private static X64StorageLocation GetFunctionReturnLocation(DataType returnType)
{
//ENUM is missing here because it is converted to int in previous step
if (returnType.Group == DataTypeGroup.ScalarInteger)
{
return(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64Register.GroupToSpecificRegister(X64RegisterGroup.A, returnType)));
}
else if (returnType.Kind == DataTypeKind.POINTER || returnType.Kind == DataTypeKind.ARRAY)
{
return(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64Register.RAX));
}
else if (returnType.Kind == DataTypeKind.BOOL)
{
return(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64DataTypeProperties.GetProperties(returnType.Kind).Accumulator));
}
else if (returnType.Group == DataTypeGroup.ScalarFloat)
{
return(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64Register.XMM0));
}
else if (returnType.Kind == DataTypeKind.VEC4F || returnType.Kind == DataTypeKind.VEC2D)
{
return(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64Register.XMM0));
}
else if (returnType.Kind == DataTypeKind.VEC8F || returnType.Kind == DataTypeKind.VEC4D)
{
return(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64Register.YMM0));
}
else if (returnType.Kind != DataTypeKind.VOID)
{
throw new Exception("Unknown function return type: " + returnType);
}
return(null);
}
public static void Move(List <string> output, DataType dataType, X64StorageLocation targetLocation, X64StorageLocation sourceLocation, bool includeOperandSize)
{
if (targetLocation.Equals(sourceLocation))
{
return;
}
var x64DataType = X64DataTypeProperties.GetProperties(dataType.Kind);
//Values on stack are not aligned, so we need to distinguish
X64Instruction instruction;
if (sourceLocation.IsMemory || targetLocation.IsMemory)
{
instruction = x64DataType.MoveInstructionUnaligned;
}
else
{
instruction = x64DataType.MoveInstructionAligned;
}
var targetLocStr = targetLocation.ToCode();
var sourceLocStr = sourceLocation.ToCode();
if (includeOperandSize)
{
if (targetLocation.IsMemory)
{
targetLocStr = x64DataType.OperandSize + " " + targetLocStr;
}
if (sourceLocation.IsMemory)
{
sourceLocStr = x64DataType.OperandSize + " " + sourceLocStr;
}
}
if (sourceLocation.IsMemory && targetLocation.IsMemory)
{
//Cannot directly move between two memory locations, need to use accumulator register as temp location and do it in two steps
var accLocation = X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(x64DataType.Accumulator);
output.Add(X64CodeFormat.FormatOperation(instruction, accLocation.ToCode(), sourceLocStr));
output.Add(X64CodeFormat.FormatOperation(instruction, targetLocStr, accLocation.ToCode()));
}
else
{
output.Add(X64CodeFormat.FormatOperation(instruction, targetLocStr, sourceLocStr));
}
}
public static void Move(List <string> output, DataType dataType, X64StorageLocation targetLocation, X64StorageLocation sourceLocation)
{
Move(output, dataType, targetLocation, sourceLocation, false);
}
public static string FormatOperation(X64Instruction instruction, X64StorageLocation operand1, X64StorageLocation operand2, X64StorageLocation operand3)
{
return(instruction.Name + " " + operand1.ToCode() + ", " + operand2.ToCode() + ", " + operand3.ToCode());
}
public static string FormatOperation(X64Instruction instruction, X64StorageLocation operand)
{
return(instruction.Name + " " + operand.ToCode());
}
public X64FunctionFrame CreateFunctionScope(IMFunction function)
{
var registerPool = new X64RegisterPool();
var locationMap = new Dictionary <string, X64StorageLocation>();
//First the parameters
var paramFrame = GetParameterFrame(function.Definition);
var paramIndex = 1;
foreach (var location in paramFrame.ParameterLocations)
{
var name = IMOperand.ParameterPrefix + paramIndex;
var realLocation = location;
//If parameter is on stack, calculate correct offset (+16, 8 saved RBP + 8 return address)
if (realLocation.Kind == X64StorageLocationKind.StackFromTop)
{
realLocation = X64StorageLocation.StackFromBase(location.Offset + 16);
}
locationMap.Add(name, realLocation);
if (realLocation.Kind == X64StorageLocationKind.Register)
{
registerPool.Use(realLocation.Register);
}
paramIndex += 1;
}
//If return value is stored in register, make sure it is reserved
var returnLocation = GetFunctionReturnLocation(function.Definition);
if (returnLocation != null)
{
if (returnLocation.Kind == X64StorageLocationKind.Register)
{
registerPool.Use(returnLocation.Register);
}
}
//Gather list of operands that are referenced with LEA instruction. Those cannot be in registers.
var referencedOperands = new HashSet <string>();
foreach (var operation in function.Body)
{
if (operation.Instruction.Kind == IMInstructionKind.LEA)
{
var source = operation.Operands[1];
referencedOperands.Add(source.FullName);
}
}
//Now the local variables. Intentionally do no look into sub-values. These must be "defined" before already.
var usedNonVolatileRegisters = new HashSet <X64RegisterGroup>();
var usesDynamicStack = false;
var stackOffset = 0L;
foreach (var operation in function.Body)
{
if (operation.Instruction.Kind == IMInstructionKind.FREE)
{
var operand = operation.Operands[0];
var location = locationMap[operand.FullName];
if (location.Kind == X64StorageLocationKind.Register)
{
registerPool.Free(location.Register);
}
}
else
{
foreach (var operand in operation.Operands)
{
if (operand != null && !locationMap.ContainsKey(operand.FullName))
{
if (operand.Kind == IMOperandKind.Local)
{
X64Register register = null;
if (!referencedOperands.Contains(operand.FullName))
{
//"Take" returns null if no register available or data type cannot be stored in register (structures)
register = registerPool.Take(operand.DataType);
}
X64StorageLocation location = null;
if (register != null)
{
location = X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(register);
if (!register.IsVolatile)
{
usedNonVolatileRegisters.Add(register.Group);
}
}
else
{
//If no register, use stack
stackOffset += operand.DataType.ByteSize;
location = X64StorageLocation.StackFromBase(-stackOffset);
}
Assert.True(location != null, "No location found for operand!");
locationMap.Add(operand.FullName, location);
}
else if (operand.Kind == IMOperandKind.Reference)
{
var addressLocation = locationMap[operand.ChildValue.FullName];
Assert.True(addressLocation.Kind == X64StorageLocationKind.Register, "Address location for reference operand must be in register!");
locationMap.Add(operand.FullName, X64StorageLocation.HeapInRegister(addressLocation.Register, 0));
}
}
}
}
//Reserve space for static stack allocation (size known at compile time)
if (operation.Instruction.Kind == IMInstructionKind.SALOC)
{
var target = operation.Operands[0];
var sizeOperand = operation.Operands[1];
if (sizeOperand.Kind == IMOperandKind.Immediate)
{
var numBytes = (long)sizeOperand.ImmediateValue;
//Increment stack offset first so target points to bottom of reserved memory.
stackOffset += numBytes;
var arrayLocation = X64StorageLocation.StackFromBase(-stackOffset);
locationMap.Add(IMOperand.GetMemLocationName(target), arrayLocation);
}
else
{
usesDynamicStack = true;
}
}
}
//Data Section (immediates)
var dataEntries = new List <Tuple <DataType, string> >();
foreach (var operation in function.Body)
{
//Vector constructor with all immediate values are handled specifically by native code generator, so skip them here
if (operation.Instruction.Kind == IMInstructionKind.GVEC)
{
var values = operation.Operands.GetRange(1, operation.Operands.Count - 1);
if (values.TrueForAll((v) => v.Kind == IMOperandKind.Immediate))
{
continue;
}
}
foreach (var operand in operation.Operands)
{
if (operand != null && !locationMap.ContainsKey(operand.FullName))
{
if (operand.Kind == IMOperandKind.Immediate)
{
var elementType = operand.DataType;
var x64ElementType = X64DataTypeProperties.GetProperties(elementType.Kind);
var valStr = x64ElementType.ImmediateValueToAsmCode(operand);
_immediateCounter += 1;
var immediateName = "imm_" + _immediateCounter;
var x64DataType = X64DataTypeProperties.GetProperties(operand.DataType.Kind);
var entry = immediateName + " " + x64DataType.ImmediateSize + " " + valStr;
dataEntries.Add(new Tuple <DataType, string>(operand.DataType, entry));
locationMap.Add(operand.FullName, X64StorageLocation.DataSection(immediateName));
}
}
}
}
//If stack is used, make sure size is multiple of 8
if (stackOffset > 0)
{
stackOffset = ((stackOffset / 8) + 1) * 8;
}
return(new X64FunctionFrame()
{
LocalsLocations = locationMap,
LocalsStackFrameSize = stackOffset,
ParameterStackFrameSize = paramFrame.ParameterStackSize,
DataEntries = dataEntries,
ReturnLocation = returnLocation,
UsesDynamicStackAllocation = usesDynamicStack,
UsedNonVolatileRegisters = usedNonVolatileRegisters
});
}
/// <summary>
/// Get storage locations for parameter of given function.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="function">The function.</param>
/// <returns>List of locations in the order of the parameters.</returns>
public X64ParameterFrame GetParameterFrame(List <DataType> parameterTypes)
{
//TODO: Variadic functions have a special parameter passing convention. See MS x64 calling convention docs.
var locations = new List <X64StorageLocation>();
const long alignment = 8;
long paramOffset = 0;
for (int p = 0; p < parameterTypes.Count; p++)
{
var paramType = parameterTypes[p];
switch (paramType.Kind)
{
case DataTypeKind.I8:
case DataTypeKind.I16:
case DataTypeKind.I32:
case DataTypeKind.I64:
case DataTypeKind.U8:
case DataTypeKind.U16:
case DataTypeKind.U32:
case DataTypeKind.U64:
case DataTypeKind.BOOL:
case DataTypeKind.POINTER:
case DataTypeKind.ARRAY:
case DataTypeKind.CHAR8:
case DataTypeKind.STRING8:
if (p < _generalPurposeParameterRegisters.Length)
{
var group = _generalPurposeParameterRegisters[p];
locations.Add(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64Register.GroupToSpecificRegister(group, paramType)));
}
else
{
locations.Add(X64StorageLocation.StackFromBase(-paramOffset));
//Parameter value on stack must be 8 byte aligned
paramOffset += (paramType.ByteSize & -alignment) + alignment;
}
break;
case DataTypeKind.F32:
case DataTypeKind.F64:
if (p < _floatVectorParameterRegisters.Length)
{
var group = _floatVectorParameterRegisters[p];
locations.Add(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64Register.GroupToSpecificRegister(group, paramType)));
}
else
{
locations.Add(X64StorageLocation.StackFromBase(-paramOffset));
//Parameter value on stck must be 8 byte aligned
paramOffset += (paramType.ByteSize & -alignment) + alignment;
}
break;
case DataTypeKind.VEC4F:
case DataTypeKind.VEC8F:
case DataTypeKind.VEC2D:
case DataTypeKind.VEC4D:
//This differs from Win64 calling convention. The registers are there, why not use them?
//TODO: Use correct Win64 calling convetion for external functions!
if (p < _floatVectorParameterRegisters.Length)
{
var group = _floatVectorParameterRegisters[p];
locations.Add(X64StorageLocation.AsRegister(X64Register.GroupToSpecificRegister(group, paramType)));
}
else
{
locations.Add(X64StorageLocation.StackFromBase(-paramOffset));
//No alignment required here, as the vectors are already either 16 or 32 byte, which are multiples of 8
paramOffset += paramType.ByteSize;
}
break;
default:
throw new Exception("Unknown/invalid parameter data type: " + paramType);
}
}
var paramStackSize = paramOffset;
//Reverse stack offsets as they are addressed from RSP, not RBP
for (int i = locations.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
var location = locations[i];
if (location.Kind == X64StorageLocationKind.StackFromBase)
{
locations[i] = X64StorageLocation.StackFromTop(paramStackSize + location.Offset);
}
}
//We always need the shadow space for the first four register parameters, so add it here to the total parameter stack size.
//The offsets of the parameters calculated above are still correct, because the shadow space is before those!
var stackSize = paramStackSize + 32;
return(new X64ParameterFrame
{
ParameterLocations = locations,
ParameterStackSize = stackSize
});
}