private List <SectorTuple> GetSectorTuplesForTriangle(GeoTerrainTriangle t)
{
List <SectorTuple> indices = new List <SectorTuple>();
float dividerWidth = mWidth / mSectorMap.GetLength(0);
float dividerDepth = mDepth / mSectorMap.GetLength(1);
foreach (Vector3 v in t.Vertices)
{
float tmpF1, tmpF2;
tmpF1 = v.X + (mWidth / 2);
int tmpIndexX1 = Math.Min((int)(tmpF1 / dividerWidth), mSectorMap.GetLength(0) - 1);
int tmpIndexX2 = Math.Min((int)Math.Round(tmpF1 / dividerWidth, 0), mSectorMap.GetLength(0) - 1);
tmpF2 = v.Z + (mDepth / 2);
int tmpIndexZ1 = Math.Min((int)(tmpF2 / dividerDepth), mSectorMap.GetLength(1) - 1);
int tmpIndexZ2 = Math.Min((int)Math.Round(tmpF2 / dividerDepth, 0), mSectorMap.GetLength(1) - 1);
SectorTuple st1 = new SectorTuple()
{
X = tmpIndexX1, Y = tmpIndexZ1
};
SectorTuple st2 = new SectorTuple()
{
X = tmpIndexX1, Y = tmpIndexZ2
};
SectorTuple st3 = new SectorTuple()
{
X = tmpIndexX2, Y = tmpIndexZ1
};
SectorTuple st4 = new SectorTuple()
{
X = tmpIndexX2, Y = tmpIndexZ2
};
if (!indices.Contains(st1))
{
indices.Add(st1);
}
if (!indices.Contains(st2))
{
indices.Add(st2);
}
if (!indices.Contains(st3))
{
indices.Add(st3);
}
if (!indices.Contains(st4))
{
indices.Add(st4);
}
}
return(indices);
}
private List <int> GetSectorsForGeoTriangle(GeoTerrainTriangle triangle)
{
List <int> sectorlist = new List <int>();
for (int i = 0; i < mSectors.Count; i++)
{
foreach (Vector3 vertex in triangle.Vertices)
{
if (vertex.X >= mSectors[i].Left &&
vertex.X <= mSectors[i].Right &&
vertex.Z <= mSectors[i].Front &&
vertex.Z >= mSectors[i].Back
)
{
if (!sectorlist.Contains(i))
{
sectorlist.Add(i);
}
}
}
}
return(sectorlist);
}
internal GeoMesh BuildTerrain(Vector3 position, string heightMap, float width, float height, float depth, float texRepeatX = 1, float texRepeatY = 1, bool isFile = true)
{
GeoMesh mmp;
try
{
Assembly a = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly();
using (Stream s = isFile ? File.Open(heightMap, FileMode.Open) : a.GetManifestResourceStream(a.GetName().Name + "." + heightMap))
{
using (Bitmap image = new Bitmap(s))
{
mDots = image.Width * image.Height;
mWidth = width;
mDepth = depth;
mScaleFactor = height > 0 ? height : 1;
mTexX = texRepeatX > 0 ? texRepeatX : 1;
mTexY = texRepeatY > 0 ? texRepeatY : 1;
if (image.Width < 4 || image.Height < 4 || image.Height > 256 || image.Width > 256)
{
throw new Exception("Image size too small or too big: width and height need to be >= 4 and <= 256 pixels.");
}
Debug.WriteLine("Generating terrain from height map: " + heightMap);
double mp = Math.Round(mDots / 1000000.0, 3);
if (mDots > 1000)
{
Debug.WriteLine("\tImage pixel count:\t\t" + mp + " megapixel");
if (mp >= 0.5)
{
Debug.WriteLine("(WARNING: pixel count > 0.5 megapixel! You will experience SERIOUS performance issues with this terrain mapping.)");
}
}
else
{
Debug.WriteLine("\tImage pixel count:\t\t" + mDots);
}
long start = DateTime.Now.Ticks / TimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond;
mSectorSize = image.Width < image.Height ? (int)Math.Sqrt(image.Width) : (int)Math.Sqrt(image.Height);
while (mSectorSize % 4 != 0)
{
mSectorSize++;
}
mSectorSizeCoarse = mSectorSize / 4;
if (mSectorSize > 144)
{
mSectorSize = 144;
mSectorSizeCoarse = 12;
}
mSectorWidth = mWidth / mSectorSize;
mSectorDepth = mDepth / mSectorSize;
mSectorDiameter = (float)Math.Sqrt(mSectorWidth * mSectorWidth + mSectorDepth * mSectorDepth);
mSectorWidthCoarse = mWidth / mSectorSizeCoarse;
mSectorDepthCoarse = mDepth / mSectorSizeCoarse;
for (int i = 0; i < mSectorSizeCoarse; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < mSectorSizeCoarse; j++)
{
Sector sec = new Sector(
(position.X - mWidth / 2) + i * mSectorWidthCoarse,
(position.X - mWidth / 2) + (i + 1) * mSectorWidthCoarse,
(position.Z + mDepth / 2) - (j + 1) * mSectorDepthCoarse,
(position.Z + mDepth / 2) - j * mSectorDepthCoarse
);
mSectorsCoarse.Add(sec);
mSectorCoarseMap.Add(sec, new List <Sector>());
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < mSectorSize; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < mSectorSize; j++)
{
Sector sec = new Sector(
(position.X - mWidth / 2) + i * mSectorWidth,
(position.X - mWidth / 2) + (i + 1) * mSectorWidth,
(position.Z + mDepth / 2) - (j + 1) * mSectorDepth,
(position.Z + mDepth / 2) - j * mSectorDepth
);
sec.ID = mSectors.Count;
mSectors.Add(sec);
Sector coarseSector = GetSectorCoarseForSector(sec);
mSectorCoarseMap[coarseSector].Add(sec);
mSectorTriangleMap.Add(mSectors.Count - 1, new List <GeoTerrainTriangle>());
}
}
float[,] mHeightMap = new float[image.Width, image.Height];
mCompleteDiameter = (float)Math.Sqrt(mWidth * mWidth + mDepth * mDepth + mScaleFactor * mScaleFactor);
float stepWidth = mWidth / (image.Width - 1);
float stepDepth = mDepth / (image.Height - 1);
Vector3[] points = new Vector3[mDots];
int c = 0;
int cFBuffer = 0;
int cFBufferUV = 0;
float[] VBOVerticesBuffer = new float[mDots * 3];
float[] VBONormalsBuffer = new float[mDots * 3];
float[] VBOUVBuffer = new float[mDots * 2];
float[] VBOTangentBuffer = new float[mDots * 3];
float[] VBOBiTangentBuffer = new float[mDots * 3];
Dictionary <int, Vector3> normalMapping = new Dictionary <int, Vector3>();
Dictionary <int, Vector3> tangentMapping = new Dictionary <int, Vector3>();
Dictionary <int, Vector3> bitangentMapping = new Dictionary <int, Vector3>();
Dictionary <int, int> normalMappingCount = new Dictionary <int, int>();
for (int i = 0; i < image.Width; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < image.Height; j++)
{
Color tmpColor = image.GetPixel(i, j);
float normalizedRGB = ((tmpColor.R + tmpColor.G + tmpColor.B) / 3f) / 255f;
mHeightMap[i, j] = normalizedRGB;
Vector3 tmp = new Vector3(
position.X + i * stepWidth - mWidth / 2,
position.Y + mScaleFactor * normalizedRGB,
position.Z - mDepth / 2 + j * stepDepth
);
points[c] = tmp;
VBOVerticesBuffer[cFBuffer + 0] = points[c].X;
VBOVerticesBuffer[cFBuffer + 1] = points[c].Y;
VBOVerticesBuffer[cFBuffer + 2] = points[c].Z;
VBOUVBuffer[cFBufferUV + 0] = i * (1f / (image.Width - 1)); //* mTexX;
VBOUVBuffer[cFBufferUV + 1] = j * (1f / (image.Height - 1)); // * mTexY;
normalMapping.Add(c, new Vector3(0, 0, 0));
tangentMapping.Add(c, new Vector3(0, 0, 0));
bitangentMapping.Add(c, new Vector3(0, 0, 0));
normalMappingCount.Add(c, 0);
//increase counter:
c++;
cFBuffer += 3;
cFBufferUV += 2;
}
}
mmp = new GeoMesh();
mmp.Name = heightMap;
// Build indices and triangles:
mmp.VAO = GL.GenVertexArray();
GL.BindVertexArray(mmp.VAO);
int triangles = 0;
List <uint> mIndices = new List <uint>();
int imageHeight = image.Height;
Vector3 normalT1 = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
Vector3 normalT2 = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
float deltaU1 = 0;
float deltaV1 = 0;
float deltaU2 = 0;
float deltaV2 = 0;
float f = 1.0f;
Vector3 tangent = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
Vector3 bitangent = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < points.Length - imageHeight - 1; i++)
{
Vector3 tmp;
if ((i + 1) % imageHeight == 0)
{
continue;
}
// Generate Indices:
mIndices.Add((uint)(i + imageHeight + 1));
mIndices.Add((uint)(i + imageHeight));
mIndices.Add((uint)(i));
mIndices.Add((uint)(i));
mIndices.Add((uint)(i + 1));
mIndices.Add((uint)(i + imageHeight + 1));
// Generate Triangle objects:
// T1:
Vector3 v1 = new Vector3(points[i + imageHeight + 1]);
Vector3 v2 = new Vector3(points[i + imageHeight]);
Vector3 v3 = new Vector3(points[i]);
GeoTerrainTriangle t123 = new GeoTerrainTriangle(v1, v2, v3);
normalT1 = t123.Normal;
List <int> sectorIds = GetSectorsForGeoTriangle(t123);
foreach (int sID in sectorIds)
{
mSectorTriangleMap[sID].Add(t123);
}
// tangents and bitangent generation
deltaU1 = VBOUVBuffer[(i + imageHeight) * 2] - VBOUVBuffer[(i + imageHeight + 1) * 2];
deltaV1 = VBOUVBuffer[(i + imageHeight) * 2 + 1] - VBOUVBuffer[(i + imageHeight + 1) * 2 + 1];
deltaU2 = VBOUVBuffer[(i + 0) * 2] - VBOUVBuffer[(i + imageHeight + 1) * 2];
deltaV2 = VBOUVBuffer[(i + 0) * 2 + 1] - VBOUVBuffer[(i + imageHeight + 1) * 2 + 1];
f = 1.0f / (deltaU1 * deltaV2 - deltaU2 * deltaV1);
tangent.X = f * (deltaV2 * t123.edge1.X - deltaV1 * t123.edge2.X);
tangent.Y = f * (deltaV2 * t123.edge1.Y - deltaV1 * t123.edge2.Y);
tangent.Z = f * (deltaV2 * t123.edge1.Z - deltaV1 * t123.edge2.Z);
bitangent.X = f * (-deltaU2 * t123.edge1.X - deltaU1 * t123.edge2.X);
bitangent.Y = f * (-deltaU2 * t123.edge1.Y - deltaU1 * t123.edge2.Y);
bitangent.Z = f * (-deltaU2 * t123.edge1.Z - deltaU1 * t123.edge2.Z);
// Generate their normals for VBO:
normalMapping.TryGetValue(i, out tmp);
tmp += normalT1;
normalMapping[i] = tmp;
normalMappingCount[i]++;
normalMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight, out tmp);
tmp += normalT1;
normalMapping[i + imageHeight] = tmp;
normalMappingCount[i + imageHeight]++;
normalMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight + 1, out tmp);
tmp += normalT1;
normalMapping[i + imageHeight + 1] = tmp;
normalMappingCount[i + imageHeight + 1]++;
// map tangents & bitangent here:
tangentMapping.TryGetValue(i, out tmp);
tmp += tangent;
tangentMapping[i] = tmp;
tangentMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight, out tmp);
tmp += tangent;
tangentMapping[i + imageHeight] = tmp;
tangentMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight + 1, out tmp);
tmp += tangent;
tangentMapping[i + imageHeight + 1] = tmp;
bitangentMapping.TryGetValue(i, out tmp);
tmp += bitangent;
bitangentMapping[i] = tmp;
bitangentMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight, out tmp);
tmp += bitangent;
bitangentMapping[i + imageHeight] = tmp;
bitangentMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight + 1, out tmp);
tmp += bitangent;
bitangentMapping[i + imageHeight + 1] = tmp;
// ============================ T2 ======================
Vector3 v4 = new Vector3(points[i]);
Vector3 v5 = new Vector3(points[i + 1]);
Vector3 v6 = new Vector3(points[i + imageHeight + 1]);
GeoTerrainTriangle t456 = new GeoTerrainTriangle(v4, v5, v6);
normalT2 = t456.Normal;
sectorIds.Clear();
sectorIds = GetSectorsForGeoTriangle(t456);
foreach (int sID in sectorIds)
{
mSectorTriangleMap[sID].Add(t456);
}
// tangents and bitangent generation
deltaU1 = VBOUVBuffer[(i + 1) * 2] - VBOUVBuffer[(i) * 2];
deltaV1 = VBOUVBuffer[(i + 1) * 2 + 1] - VBOUVBuffer[(i) * 2 + 1];
deltaU2 = VBOUVBuffer[(i + imageHeight + 1) * 2] - VBOUVBuffer[(i) * 2];
deltaV2 = VBOUVBuffer[(i + imageHeight + 1) * 2 + 1] - VBOUVBuffer[(i) * 2 + 1];
f = 1.0f / (deltaU1 * deltaV2 - deltaU2 * deltaV1);
tangent.X = f * (deltaV2 * t456.edge1.X - deltaV1 * t456.edge2.X);
tangent.Y = f * (deltaV2 * t456.edge1.Y - deltaV1 * t456.edge2.Y);
tangent.Z = f * (deltaV2 * t456.edge1.Z - deltaV1 * t456.edge2.Z);
bitangent.X = f * (-deltaU2 * t456.edge1.X - deltaU1 * t456.edge2.X);
bitangent.Y = f * (-deltaU2 * t456.edge1.Y - deltaU1 * t456.edge2.Y);
bitangent.Z = f * (-deltaU2 * t456.edge1.Z - deltaU1 * t456.edge2.Z);
normalMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight + 1, out tmp);
tmp += normalT2;
normalMapping[i + imageHeight + 1] = tmp;
normalMappingCount[i + imageHeight + 1]++;
normalMapping.TryGetValue(i + 1, out tmp);
tmp += normalT2;
normalMapping[i + 1] = tmp;
normalMappingCount[i + 1]++;
normalMapping.TryGetValue(i, out tmp);
tmp += normalT2;
normalMapping[i] = tmp;
normalMappingCount[i]++;
// map tangents & bitangent here:
tangentMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight + 1, out tmp);
tmp += tangent;
tangentMapping[i + imageHeight + 1] = tmp;
tangentMapping.TryGetValue(i + 1, out tmp);
tmp += tangent;
tangentMapping[i + 1] = tmp;
tangentMapping.TryGetValue(i, out tmp);
tmp += tangent;
tangentMapping[i] = tmp;
bitangentMapping.TryGetValue(i + imageHeight + 1, out tmp);
tmp += bitangent;
bitangentMapping[i + imageHeight + 1] = tmp;
bitangentMapping.TryGetValue(i + 1, out tmp);
tmp += bitangent;
bitangentMapping[i + 1] = tmp;
bitangentMapping.TryGetValue(i, out tmp);
tmp += bitangent;
bitangentMapping[i] = tmp;
triangles += 2;
}
Debug.WriteLine("\tGenerated triangles:\t" + triangles);
cFBuffer = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < points.Length; i++)
{
// Interpolate normals:
Vector3 tmp = new Vector3(normalMapping[i].X / normalMappingCount[i],
normalMapping[i].Y / normalMappingCount[i],
normalMapping[i].Z / normalMappingCount[i]);
tmp.Normalize();
Vector3 tTemp = new Vector3(tangentMapping[i].X / normalMappingCount[i],
tangentMapping[i].Y / normalMappingCount[i],
tangentMapping[i].Z / normalMappingCount[i]);
tTemp.Normalize();
Vector3 btTemp = new Vector3(bitangentMapping[i].X / normalMappingCount[i],
bitangentMapping[i].Y / normalMappingCount[i],
bitangentMapping[i].Z / normalMappingCount[i]);
btTemp.Normalize();
VBONormalsBuffer[cFBuffer + 0] = tmp.X;
VBONormalsBuffer[cFBuffer + 1] = tmp.Y;
VBONormalsBuffer[cFBuffer + 2] = tmp.Z;
// tangents and bitangents:
VBOTangentBuffer[cFBuffer + 0] = tTemp.X;
VBOTangentBuffer[cFBuffer + 1] = tTemp.Y;
VBOTangentBuffer[cFBuffer + 2] = tTemp.Z;
// tangents and bitangents:
VBOBiTangentBuffer[cFBuffer + 0] = btTemp.X;
VBOBiTangentBuffer[cFBuffer + 1] = btTemp.Y;
VBOBiTangentBuffer[cFBuffer + 2] = btTemp.Z;
cFBuffer += 3;
}
// Generate VBOs:
mmp.VBOPosition = GL.GenBuffer();
mmp.VBONormal = GL.GenBuffer();
mmp.VBOTexture1 = GL.GenBuffer();
mmp.VBOTangent = GL.GenBuffer();
mmp.VBOBiTangent = GL.GenBuffer();
mmp.VBOIndex = GL.GenBuffer();
// Vertices:
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mmp.VBOPosition);
GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, VBOVerticesBuffer.Length * 4, VBOVerticesBuffer, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw);
GL.VertexAttribPointer(0, 3, VertexAttribPointerType.Float, false, 0, 0);
GL.EnableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, 0);
// Normals
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mmp.VBONormal);
GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, VBONormalsBuffer.Length * 4, VBONormalsBuffer, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw);
GL.VertexAttribPointer(1, 3, VertexAttribPointerType.Float, false, 0, 0);
GL.EnableVertexAttribArray(1);
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, 0);
// UVs
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mmp.VBOTexture1);
GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, VBOUVBuffer.Length * 4, VBOUVBuffer, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw);
GL.VertexAttribPointer(2, 2, VertexAttribPointerType.Float, false, 0, 0);
GL.EnableVertexAttribArray(2);
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, 0);
// Tangents
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mmp.VBOTangent);
GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, VBOTangentBuffer.Length * 4, VBOTangentBuffer, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw);
GL.VertexAttribPointer(4, 3, VertexAttribPointerType.Float, false, 0, 0);
GL.EnableVertexAttribArray(4);
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, 0);
// Bitangents
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mmp.VBOBiTangent);
GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, VBOBiTangentBuffer.Length * 4, VBOBiTangentBuffer, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw);
GL.VertexAttribPointer(5, 3, VertexAttribPointerType.Float, false, 0, 0);
GL.EnableVertexAttribArray(5);
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, 0);
mmp.Indices = mIndices.ToArray();
// Indices:
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ElementArrayBuffer, mmp.VBOIndex);
GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ElementArrayBuffer, mIndices.Count * 4, mmp.Indices, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw);
GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ElementArrayBuffer, 0);
mmp.Transform = Matrix4.Identity;
GL.BindVertexArray(0);
long diff = DateTime.Now.Ticks / TimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond - start;
Debug.WriteLine("\t...done (" + Math.Round(diff / 1000f, 2) + " seconds)");
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception("Terrain could not be created: " + ex.Message);
}
finally
{
GLWindow.StartGarbageCollection();
}
mmp.Primitive = PrimitiveType.Triangles;
return(mmp);
}
