public virtual Score Score(Experiment experiment, double probability = 90.0)
{
var score = new Score();
// sort by conversion rate
var sorted = experiment.Score(experiment);
var @base = sorted.Skip(1).Take(1).First(); // sorted[-2]
// calculate z-score
var cohort = experiment.ParticipantsByAlternative();
var pc = @base.Value;
var nc = cohort[@base.Key];
foreach (var alt in sorted)
{
var p = alt.Value;
var index = alt.Key;
var n = cohort[index];
var zscore = (p - pc)/((p * (1 - p) / n) + (pc * (1 - pc) / nc)).Abs().Pow(0.5);
zscore = double.IsNaN(zscore) ? 0 : zscore;
score.Alternatives.Add(new Alternative
{
Index = index,
Name = experiment.Alternatives[index - 1].ToString(),
Label = "Option " + (char)(index + 64),
Value = alt.Value,
ZScore = zscore,
Probability = ProbabilityOfScore(zscore)
});
}
score.Base = score.Alternatives[@base.Key - 1];
// difference is measured from least performant
KeyValuePair<int, double> least;
if ((least = sorted.FirstOrDefault(kv => kv.Value > 0)).Value > 0)
{
foreach (var alt in sorted.Where(alt => alt.Value > least.Value))
{
score.Alternatives[alt.Key].Difference = (alt.Value - least.Value) / least.Value * 100;
}
score.Least = score.Alternatives[least.Key - 1];
}
// best alternative is one with highest conversion rate (best shot).
if (sorted.Last().Value > 0.0)
{
score.Best = score.Alternatives[sorted.Last().Key - 1];
}
// choice alternative can only pick best if we have high probability (>90%)
score.Choice = experiment.Outcome.HasValue
? score.Alternatives[experiment.Outcome.Value - 1]
: (score.Best != null && score.Best.Probability >= probability ? score.Best : null);
return score;
}
public static IEnumerable<AlternativeViewModel> ProjectAlternatives(Experiment experiment, Score score)
{
var index = 1;
foreach (var alternative in experiment.Alternatives)
{
var value = alternative.ToString();
var vm = new AlternativeViewModel
{
Name = "Option " + (char)(index + 64),
Participants = experiment.ParticipantsByAlternative()[index],
Converted = experiment.ConvertedByAlternative()[index],
ConversionRate = experiment.ConversionRateByAlternative()[index],
Showing = experiment.AlternativeValue.ToString() == value,
Choice = score.Choice != null && score.Choice.Index == index,
Value = value
};
index++;
yield return vm;
}
}
public virtual string Conclusion(Score score, double probability = 90.0)
{
var sb = new StringBuilder();
var participants = score.Alternatives.Count();
switch(participants)
{
case 0:
sb.Append("There are no participants in this experiment. ");
break;
case 1:
sb.Append("There is one participant in this experiment. ");
break;
default:
sb.AppendFormat("There are {0} participants in this experiment. ", participants);
break;
}
// only interested in sorted alternatives that converted
var sorted = score.Alternatives.Where(alt => alt.Value > 0.0).OrderBy(alt => alt.Value).Reverse().ToList();
if(sorted.Count() > 1)
{
// start with alternatives that have conversion, from best to worst, then alternatives with no conversion.
sorted = sorted.Intersect(score.Alternatives).ToList();
var best = sorted[0];
var second = sorted[1];
if (best.Value > second.Value)
{
var diff = ((best.Value - second.Value)/second.Value*100).Round();
var better = diff > 0 ? string.Format(" ({0:d}% better than {1})", diff, second.Label) : "";
sb.AppendFormat("The best choice is {0}: it converted at {1:f1}{2}.", best.Label, best.Value, better);
if(best.Probability >= probability)
{
sb.AppendFormat("With {0:d}% probability this result is statistically significant.", score.Best.Probability);
}
else
{
sb.Append("This result is not statistically significant, you should continue this experiment.");
}
sorted.Remove(best);
}
foreach(var alt in sorted)
{
if(alt.Value > 0.0)
{
sb.AppendFormat("{0} converted at {1:f1}%", alt.Label, alt.Value*100);
}
else
{
sb.AppendFormat("{0} did not convert.", alt.Label);
}
}
}
else
{
sb.Append("This experiment has not run long enough to find a clear winner.");
}
if(score.Choice != null)
{
sb.Append(score.Choice.Name + " selected as the best alternative.");
}
return sb.ToString();
}
