public override void step(Circuit sim) { double vc = lead_volt[3] - lead_volt[2]; double vo = lead_volt[1]; int dir = (vo < 2.5) ? 1 : -1; // switch direction of current through cap as we oscillate if (vo < 2.5 && vc > 4.5) { vo = 5; dir = -1; } if (vo > 2.5 && vc < .5) { vo = 0; dir = 1; } // generate output voltage sim.updateVoltageSource(0, lead_node[1], pins[1].voltSource, vo); // now we set the current through the cap to be equal to the // current through R1 and R2, so we can measure the voltage // across the cap int cur1 = sim.nodeCount + pins[4].voltSource; int cur2 = sim.nodeCount + pins[5].voltSource; sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[2], cur1, dir); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[2], cur2, dir); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[3], cur1, -dir); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[3], cur2, -dir); cDir = dir; }
public override void step(Circuit sim) { bool v1 = lead_volt[0] > 2.5; bool v2 = lead_volt[1] > 2.5; if (v1 && !pins[0].value) { ff1 = true; } if (v2 && !pins[1].value) { ff2 = true; } if (ff1 && ff2) { ff1 = ff2 = false; } double @out = (ff1) ? 5 : (ff2) ? 0 : -1; // System.out.println(out + " " + v1 + " " + v2); if (@out != -1) { sim.stampVoltageSource(0, lead_node[2], pins[2].voltSource, @out); } else { // tie current through output pin to 0 int vn = sim.nodeCount + pins[2].voltSource; sim.stampMatrix(vn, vn, 1); } pins[0].value = v1; pins[1].value = v2; }
/*public override void getInfo(String[] arr) { * arr[0] = "op-amp"; * arr[1] = "V+ = " + getVoltageText(lead_volt[1]); * arr[2] = "V- = " + getVoltageText(lead_volt[0]); * // sometimes the voltage goes slightly outside range, to make * // convergence easier. so we hide that here. * double vo = Math.Max(Math.Min(lead_volt[2], maxOut), minOut); * arr[3] = "Vout = " + getVoltageText(vo); * arr[4] = "Iout = " + getCurrentText(current); * arr[5] = "range = " + getVoltageText(minOut) + " to " + getVoltageText(maxOut); * }*/ public override void stamp(Circuit sim) { int vn = sim.nodeCount + voltSource; sim.stampNonLinear(vn); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[2], vn, 1); }
public override void step(Circuit sim) { double vd = lead_volt[1] - lead_volt[0]; if (Math.Abs(lastvd - vd) > 0.1) { sim.converged = false; } else if (lead_volt[2] > maxOut + 0.1 || lead_volt[2] < minOut - 0.1) { sim.converged = false; } double x = 0; int vn = sim.nodeCount + voltSource; double dx = 0; if (vd >= maxOut / gain && (lastvd >= 0 || getRand(4) == 1)) { dx = 1E-4; x = maxOut - dx * maxOut / gain; } else if (vd <= minOut / gain && (lastvd <= 0 || getRand(4) == 1)) { dx = 1E-4; x = minOut - dx * minOut / gain; } else { dx = gain; } // newton-raphson sim.stampMatrix(vn, lead_node[0], dx); sim.stampMatrix(vn, lead_node[1], -dx); sim.stampMatrix(vn, lead_node[2], 1); sim.stampRightSide(vn, x); lastvd = vd; }
public override void step(Circuit sim) { double vbc = lead_volt[0] - lead_volt[1]; // typically negative double vbe = lead_volt[0] - lead_volt[2]; // typically positive if (Math.Abs(vbc - lastvbc) > 0.01 || Math.Abs(vbe - lastvbe) > 0.01) { sim.converged = false; } gmin = 0; if (sim.subIterations > 100) { // if we have trouble converging, put a conductance in parallel with // all P-N junctions. Gradually increase the conductance value for each iteration. gmin = Math.Exp(-9 * Math.Log(10) * (1 - sim.subIterations / 3000.0)); if (gmin > .1) { gmin = .1; } } vbc = pnp * limitStep(sim, pnp * vbc, pnp * lastvbc); vbe = pnp * limitStep(sim, pnp * vbe, pnp * lastvbe); lastvbc = vbc; lastvbe = vbe; double pcoef = vdcoef * pnp; double expbc = Math.Exp(vbc * pcoef); double expbe = Math.Exp(vbe * pcoef); if (expbe < 1) { expbe = 1; } ie = pnp * leakage * (-(expbe - 1) + rgain * (expbc - 1)); ic = pnp * leakage * (fgain * (expbe - 1) - (expbc - 1)); ib = -(ie + ic); double gee = -leakage * vdcoef * expbe; double gec = rgain * leakage * vdcoef * expbc; double gce = -gee * fgain; double gcc = -gec * (1 / rgain); // stamps from page 302 of Pillage. Node 0 is the base, // node 1 the collector, node 2 the emitter. Also stamp // minimum conductance (gmin) between b,e and b,c sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[0], lead_node[0], -gee - gec - gce - gcc + gmin * 2); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[0], lead_node[1], gec + gcc - gmin); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[0], lead_node[2], gee + gce - gmin); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[1], lead_node[0], gce + gcc - gmin); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[1], lead_node[1], -gcc + gmin); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[1], lead_node[2], -gce); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[2], lead_node[0], gee + gec - gmin); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[2], lead_node[1], -gec); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[2], lead_node[2], -gee + gmin); // we are solving for v(k+1), not delta v, so we use formula // 10.5.13, multiplying J by v(k) sim.stampRightSide(lead_node[0], -ib - (gec + gcc) * vbc - (gee + gce) * vbe); sim.stampRightSide(lead_node[1], -ic + gce * vbe + gcc * vbc); sim.stampRightSide(lead_node[2], -ie + gee * vbe + gec * vbc); }
public override void step(Circuit sim) { double[] vs = new double[3]; vs[0] = lead_volt[0]; vs[1] = lead_volt[1]; vs[2] = lead_volt[2]; if (vs[1] > lastv1 + .5) { vs[1] = lastv1 + .5; } if (vs[1] < lastv1 - .5) { vs[1] = lastv1 - .5; } if (vs[2] > lastv2 + .5) { vs[2] = lastv2 + .5; } if (vs[2] < lastv2 - .5) { vs[2] = lastv2 - .5; } int source = 1; int drain = 2; if ((pnp ? -1 : 1) * vs[1] > (pnp ? -1 : 1) * vs[2]) { source = 2; drain = 1; } int gate = 0; double vgs = vs[gate] - vs[source]; double vds = vs[drain] - vs[source]; if (Math.Abs(lastv1 - vs[1]) > .01 || Math.Abs(lastv2 - vs[2]) > .01) { sim.converged = false; } lastv1 = vs[1]; lastv2 = vs[2]; double realvgs = vgs; double realvds = vds; vgs *= (pnp ? -1 : 1); vds *= (pnp ? -1 : 1); ids = 0; gm = 0; double Gds = 0; double beta = getBeta(); if (vgs > .5 && this is JfetElm) { sim.panic("JFET is reverse biased!", this); return; } if (vgs < _threshold) { // should be all zero, but that causes a singular matrix, // so instead we treat it as a large resistor Gds = 1e-8; ids = vds * Gds; mode = 0; } else if (vds < vgs - _threshold) { // linear ids = beta * ((vgs - _threshold) * vds - vds * vds * .5); gm = beta * vds; Gds = beta * (vgs - vds - _threshold); mode = 1; } else { // saturation; Gds = 0 gm = beta * (vgs - _threshold); // use very small Gds to avoid nonconvergence Gds = 1e-8; ids = 0.5 * beta * (vgs - _threshold) * (vgs - _threshold) + (vds - (vgs - _threshold)) * Gds; mode = 2; } double rs = -(pnp ? -1 : 1) * ids + Gds * realvds + gm * realvgs; sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[drain], lead_node[drain], Gds); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[drain], lead_node[source], -Gds - gm); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[drain], lead_node[gate], gm); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[source], lead_node[drain], -Gds); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[source], lead_node[source], Gds + gm); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[source], lead_node[gate], -gm); sim.stampRightSide(lead_node[drain], rs); sim.stampRightSide(lead_node[source], -rs); if (source == 2 && (pnp ? -1 : 1) == 1 || source == 1 && (pnp ? -1 : 1) == -1) { ids = -ids; } }
/*public override double getPower() { * return (lead_volt[0] - lead_volt[2]) * current; * }*/ public override void step(Circuit sim) { double[] vs = new double[3]; vs[0] = lead_volt[0]; vs[1] = lead_volt[1]; vs[2] = lead_volt[2]; if (vs[1] > lastv1 + 0.5) { vs[1] = lastv1 + 0.5; } if (vs[1] < lastv1 - 0.5) { vs[1] = lastv1 - 0.5; } if (vs[2] > lastv2 + 0.5) { vs[2] = lastv2 + 0.5; } if (vs[2] < lastv2 - 0.5) { vs[2] = lastv2 - 0.5; } int grid = 1; int cath = 2; int plate = 0; double vgk = vs[grid] - vs[cath]; double vpk = vs[plate] - vs[cath]; if (Math.Abs(lastv0 - vs[0]) > 0.01 || Math.Abs(lastv1 - vs[1]) > 0.01 || Math.Abs(lastv2 - vs[2]) > 0.01) { sim.converged = false; } lastv0 = vs[0]; lastv1 = vs[1]; lastv2 = vs[2]; double ids = 0; double gm = 0; double Gds = 0; double ival = vgk + vpk / mu; currentg = 0; if (vgk > .01) { sim.stampResistor(lead_node[grid], lead_node[cath], gridCurrentR); currentg = vgk / gridCurrentR; } if (ival < 0) { // should be all zero, but that causes a singular matrix, // so instead we treat it as a large resistor Gds = 1E-8; ids = vpk * Gds; } else { ids = Math.Pow(ival, 1.5) / kg1; double q = 1.5 * Math.Sqrt(ival) / kg1; // gm = dids/dgk; // Gds = dids/dpk; Gds = q; gm = q / mu; } currentp = ids; currentc = ids + currentg; double rs = -ids + Gds * vpk + gm * vgk; sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[plate], lead_node[plate], Gds); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[plate], lead_node[cath], -Gds - gm); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[plate], lead_node[grid], gm); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[cath], lead_node[plate], -Gds); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[cath], lead_node[cath], Gds + gm); sim.stampMatrix(lead_node[cath], lead_node[grid], -gm); sim.stampRightSide(lead_node[plate], rs); sim.stampRightSide(lead_node[cath], -rs); }