcessed.Data[j, i, 0] > baseThreshold)
{
imageProcessed.Data[j, i, 0] = 255;
xArray.Add(i); yArray.Add(j);
candidates.Add(new Point(i, j));
}
}
}
if (candidates.Count > 0)
{
xArray.Sort(); yArray.Sort();
Point centerOfMotion = new Point(xArray[xArray.Count / 3], yArray[yArray.Count / 3]);
imageProcessed._ThresholdBinary(new Gray(baseThreshold), white); //smooth image to cancel noise, and get count of pixels above threshold
Image <Gray, byte> imageSmoothed = imageProcessed.SmoothGaussian(9);
int pixCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < imageWidth; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < imageHeight; j++)
{
if (imageSmoothed.Data[j, i, 0] == 255)
{
imageSmoothed.Data[j, i, 0] = 255; pixCount++;
}
else
{
imageSmoothed.Data[j, i, 0] = 0;
}
}
}
if (pixCount > 20 && centerOfMotion.X < imageWidth / 3d)
{
gestureActive = true; //heuristics to recognize motion as raising hand
}
else if (gestureCaptureDelayCurrent == gestureCaptureDelay)
{
gestureActive = false;
}
else
{
gestureCaptureDelayCurrent++;
}
if (gestureActive)
{
if (!gestureActiveOld)
{
imageBeforeMotion = imageBackground;
motionTimerCount = 0;
xWeightedLeft = xWeightedRight = 0d;
xWeightedCount = 0;
motionXMin = 9999;
motionXMax = 0;
}
for (int i = 0; i < imageWidth; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < imageHeight; j++)
{
if (imageProcessed.Data[j, i, 0] == 255)
{
if (i < imageWidth / 2)
{
xWeightedLeft += 1d - (i / (imageWidth / 2d)); xWeightedCount++;
}
else
{
xWeightedRight += 1d - (imageWidth - i) / (imageWidth / 2d); xWeightedCount++;
}
}
}
}
if (centerOfMotion.X < motionXMin)
{
motionXMin = centerOfMotion.X;
}
if (centerOfMotion.X > motionXMax)
{
motionXMax = centerOfMotion.X;
}
imageSmoothed.Draw(new CircleF(centerOfMotion, 5), new Gray(127), 2);
}
else if (!gestureActive && gestureActiveOld)
{
double size = (xWeightedLeft / xWeightedCount) - (xWeightedRight / xWeightedCount);
int motionWidth = motionXMax - motionXMin;
if (motionTimerCount >= 1 && motionTimerCount < 50 && size > 0.3d && motionWidth < 15)
{
imageAfterMotion = imageSource;
byte baseThreshold2 = 0; //obtain preliminary hand silhouette by computing frame difference between images before and after motion, then thresholding image by base threshold
Image <Gray, byte> imageSubtraction = null;
getFrameDifference(ref imageAfterMotion, ref imageBeforeMotion, ref imageSubtraction, ref baseThreshold2);
imageSubtraction._ThresholdBinary(new Gray(/*baseThreshold2 / 3*/ 10), white); //todo: threshold using baseThreshold2 instead of a fixed value
imageResult = imageSubtraction.Erode(2).Dilate(2);
handDetected = true;
}
gestureCaptureDelayCurrent = 0;
}
gestureActiveOld = gestureActive;
OmniViewer.Show(ref imageSmoothed, "MotionDetector_imageSmoothed");
OmniViewer.Show(ref imageProcessed, "MotionDetector_imageProcessed");
}
}
imageBackground = imageSource;
return(handDetected);
}
private static BlobDetector blobDetectorPalm = new BlobDetector(), blobDetectorFingers = new BlobDetector(); //for clustering palm and fingers
public static int Compute(ref Image <Gray, byte> imageSource)
{
Image <Gray, byte> imageProcessed = imageSource.Erode(1); //erode image to prevent connected fingertips and other image defects
Image <Gray, byte> imageCropped = new Image <Gray, byte>(imageWidthCropped, imageHeightCropped); //crop image for faster processing and noise cancellation, since right hand is always going to show up in the left of the image
for (int i = 0; i < imageWidthCropped; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < imageHeightCropped; j++)
{
imageCropped.Data[j, i, 0] = imageProcessed.Data[j, i, 0];
}
}
Image <Gray, byte> imagePalm = imageCropped.Clone(); //locating palm by eroding fingers (smoothing, equalizing, then thresholding is better than conventional erosion) and dilating the final palm shape
imagePalm._SmoothGaussian(9);
imagePalm._EqualizeHist();
imagePalm._ThresholdBinary(new Gray(254), white);
imagePalm = imagePalm.Dilate(5);
blobDetectorPalm.Compute(ref imagePalm, 255); //marking biggest blob (connected pixels cluster) as the palm blob
int medianWidth = blobDetectorPalm.BlobMaxArea.ComputeMedianWidth(); //crop the palm blob to exact height using custom heuristics
int palmCropY = (int)(blobDetectorPalm.BlobMaxArea.YMin + medianWidth * 1.5d);
List <Point> palmPoints = new List <Point>();
foreach (Point pt in blobDetectorPalm.BlobMaxArea.Data)
{
if (pt.Y < palmCropY)
{
palmPoints.Add(pt);
imageCropped.Data[pt.Y, pt.X, 0] = 191;
}
}
List <Point> palmBlobBorder = new List <Point>(); //finding the border pixels of palm blob by checking if the pixel is bordering a white pixel
foreach (Point pt in palmPoints)
{
int xMin = pt.X - 1, xMax = pt.X + 1, //8 points surrounding pt
yMin = pt.Y - 1, yMax = pt.Y + 1;
checkBounds(ref xMin, ref xMax, imageWidthCropped); //check if values are out of bounds of imageCropped
checkBounds(ref yMin, ref yMax, imageHeightCropped);
bool kill = false;
for (int i = xMin; i <= xMax; i++) //survey 8 points surrounding pt
{
for (int j = yMin; j <= yMax; j++)
{
if (imageCropped.Data[j, i, 0] == 255) //detect pixels that border white pixels
{
palmBlobBorder.Add(pt);
kill = true;
break;
}
}
if (kill)
{
break;
}
}
}
foreach (Point pt in palmBlobBorder)
{
imageCropped.Data[pt.Y, pt.X, 0] = 255; //setting the color of palm border pixels to white to avoid impeding the progress of bresenham line algorithm
}
double minLineLength = 0d; //minimum length in order to be marked as line that travels to a fingertip
List <LineSegment2D> lines = new List <LineSegment2D>();
foreach (Point pt in palmBlobBorder) //path finding algorithm, find all straight lines that originate from palm boarder and travel to hand shape border
{
for (int i = 340; i >= 200; i--) //radiate lines between angles 200 and 340 (upwards between 20 and 160)
{
Point ptResult;
double angle = i * Math.PI / 180d;
Point ptCircle = getCircumferencePoint(pt, 160, angle); //end point of the line (opposing the origin end)
int x = pt.X, y = pt.Y, x2 = ptCircle.X, y2 = ptCircle.Y;
if (bresenham(ref x, ref y, ref x2, ref y2, ref imageCropped, out ptResult)) //radiate lines between orign and end points
{
LineSegment2D line = new LineSegment2D(ptResult, pt);
lines.Add(line);
minLineLength += line.Length; //add current line length to minLineLength since the latter is average length times a coefficient
}
}
}
minLineLength = minLineLength / lines.Count * 2.5d; //filter fingerlines to remove ones that do not travel to fingertips, then draw fingerlines that are left onto an image and run blob detection to find finger blobs
Image <Gray, byte> imageFingers = new Image <Gray, byte>(imageWidthCropped, imageHeightCropped); //new image where all lines that travel to fingertips will be drawn
foreach (LineSegment2D line in lines)
{
if (line.Length > minLineLength || line.P1.X == 0)
{
imageFingers.Draw(line, new Gray(255), 1); //draw finger lines that are longer than minLineLength, or if fingerline borders the left edge of the image in case the finger isn't fully within view
}
}
imageFingers._SmoothGaussian(3);
imageFingers._ThresholdBinary(new Gray(254), white); //smooth drawn fingerlines into finger blobs
blobDetectorFingers.Compute(ref imageFingers, 255);
int fingersCount = 0;
if (blobDetectorFingers.Blobs.Count > 1)
{
foreach (Blob blob in blobDetectorFingers.Blobs) //heuristics for eliminating false blobs, specifically needed when a fist is shown
{
if (blob.ComputeMaxWidth() >= 2 && blob.Length / (blob.ComputeMedianWidth() + 1) >= 3)
{
int verificationCount = 0;
foreach (Blob blobCurrent in blobDetectorFingers.Blobs)
{
if (blob != blobCurrent && blob.YMin < blobCurrent.YMax)
{
verificationCount++;
}
}
if (verificationCount > 0)
{
fingersCount++;
}
}
}
}
else if (blobDetectorFingers.Blobs.Count == 1)
{
if (blobDetectorFingers.BlobMaxArea.Length / (blobDetectorFingers.BlobMaxArea.ComputeMedianWidth() + 1) >= 3)
{
fingersCount = 1;
}
}
if (fingersCount > 3)
{
fingersCount = 3; //currently limiting to 3 gestures, will be expanded in the future
}
OmniViewer.Show(ref imageFingers, "imageFingers");
return(fingersCount);
}
