//---------------------------------------------------------------------

		private List<Site> GetNeighbors(Site site, int windDirection)
		{
			List<Site> neighbors = new List<Site>(5);
			foreach (RelativeLocation relativeLoc in neighborhood) {
				Site neighbor = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc);
				if (neighbor != null)
					neighbors.Add(neighbor);
			}

			int vertical=0;
			int horizontal=0;
			if(windDirection==1) {  //wind is from south
				vertical = -2;
				horizontal = 0;
			}
			if(windDirection==2) {  //wind is from north
				vertical = 2;
				horizontal = 0;
			}
			if(windDirection==3) {  //wind is from east
				vertical = 0;
				horizontal = -2;
			}
			if(windDirection==4) {  //wind is from west
				vertical = 0;
				horizontal = 2;
			}

			RelativeLocation relativeLoc5 = new RelativeLocation(vertical, horizontal);
			Site neighbor5 = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc5);
			if (neighbor5 != null)
				neighbors.Add(neighbor5);

			return neighbors;
		}
		//---------------------------------------------------------------------

		private List<Site> GetNeighbors(Site   site,
		                                int    windDirection,
		                                double windSpeed)
		{
			if(windDirection > 7) windDirection = 7;
			double[] windProbs = 
			{
			(((4.0 - windSpeed)/8.0) * (1+windSpeed)), //Primary direction
			(((4.0 - windSpeed)/8.0) * (1+windSpeed)),
			(((4.0 - windSpeed)/8.0)),
			(((4.0 - windSpeed)/8.0) * (1-windSpeed)),
			(((4.0 - windSpeed)/8.0) * (1-windSpeed)), //Opposite of primary direction
			(((4.0 - windSpeed)/8.0) * (1-windSpeed)),
			(((4.0 - windSpeed)/8.0)),
			(((4.0 - windSpeed)/8.0) * (1+windSpeed)),
			};
			
			double windProb = 0.0;
			int index = 0;
			int success = 0;
			List<Site> neighbors = new List<Site>(9);
			foreach (RelativeLocation relativeLoc in neighborhood) 
			{
				Site neighbor = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc);

				if(index + windDirection > 7) 
					windProb = windProbs[index + windDirection - 8];
				else 
					windProb = windProbs[index + windDirection];
				//System.Console.WriteLine("WindProb={0:0.00}, windSpeed={1:0.00}, neighbor={2}.", windProb, windSpeed, index+1);
				if (neighbor != null 
					&& Random.GenerateUniform() < windProb)
				{
					neighbors.Add(neighbor);
					success++;
				}
				index++;
			}
			logger.Debug(string.Format("Successfully added {0} neighbors.", success));
			
			//Next, add the 9th neighbor, a neighbor one cell beyond the 
			//8 nearest neighbors.
			//array index 0 = north; 1 = northeast, 2 = east,...,8 = northwest
			int[] vertical  ={2,2,0,-2,-2,-2,0,2};
			int[] horizontal={0,2,2,2,0,-2,-2,-2};

			RelativeLocation relativeLoc9 = 
				new RelativeLocation(vertical[windDirection], horizontal[windDirection]);
			Site neighbor9 = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc9);
			if (neighbor9 != null && Random.GenerateUniform() < windSpeed)
				neighbors.Add(neighbor9);
			return neighbors;
		}
        //---------------------------------------------------------------------
        // This method replaces the delegate method.  It is called every year when
        // ACT_ANPP is calculated, for each cohort.  Therefore, this method is operating at
        // an ANNUAL time step and separate from the normal extension time step.

        public static double DefoliateCohort(Biomass.ICohort cohort, Site site, int siteBiomass)
        {

            //UI.WriteLine("   Calculating insect defoliation...");

            int sppIndex = cohort.Species.Index;
            double totalDefoliation = 0.0;

            foreach(IInsect insect in manyInsect)
            {
                if(!insect.ActiveOutbreak)
                    continue;

                double defoliation = 0.0;
                double weightedDefoliation = 0.0;
                int suscIndex = insect.SppTable[sppIndex].Susceptibility - 1;

                if (suscIndex < 0) suscIndex = 0;

                // Get the Neighborhood GrowthReduction Density
                double meanNeighborhoodDefoliation = 0.0;
                int neighborCnt = 0;

                // If it is the first year, the neighborhood growth reduction
                // will have been initialized in Outbreak.InitializeDefoliationPatches

                if(insect.NeighborhoodDefoliation[site] > 0)
                {
                    //UI.WriteLine("   First Year of Defoliation:  Using initial patch defo={0:0.00}.", SiteVars.NeighborhoodDefoliation[site]);
                    meanNeighborhoodDefoliation = insect.NeighborhoodDefoliation[site];
                }

                // If not the first year, calculate mean neighborhood defoliation based on the
                // previous year.
                else
                {
                    double sumNeighborhoodDefoliation = 0.0;

                    //UI.WriteLine("Look at the Neighbors... ");
                    foreach (RelativeLocation relativeLoc in insect.Neighbors)
                    {
                        Site neighbor = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc);
                        if (neighbor != null && neighbor.IsActive)
                        {
                            neighborCnt++;

                            // The previous year...
                            //if(SiteVars.DefoliationByYear[neighbor].ContainsKey(Model.Core.CurrentTime - 1))
                            //    sumNeighborhoodDefoliation += SiteVars.DefoliationByYear[neighbor][Model.Core.CurrentTime - 1];
                            sumNeighborhoodDefoliation += insect.LastYearDefoliation[neighbor];
                        }
                    }

                    if(neighborCnt > 0.0)
                        meanNeighborhoodDefoliation = sumNeighborhoodDefoliation / (double) neighborCnt;

                }  //endif

                if(meanNeighborhoodDefoliation > 1.0 || meanNeighborhoodDefoliation < 0)
                {
                    UI.WriteLine("MeanNeighborhoodDefoliation={0}; NeighborCnt={1}.", meanNeighborhoodDefoliation, neighborCnt);
                    throw new ApplicationException("Error: Mean Neighborhood GrowthReduction is not between 1.0 and 0.0");
                }

                // First assume that there are no neighbors whatsoever:
                DistributionType dist = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_0.Name;
                double value1 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_0.Value1;
                double value2 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_0.Value2;

                if(meanNeighborhoodDefoliation <= 1.0 && meanNeighborhoodDefoliation >= 0.8)
                {
                    dist = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_80.Name;
                    value1 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_80.Value1;
                    value2 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_80.Value2;
                }
                else if(meanNeighborhoodDefoliation < 0.8 && meanNeighborhoodDefoliation >= 0.6)
                {
                    dist = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_60.Name;
                    value1 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_60.Value1;
                    value2 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_60.Value2;
                }
                else if(meanNeighborhoodDefoliation < 0.6 && meanNeighborhoodDefoliation >= 0.4)
                {
                    dist = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_40.Name;
                    value1 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_40.Value1;
                    value2 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_40.Value2;
                }
                else if(meanNeighborhoodDefoliation < 0.4 && meanNeighborhoodDefoliation >= 0.2)
                {
                    dist = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_20.Name;
                    value1 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_20.Value1;
                    value2 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_20.Value2;
                }
                else if(meanNeighborhoodDefoliation < 0.2 && meanNeighborhoodDefoliation >= 0.0)
                {
                    dist = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_0.Name;
                    value1 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_0.Value1;
                    value2 = insect.SusceptibleTable[suscIndex].Distribution_0.Value2;
                }

                // Next, ensure that all cohorts of the same susceptibility class
                // receive the same level of defoliation.

                if(insect.HostDefoliationByYear[site].ContainsKey(Model.Core.CurrentTime))
                {
                    if(insect.HostDefoliationByYear[site][Model.Core.CurrentTime][suscIndex] <= 0.00000000)
                    {
                        defoliation = Distribution.GenerateRandomNum(dist, value1, value2);
                        insect.HostDefoliationByYear[site][Model.Core.CurrentTime][suscIndex] = defoliation;
                    }
                    else
                        defoliation = insect.HostDefoliationByYear[site][Model.Core.CurrentTime][suscIndex];
                }
                else
                {
                    insect.HostDefoliationByYear[site].Add(Model.Core.CurrentTime, new Double[3]{0.0, 0.0, 0.0});
                    defoliation = Distribution.GenerateRandomNum(dist, value1, value2);
                    insect.HostDefoliationByYear[site][Model.Core.CurrentTime][suscIndex] = defoliation;
                }


                // Alternatively, allow defoliation to vary even among cohorts and species with
                // the same susceptibility.
                //defoliation = Distribution.GenerateRandomNum(dist, value1, value2);

                if(defoliation > 1.0 || defoliation < 0)
                {
                    UI.WriteLine("DEFOLIATION TOO BIG or SMALL:  {0}, {1}, {2}, {3}.", dist, value1, value2, defoliation);
                    throw new ApplicationException("Error: New defoliation is not between 1.0 and 0.0");
                }

                //UI.WriteLine("Cohort age={0}, species={1}, suscIndex={2}, defoliation={3}.", cohort.Age, cohort.Species.Name, (suscIndex -1), defoliation);
                
                // For first insect in a given year, actual defoliation equals the potential defoliation drawn from insect distributions.
                if (totalDefoliation == 0.0)
                {
                    weightedDefoliation = (defoliation * ((double)cohort.Biomass / (double)siteBiomass));
                    //UI.WriteLine("Cohort age={0}, species={1}, suscIndex={2}, cohortDefoliation={3}.", cohort.Age, cohort.Species.Name, (suscIndex+1), cohortDefoliation);
                }
                // For second insect in a given year, actual defoliation can only be as high as the amount of canopy foliage left by first insect.
                // This change makes sure next year's neighborhoodDefoliation will reflect actual defoliation, rather than "potential" defoliation.
                // It should also ensure that the sum of defoliation maps for all insects adds up to 1 for a given year.
                else
                {
                    weightedDefoliation = (Math.Min((1 - totalDefoliation), defoliation) * ((double)cohort.Biomass / (double)siteBiomass));
                }

                insect.ThisYearDefoliation[site] += weightedDefoliation;

                if (insect.ThisYearDefoliation[site] > 1.0) // Weighted defoliation cannot exceed 100% of site biomass.
                    insect.ThisYearDefoliation[site] = 1.0;

                //Put in error statement to see if sum of weighted defoliation is ever over 1.
                if (insect.ThisYearDefoliation[site] > 1.0 || insect.ThisYearDefoliation[site] < 0)
                {
                    UI.WriteLine("Site Weighted Defoliation = {0:0.000000}.  Site R/C={1}/{2}.  Last Weighted Defoliation = {3}.", insect.ThisYearDefoliation[site], site.Location.Row, site.Location.Column, weightedDefoliation);
                    throw new ApplicationException("Error: Site Weighted Defoliation is not between 1.0 and 0.0");
                }
                totalDefoliation += defoliation; // Is totalDefoliation getting used anywhere else? Or an orphan?
            }

            if(totalDefoliation > 1.0)  // Cannot exceed 100% defoliation, comment out to see if it ever does.
                totalDefoliation = 1.0;

            if(totalDefoliation > 1.0 || totalDefoliation < 0)
            {
                UI.WriteLine("Cohort Total Defoliation = {0:0.00}.  Site R/C={1}/{2}.", totalDefoliation, site.Location.Row, site.Location.Column);
                throw new ApplicationException("Error: Total Defoliation is not between 1.0 and 0.0");
            }


            return totalDefoliation;

        }
        //---------------------------------------------------------------------

        private List<Site> GetNeighbors(Site site, int windDirection)
        {
            if(windDirection > 7) windDirection = 7;
            double[] windProbs = 
            {
            (((4.0 - this.intensity)/8.0) * (1+this.intensity)), //Primary direction
            (((4.0 - this.intensity)/8.0) * (1+this.intensity)),
            (((4.0 - this.intensity)/8.0)),
            (((4.0 - this.intensity)/8.0) * (1-this.intensity)),
            (((4.0 - this.intensity)/8.0) * (1-this.intensity)), //Opposite of primary direction
            (((4.0 - this.intensity)/8.0) * (1-this.intensity)),
            (((4.0 - this.intensity)/8.0)),
            (((4.0 - this.intensity)/8.0) * (1+this.intensity)),
            };
            
            double windProb = 0.0;
            int index = 0;
            List<Site> neighbors = new List<Site>(9);
            foreach (RelativeLocation relativeLoc in neighborhood) 
            {
                Site neighbor = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc);
                if(index + windDirection > 7) 
                    windProb = windProbs[index + windDirection - 8];
                else 
                    windProb = windProbs[index + windDirection];
                if (neighbor != null && Random.GenerateUniform() < windProb)
                    neighbors.Add(neighbor);
                index++;
            }
            
            //Next, add the 9th neighbor, a neighbor one cell beyond the 
            //8 nearest neighbors.
            //array index 0 = north; 1 = northeast, 2 = east,...,8 = northwest
            int[] vertical  ={2,2,0,-2,-2,-2,0,2};
            int[] horizontal={0,2,2,2,0,-2,-2,-2};

            RelativeLocation relativeLoc9 = 
                new RelativeLocation(vertical[windDirection], horizontal[windDirection]);
            Site neighbor9 = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc9);
            if (neighbor9 != null && Random.GenerateUniform() < this.intensity)
                neighbors.Add(neighbor9);
            return neighbors;
        }
		//---------------------------------------------------------------------

		private List<Site> GetNeighbors(Site site)
		{
			List<Site> neighbors = new List<Site>(4);
			foreach (RelativeLocation relativeLoc in neighborhood) {
				Site neighbor = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc);
				if (neighbor != null)
					neighbors.Add(neighbor);
			}
			return neighbors;
		}
        private static List<Site> Get8Neighbors(Site site)
        {
            List<Site> neighbors = new List<Site>();
        
            RelativeLocation[] neighborhood = new RelativeLocation[] 
            {
                new RelativeLocation(-1,  0),  // north
                new RelativeLocation(-1,  1),  // northeast
                new RelativeLocation( 0,  1),  // east
                new RelativeLocation( 1,  1),  // southeast
                new RelativeLocation( 1,  0),  // south
                new RelativeLocation( 1, -1),  // southwest
                new RelativeLocation( 0, -1),  // west
                new RelativeLocation(-1, -1),  // northwest
            };

            foreach (RelativeLocation relativeLoc in neighborhood) 
            {
                Site neighbor = site.GetNeighbor(relativeLoc);
                if(neighbor != null && neighbor.IsActive)
                    neighbors.Add(neighbor);
            }
            Landis.Util.Random.Shuffle(neighbors);
        
            return neighbors;
        }