/// <summary> Accretes dust and/or gas from all bands onto the specified protoplanet,
/// iterating until the marginal mass increase approaches zero. Once the
/// new mass has been calculated, the dust bands are updated to reflect the
/// accretion of dust and/or gas onto the protoplanet.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">Protoplanet accreting in this cycle
/// </param>
public virtual void accrete_dust(Protoplanet p)
{
//double temp_mass;
double start_mass = p.mass;
double minimum_accretion = 0.0001 * start_mass;
double r_inner, r_outer, gatherLast, gatherNow;
DustBand db;
gatherNow = 0.0;
do
{
gatherLast = gatherNow;
// calculate new mass of protoplanet, considering last calculated
// quantity of accreted matter, then calculate region to be swept
// based on the updated mass.
p.mass = start_mass + gatherLast;
p.reduce_mass();
gas = !p.accretes_gas();
r_inner = p.inner_reduced_limit(cloud_eccentricity);
r_outer = p.outer_reduced_limit(cloud_eccentricity);
if (r_inner < 0.0)
r_inner = 0.0;
// sweep through all dust bands, collecting matter within the
// effective reach of the protoplanet's gravity.
gatherNow = 0.0;
for (db = dust_head; db != null; db = db.next_band)
{
gatherNow += db.collect_dust(r_inner, r_outer, p);
}
}
while ((gatherNow - gatherLast) >= minimum_accretion);
update_dust_lanes(p.inner_effect_limit(cloud_eccentricity), p.outer_effect_limit(cloud_eccentricity));
}
/// <summary> Accretes dust and/or gas from all bands onto the specified protoplanet,
/// iterating until the marginal mass increase approaches zero. Once the
/// new mass has been calculated, the dust bands are updated to reflect the
/// accretion of dust and/or gas onto the protoplanet.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">Protoplanet accreting in this cycle
/// </param>
public virtual void accrete_dust(Protoplanet p)
{
//double temp_mass;
double start_mass = p.mass;
double minimum_accretion = 0.0001 * start_mass;
double r_inner, r_outer, gatherLast, gatherNow;
DustBand db;
gatherNow = 0.0;
do
{
gatherLast = gatherNow;
// calculate new mass of protoplanet, considering last calculated
// quantity of accreted matter, then calculate region to be swept
// based on the updated mass.
p.mass = start_mass + gatherLast;
p.reduce_mass();
gas = !p.accretes_gas();
r_inner = p.inner_reduced_limit(cloud_eccentricity);
r_outer = p.outer_reduced_limit(cloud_eccentricity);
if (r_inner < 0.0)
{
r_inner = 0.0;
}
// sweep through all dust bands, collecting matter within the
// effective reach of the protoplanet's gravity.
gatherNow = 0.0;
for (db = dust_head; db != null; db = db.next_band)
{
gatherNow += db.collect_dust(r_inner, r_outer, p);
}
}while ((gatherNow - gatherLast) >= minimum_accretion);
update_dust_lanes(p.inner_effect_limit(cloud_eccentricity), p.outer_effect_limit(cloud_eccentricity));
}
/// <summary> Determines whether dust is present within the effect radius of
/// a specific Protoplanet.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">Protoplanet within the disc
/// </param>
/// <returns>s true if there is a band containing dust which this body
/// can accrete.
/// </returns>
public virtual bool dust_available(Protoplanet p)
{
double inside_range = p.inner_effect_limit(cloud_eccentricity);
double outside_range = p.outer_effect_limit(cloud_eccentricity);
DustBand current_dust_band;
bool dust_here = false;
current_dust_band = dust_head;
while ((current_dust_band != null) && (current_dust_band.outer_edge < inside_range))
{
current_dust_band = current_dust_band.next_band;
}
if (current_dust_band == null)
{
dust_here = false;
}
else
{
dust_here = current_dust_band.dust_present;
}
while ((current_dust_band != null) && (current_dust_band.inner_edge < outside_range))
{
dust_here = dust_here || current_dust_band.dust_present;
current_dust_band = current_dust_band.next_band;
}
return(dust_here);
}
/// <summary> Copy constructor</summary>
public Protoplanet(Protoplanet p)
{
a = p.a; e = p.e; mass = p.mass; //next_planet = p.next_planet;
gas_giant = p.gas_giant; crit_mass = p.crit_mass;
dust_density = p.dust_density;
moons = new ArrayList();
if (p.moons != null)
{
foreach (Protoplanet moon in p.moons)
{
moons.Add(moon);
}
}
}
/// <summary> Calculate the amount of dust which the specified protoplanet can
/// accrete from this dust band, if any.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>s Quantity of dust, in units of solar masses.
/// </returns>
public virtual double collect_dust(double r_inner, double r_outer, Protoplanet p)
{
double gather = 0.0;
/* as last_mass increases, temp approaches 1.
* reduced_mass approaches 1 even quicker.
* as reduced_mass approaches 1, r_inner approaches 0 and
* r_outer approaches 2*a*(1.0 + e). Apparently the integration
* is from 0 to 2a.
* The masses are expressed in terms of solar masses; temp is therefore
* the ratio of the planetary mass to the total system (sun + planet)
*/
if (intersect(r_inner, r_outer) != DBI_NO_INTERSECTION)
{
double bandwidth = (r_outer - r_inner);
double temp1 = r_outer - outer_edge;
double temp2 = inner_edge - r_inner;
double width;
double temp;
double volume;
if (bandwidth <= 0.0)
{
bandwidth = 0.0;
}
if (temp1 < 0.0)
{
temp1 = 0.0;
}
width = bandwidth - temp1;
if (temp2 < 0.0)
{
temp2 = 0.0;
}
width -= temp2;
if (width < 0.0)
{
width = 0.0;
}
temp = 4.0 * System.Math.PI * System.Math.Pow(p.a, 2.0) * p.reduced_mass * (1.0 - p.e * (temp1 - temp2) / bandwidth);
volume = temp * width;
gather = (volume * p.mass_density(dust_present, gas_present));
}
return(gather);
}
/// <summary> Accretes protoplanets from the dust disc in this system.</summary>
/// <returns>s First protoplanet of accreted system, as the head
/// element of a list of protoplanets.
/// </returns>
public virtual void dist_planetary_masses()
{
Protoplanet p0;
while (disc.dust_left)
{
p0 = new Protoplanet(disc.body_inner_bound, disc.body_outer_bound);
if (disc.dust_available(p0))
{
p0.dust_density = PhysicalConstants.DUST_DENSITY_COEFF * System.Math.Sqrt(star.SM) * System.Math.Exp((-PhysicalConstants.ALPHA) * System.Math.Pow(p0.a, (1.0 / PhysicalConstants.N)));
p0.crit_mass = star.critical_limit(p0.a, p0.e);
disc.accrete_dust(p0);
if (p0.massOK())
{
coalesce_planetesimals(p0);
}
else
{
//System.out.println(".. failed due to large neighbor.");
}
}
}
}
/// <summary> Determines whether dust is present within the effect radius of
/// a specific Protoplanet.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">Protoplanet within the disc
/// </param>
/// <returns>s true if there is a band containing dust which this body
/// can accrete.
/// </returns>
public virtual bool dust_available(Protoplanet p)
{
double inside_range = p.inner_effect_limit(cloud_eccentricity);
double outside_range = p.outer_effect_limit(cloud_eccentricity);
DustBand current_dust_band;
bool dust_here = false;
current_dust_band = dust_head;
while ((current_dust_band != null) && (current_dust_band.outer_edge < inside_range))
current_dust_band = current_dust_band.next_band;
if (current_dust_band == null)
dust_here = false;
else
dust_here = current_dust_band.dust_present;
while ((current_dust_band != null) && (current_dust_band.inner_edge < outside_range))
{
dust_here = dust_here || current_dust_band.dust_present;
current_dust_band = current_dust_band.next_band;
}
return (dust_here);
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor from an accreted protoplanet.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">Protoplanet that forms the basis of this planet
/// </param>
public Planet(Protoplanet p)
{
//next_planet = null;
//first_moon = null;
a = p.a; e = p.e; mass = p.mass * PhysicalConstants.SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES;
gas_giant = p.gas_giant;
where_in_orbit = (nextDouble() * 360.0) * PhysicalConstants.DEG_TO_RAD;
albedo = 0.0; // start with albedo of 0
plan_class = classify_by_accretion();
if (mass < 1.0e-6)
{
mass = 0.0;
plan_class = '-';
}
density = density_by_temperature(plan_class);
radius = planet_radius(mass, density, plan_class);
moons = new ArrayList();
if (p.moons != null)
{
foreach (Protoplanet moon in p.moons)
{
moons.Add(moon);
}
}
}
/// <summary> Copy constructor</summary>
public Protoplanet(Protoplanet p)
{
a = p.a; e = p.e; mass = p.mass; //next_planet = p.next_planet;
gas_giant = p.gas_giant; crit_mass = p.crit_mass;
dust_density = p.dust_density;
moons = new ArrayList();
if (p.moons != null)
{
foreach (Protoplanet moon in p.moons)
{
moons.Add(moon);
}
}
}
/// <summary> Calculate the amount of dust which the specified protoplanet can
/// accrete from this dust band, if any.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>s Quantity of dust, in units of solar masses.
/// </returns>
public virtual double collect_dust(double r_inner, double r_outer, Protoplanet p)
{
double gather = 0.0;
/* as last_mass increases, temp approaches 1.
* reduced_mass approaches 1 even quicker.
* as reduced_mass approaches 1, r_inner approaches 0 and
* r_outer approaches 2*a*(1.0 + e). Apparently the integration
* is from 0 to 2a.
* The masses are expressed in terms of solar masses; temp is therefore
* the ratio of the planetary mass to the total system (sun + planet)
*/
if (intersect(r_inner, r_outer) != DBI_NO_INTERSECTION)
{
double bandwidth = (r_outer - r_inner);
double temp1 = r_outer - outer_edge;
double temp2 = inner_edge - r_inner;
double width;
double temp;
double volume;
if (bandwidth <= 0.0)
bandwidth = 0.0;
if (temp1 < 0.0)
temp1 = 0.0;
width = bandwidth - temp1;
if (temp2 < 0.0)
temp2 = 0.0;
width -= temp2;
if (width < 0.0)
width = 0.0;
temp = 4.0 * System.Math.PI * System.Math.Pow(p.a, 2.0) * p.reduced_mass * (1.0 - p.e * (temp1 - temp2) / bandwidth);
volume = temp * width;
gather = (volume * p.mass_density(dust_present, gas_present));
}
return gather;
}
/// <summary> Searches the planetesimals already present in this system
/// for a possible collision. Does not run any long-term simulation
/// of orbits, doesn't try to eject bodies...
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">
/// Newly injected accreting protoplanet to test
/// </param>
public virtual void coalesce_planetesimals(Protoplanet p)
{
// note that p is not consumed by this routine...
Protoplanet node2, node3;
bool finished = false;
double temp, dist1, dist2, a3;
double reduced_mass = p.mass;
// try to merge Protoplanets
//node2 = node1 = planet_head;
foreach (Protoplanet node1 in this.protoplanetsList)
{
node2 = node1;
temp = node1.a - p.a;
if ((temp > 0.0))
{
dist1 = (p.a * (1.0 + p.e) * (1.0 + p.mass)) - p.a;
/* x aphelion */
if (node1.mass <= 0.0)
{
reduced_mass = 0.0;
}
else
{
reduced_mass = System.Math.Pow((node1.mass / (1.0 + node1.mass)), (1.0 / 4.0));
}
dist2 = node1.a - (node1.a * (1.0 - node1.e) * (1.0 - reduced_mass));
}
else
{
dist1 = p.a - (p.a * (1.0 - p.e) * (1.0 - p.mass));
/* x perihelion */
if (node1.mass <= 0.0)
{
reduced_mass = 0.0;
}
else
{
reduced_mass = System.Math.Pow(node1.mass / (1.0 + node1.mass), (1.0 / 4.0));
}
dist2 = (node1.a * (1.0 + node1.e) * (1.0 + reduced_mass)) - node1.a;
}
if (((System.Math.Abs(temp) <= System.Math.Abs(dist1)) || (System.Math.Abs(temp) <= System.Math.Abs(dist2))))
{
//collision
if (p.mass > 0.2 /*&& (node1.mass / p.mass) > 0.1*/)
{
}
a3 = (node1.mass + p.mass) / ((node1.mass / node1.a) + (p.mass / p.a));
temp = node1.mass * System.Math.Sqrt(node1.a) * System.Math.Sqrt(1.0 - (node1.e * node1.e));
temp += (p.mass * System.Math.Sqrt(p.a) * System.Math.Sqrt(System.Math.Sqrt(1.0 - (p.e * p.e))));
temp /= ((node1.mass + p.mass) * System.Math.Sqrt(a3));
temp = 1.0 - (temp * temp);
if (((temp < 0.0) || (temp >= 1.0)))
{
temp = 0.0;
}
p.e = System.Math.Sqrt(temp);
temp = node1.mass + p.mass;
node1.a = a3;
node1.e = p.e;
node1.mass = temp;
disc.accrete_dust(node1);
//node1 = null;
finished = true;
}
}
if (!finished)
{
// add copy of planetesimal to planets list
node3 = new Protoplanet(p);
node3.gas_giant = (p.mass >= p.crit_mass);
protoplanetsList.Add(node3);
protoplanetsList.Sort(new PlanetSort(SortDirection.Ascending));
#region Original code, made obsolete by sort method of ArrayList
//if ((planet_head == null))
//{
// planet_head = node3;
//}
//else
//{
// node1 = planet_head;
// if ((p.a < node1.a))
// {
// node3.next_planet = node1;
// planet_head = node3;
// }
// else if ((planet_head.next_planet == null))
// {
// planet_head.next_planet = node3;
// }
// else
// {
// while (((node1 != null) && (node1.a < p.a)))
// {
// node2 = node1;
// node1 = node1.next_planet;
// }
// node3.next_planet = node1;
// node2.next_planet = node3;
// }
//}
#endregion
}
}
/// <summary> Searches the planetesimals already present in this system
/// for a possible collision. Does not run any long-term simulation
/// of orbits, doesn't try to eject bodies...
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p">
/// Newly injected accreting protoplanet to test
/// </param>
public virtual void coalesce_planetesimals(Protoplanet p)
{
// note that p is not consumed by this routine...
Protoplanet node2, node3;
bool finished = false;
double temp, dist1, dist2, a3;
double reduced_mass = p.mass;
// try to merge Protoplanets
//node2 = node1 = planet_head;
foreach (Protoplanet node1 in this.protoplanetsList)
{
node2 = node1;
temp = node1.a - p.a;
if ((temp > 0.0))
{
dist1 = (p.a * (1.0 + p.e) * (1.0 + p.mass)) - p.a;
/* x aphelion */
if (node1.mass <= 0.0)
reduced_mass = 0.0;
else
reduced_mass = System.Math.Pow((node1.mass / (1.0 + node1.mass)), (1.0 / 4.0));
dist2 = node1.a - (node1.a * (1.0 - node1.e) * (1.0 - reduced_mass));
}
else
{
dist1 = p.a - (p.a * (1.0 - p.e) * (1.0 - p.mass));
/* x perihelion */
if (node1.mass <= 0.0)
reduced_mass = 0.0;
else
reduced_mass = System.Math.Pow(node1.mass / (1.0 + node1.mass), (1.0 / 4.0));
dist2 = (node1.a * (1.0 + node1.e) * (1.0 + reduced_mass)) - node1.a;
}
if (((System.Math.Abs(temp) <= System.Math.Abs(dist1)) || (System.Math.Abs(temp) <= System.Math.Abs(dist2))))
{
//collision
if (p.mass > 0.2 /*&& (node1.mass / p.mass) > 0.1*/)
{
}
a3 = (node1.mass + p.mass) / ((node1.mass / node1.a) + (p.mass / p.a));
temp = node1.mass * System.Math.Sqrt(node1.a) * System.Math.Sqrt(1.0 - (node1.e * node1.e));
temp += (p.mass * System.Math.Sqrt(p.a) * System.Math.Sqrt(System.Math.Sqrt(1.0 - (p.e * p.e))));
temp /= ((node1.mass + p.mass) * System.Math.Sqrt(a3));
temp = 1.0 - (temp * temp);
if (((temp < 0.0) || (temp >= 1.0)))
temp = 0.0;
p.e = System.Math.Sqrt(temp);
temp = node1.mass + p.mass;
node1.a = a3;
node1.e = p.e;
node1.mass = temp;
disc.accrete_dust(node1);
//node1 = null;
finished = true;
}
}
if (!finished)
{
// add copy of planetesimal to planets list
node3 = new Protoplanet(p);
node3.gas_giant = (p.mass >= p.crit_mass);
protoplanetsList.Add(node3);
protoplanetsList.Sort(new PlanetSort(SortDirection.Ascending));
#region Original code, made obsolete by sort method of ArrayList
//if ((planet_head == null))
//{
// planet_head = node3;
//}
//else
//{
// node1 = planet_head;
// if ((p.a < node1.a))
// {
// node3.next_planet = node1;
// planet_head = node3;
// }
// else if ((planet_head.next_planet == null))
// {
// planet_head.next_planet = node3;
// }
// else
// {
// while (((node1 != null) && (node1.a < p.a)))
// {
// node2 = node1;
// node1 = node1.next_planet;
// }
// node3.next_planet = node1;
// node2.next_planet = node3;
// }
//}
#endregion
}
}
/// <summary> Accretes protoplanets from the dust disc in this system.</summary>
/// <returns>s First protoplanet of accreted system, as the head
/// element of a list of protoplanets.
/// </returns>
public virtual void dist_planetary_masses()
{
Protoplanet p0;
while (disc.dust_left)
{
p0 = new Protoplanet(disc.body_inner_bound, disc.body_outer_bound);
if (disc.dust_available(p0))
{
p0.dust_density = PhysicalConstants.DUST_DENSITY_COEFF * System.Math.Sqrt(star.SM) * System.Math.Exp((-PhysicalConstants.ALPHA) * System.Math.Pow(p0.a, (1.0 / PhysicalConstants.N)));
p0.crit_mass = star.critical_limit(p0.a, p0.e);
disc.accrete_dust(p0);
if (p0.massOK())
coalesce_planetesimals(p0);
else
{
//System.out.println(".. failed due to large neighbor.");
}
}
}
}
int IComparer.Compare(object x, object y)
{
if ((x is Protoplanet) && (y is Protoplanet))
{
Protoplanet p1 = (Protoplanet)x;
Protoplanet p2 = (Protoplanet)y;
if (p1 == null && p2 == null)
{
return(0);
}
else if (p1 == null && p2 != null)
{
return((this.m_direction == SortDirection.Ascending) ? -1 : 1);
}
else if (p1 != null && p2 == null)
{
return((this.m_direction == SortDirection.Ascending) ? 1 : -1);
}
else
{
if (p1.a > 0 && p2.a > 0)
{
return((this.m_direction == SortDirection.Ascending) ?
p1.a.CompareTo(p2.a) :
p2.a.CompareTo(p1.a));
}
else
{
return(0);
}
}
}
else if ((x is Planet) && (y is Planet))
{
Planet p1 = (Planet)x;
Planet p2 = (Planet)y;
if (p1 == null && p2 == null)
{
return(0);
}
else if (p1 == null && p2 != null)
{
return((this.m_direction == SortDirection.Ascending) ? -1 : 1);
}
else if (p1 != null && p2 == null)
{
return((this.m_direction == SortDirection.Ascending) ? 1 : -1);
}
else
{
if (p1.a > 0 && p2.a > 0)
{
return((this.m_direction == SortDirection.Ascending) ?
p1.a.CompareTo(p2.a) :
p2.a.CompareTo(p1.a));
}
else
{
return(0);
}
}
}
else
{
return(0);
}
}
