Symbol Character Placement Program. Adapted from Annex M.1 in ISO/IEC 16022:2000(E).
      public BitMatrix encode(String contents, BarcodeFormat format, int width, int height, IDictionary<EncodeHintType, object> hints)
      {
         if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(contents))
         {
            throw new ArgumentException("Found empty contents", contents);
         }

         if (format != BarcodeFormat.DATA_MATRIX)
         {
            throw new ArgumentException("Can only encode DATA_MATRIX, but got " + format);
         }

         if (width < 0 || height < 0)
         {
            throw new ArgumentException("Requested dimensions are too small: " + width + 'x' + height);
         }

         // Try to get force shape & min / max size
         var shape = SymbolShapeHint.FORCE_NONE;
         var defaultEncodation = Encodation.ASCII;
         Dimension minSize = null;
         Dimension maxSize = null;
         if (hints != null)
         {
            if (hints.ContainsKey(EncodeHintType.DATA_MATRIX_SHAPE))
            {
               var requestedShape = hints[EncodeHintType.DATA_MATRIX_SHAPE];
               if (requestedShape is SymbolShapeHint)
               {
                  shape = (SymbolShapeHint)requestedShape;
               }
               else
               {
                  SymbolShapeHint requestedShapeEnum;
                  if (Enum.TryParse(requestedShape.ToString(), out requestedShapeEnum))
                     shape = requestedShapeEnum;
               }
            }
            var requestedMinSize = hints.ContainsKey(EncodeHintType.MIN_SIZE) ? hints[EncodeHintType.MIN_SIZE] as Dimension : null;
            if (requestedMinSize != null)
            {
               minSize = requestedMinSize;
            }
            var requestedMaxSize = hints.ContainsKey(EncodeHintType.MAX_SIZE) ? hints[EncodeHintType.MAX_SIZE] as Dimension : null;
            if (requestedMaxSize != null)
            {
               maxSize = requestedMaxSize;
            }
            if (hints.ContainsKey(EncodeHintType.DATA_MATRIX_DEFAULT_ENCODATION))
            {
               var requestedDefaultEncodation = hints[EncodeHintType.DATA_MATRIX_DEFAULT_ENCODATION];
               if (requestedDefaultEncodation != null)
               {
                  defaultEncodation = Convert.ToInt32(requestedDefaultEncodation.ToString());
               }
            }
         }


         //1. step: Data encodation
         String encoded = HighLevelEncoder.encodeHighLevel(contents, shape, minSize, maxSize, defaultEncodation);

         SymbolInfo symbolInfo = SymbolInfo.lookup(encoded.Length, shape, minSize, maxSize, true);

         //2. step: ECC generation
         String codewords = ErrorCorrection.encodeECC200(encoded, symbolInfo);

         //3. step: Module placement in Matrix
         var placement =
             new DefaultPlacement(codewords, symbolInfo.getSymbolDataWidth(), symbolInfo.getSymbolDataHeight());
         placement.place();

         //4. step: low-level encoding
         return encodeLowLevel(placement, symbolInfo);
      }
      /// <summary>
      /// Encode the given symbol info to a bit matrix.
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="placement">The DataMatrix placement.</param>
      /// <param name="symbolInfo">The symbol info to encode.</param>
      /// <returns>The bit matrix generated.</returns>
      private static BitMatrix encodeLowLevel(DefaultPlacement placement, SymbolInfo symbolInfo)
      {
         int symbolWidth = symbolInfo.getSymbolDataWidth();
         int symbolHeight = symbolInfo.getSymbolDataHeight();

         var matrix = new ByteMatrix(symbolInfo.getSymbolWidth(), symbolInfo.getSymbolHeight());

         int matrixY = 0;

         for (int y = 0; y < symbolHeight; y++)
         {
            // Fill the top edge with alternate 0 / 1
            int matrixX;
            if ((y % symbolInfo.matrixHeight) == 0)
            {
               matrixX = 0;
               for (int x = 0; x < symbolInfo.getSymbolWidth(); x++)
               {
                  matrix.set(matrixX, matrixY, (x % 2) == 0);
                  matrixX++;
               }
               matrixY++;
            }
            matrixX = 0;
            for (int x = 0; x < symbolWidth; x++)
            {
               // Fill the right edge with full 1
               if ((x % symbolInfo.matrixWidth) == 0)
               {
                  matrix.set(matrixX, matrixY, true);
                  matrixX++;
               }
               matrix.set(matrixX, matrixY, placement.getBit(x, y));
               matrixX++;
               // Fill the right edge with alternate 0 / 1
               if ((x % symbolInfo.matrixWidth) == symbolInfo.matrixWidth - 1)
               {
                  matrix.set(matrixX, matrixY, (y % 2) == 0);
                  matrixX++;
               }
            }
            matrixY++;
            // Fill the bottom edge with full 1
            if ((y % symbolInfo.matrixHeight) == symbolInfo.matrixHeight - 1)
            {
               matrixX = 0;
               for (int x = 0; x < symbolInfo.getSymbolWidth(); x++)
               {
                  matrix.set(matrixX, matrixY, true);
                  matrixX++;
               }
               matrixY++;
            }
         }

         return convertByteMatrixToBitMatrix(matrix);
      }