/// <summary>
/// Decodes an instruction.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="code">X86 binary code.</param>
/// <param name="startIndex">Index of the first byte to start
/// decoding.</param>
/// <param name="context">Decoding context.</param>
/// <returns>The decoded instruction.</returns>
/// <exception cref="InvalidInstructionException">If decoding failed.
/// </exception>
public Instruction Decode(
byte[] code,
int startIndex,
int count,
DecoderContext context)
{
Instruction instruction = new Instruction();
// Create an instruction reader.
InstructionReader reader = new InstructionReader(code, startIndex, count);
// Reset the context.
context.AddressSize = CpuSize.Use16Bit;
context.OperandSize = CpuSize.Use16Bit;
context.SegmentOverride = Register.None;
// Decode prefixes.
Prefixes prefix = DecodeLegacyPrefixes(reader);
if ((prefix & Prefixes.OperandSizeOverride) != 0)
{
context.OperandSize = CpuSize.Use32Bit;
}
if ((prefix & Prefixes.AddressSizeOverride) != 0)
{
context.AddressSize = CpuSize.Use32Bit;
}
if ((prefix & Prefixes.Group2) != 0)
{
Register seg = Register.None;
switch (prefix & Prefixes.Group2)
{
case Prefixes.ES: seg = Register.ES; break;
case Prefixes.CS: seg = Register.CS; break;
case Prefixes.SS: seg = Register.SS; break;
case Prefixes.DS: seg = Register.DS; break;
case Prefixes.FS: seg = Register.FS; break;
case Prefixes.GS: seg = Register.GS; break;
}
context.SegmentOverride = seg;
}
instruction.Prefix = prefix;
// Decode the opcode to retrieve opcode specification.
Op spec = DecodeOpcode(reader);
instruction.Operation = spec.Operation;
// Decode operands.
instruction.Operands = new Operand[spec.Operands.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < spec.Operands.Length; i++)
{
instruction.Operands[i] =
DecodeOperand(spec.Operands[i], reader, context);
}
// Update the encoded length of the instruction.
instruction.EncodedLength = reader.Position;
//instruction.Location = location;
return instruction;
}
static Operand DecodeOperand(O spec,
InstructionReader reader, DecoderContext context)
{
int number;
CpuSize size;
switch (spec)
{
case O.Imm0:
case O.Imm1:
case O.Imm2:
case O.Imm3:
return new ImmediateOperand(spec - O.Imm0, CpuSize.Use8Bit);
case O.ES:
case O.CS:
case O.SS:
case O.DS:
return CreateRegisterOperand(
RegisterType.Segment,
spec - O.ES,
CpuSize.Use16Bit);
case O.AL:
case O.CL:
case O.DL:
case O.BL:
return CreateRegisterOperand(
RegisterType.General,
spec - O.AL,
CpuSize.Use8Bit);
case O.AH:
case O.CH:
case O.DH:
case O.BH:
return CreateRegisterOperand(
RegisterType.HighByte,
spec - O.AH,
CpuSize.Use8Bit);
case O.AX:
case O.CX:
case O.DX:
case O.BX:
case O.SP:
case O.BP:
case O.SI:
case O.DI:
return CreateRegisterOperand(
RegisterType.General,
spec - O.AX,
CpuSize.Use16Bit);
case O.eAX:
case O.eCX:
case O.eDX:
case O.eBX:
case O.eSP:
case O.eBP:
case O.eSI:
case O.eDI:
number = spec - O.eAX;
size = (context.OperandSize == CpuSize.Use16Bit) ?
CpuSize.Use16Bit : CpuSize.Use32Bit;
return CreateRegisterOperand(RegisterType.General, number, size);
case O.rAX:
case O.rCX:
case O.rDX:
case O.rBX:
case O.rSP:
case O.rBP:
case O.rSI:
case O.rDI:
number = spec - O.rAX;
return CreateRegisterOperand(RegisterType.General, number, context.OperandSize);
case O.ST0:
return new RegisterOperand(Register.ST0);
case O.Ap: // off:seg encoded in the instruction
if (context.OperandSize != CpuSize.Use16Bit)
{
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
else
{
var off = reader.ReadImmediate(CpuSize.Use16Bit);
var seg = reader.ReadImmediate(CpuSize.Use16Bit);
return new PointerOperand(
new Operand.LocationAware<UInt16>(seg.Location, (UInt16)seg.Value),
new Operand.LocationAware<UInt32>(off.Location, (UInt16)off.Value));
}
case O.Eb: // r/m; 8-bit
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.General, CpuSize.Use8Bit, context);
case O.Ep: // r/m; contains far ptr
if (context.OperandSize != CpuSize.Use16Bit)
throw new NotSupportedException();
// TBD: operand size? address size?
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.General, CpuSize.Use16Bit, context);
case O.Ev: // r/m; 16, 32, or 64 bit
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.General, context.OperandSize, context);
case O.Ew: // r/m; 16-bit
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.General, CpuSize.Use16Bit, context);
case O.Fv: // FLAGS/EFLAGS/RFLAGS
return new RegisterOperand(Register.FLAGS.Resize(context.OperandSize));
case O.Gb: // general-purpose register; byte
return DecodeRegisterOperand(reader, RegisterType.General, CpuSize.Use8Bit, context);
case O.Gv: // general-purpose register; 16, 32, or 64 bit
return DecodeRegisterOperand(reader, RegisterType.General, context.OperandSize, context);
case O.Gw: // general-purpose register; 16-bit
return DecodeRegisterOperand(reader, RegisterType.General, CpuSize.Use16Bit, context);
case O.Gz: // general-purpose register; 16 or 32 bit
return DecodeRegisterOperand(
reader,
RegisterType.General,
context.OperandSize == CpuSize.Use16Bit ? CpuSize.Use16Bit : CpuSize.Use32Bit,
context);
case O.Ib: // immediate; byte
return DecodeImmediateOperand(reader, CpuSize.Use8Bit);
case O.Iw: // immediate; 16 bit
return DecodeImmediateOperand(reader, CpuSize.Use16Bit);
case O.Iv: // immediate, 16, 32, or 64 bit
return DecodeImmediateOperand(reader, context.OperandSize);
case O.Iz: // immediate, 16 or 32 bit
return DecodeImmediateOperand(reader,
(context.OperandSize == CpuSize.Use16Bit) ?
CpuSize.Use16Bit : CpuSize.Use32Bit);
case O.Jb: // immediate encodes relative offset; byte
return DecodeRelativeOperand(reader, CpuSize.Use8Bit);
case O.Jz: // immediate encodes relative offset; 16 or 32 bit
return DecodeRelativeOperand(reader,
(context.OperandSize == CpuSize.Use16Bit) ?
CpuSize.Use16Bit : CpuSize.Use32Bit);
case O.M_: // r/m must refer to memory; contains void pointer
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Default, context);
case O.Ma: // r/m must refer to memory; contains a pair of words or dwords
// TODO: handle 32-bit
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use32Bit, context);
case O.Mp: // r/m must refer to memory; contains far pointer
// seg:ptr of 32, 48, or 80 bits.
if (context.OperandSize != CpuSize.Use16Bit)
throw new NotSupportedException();
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use32Bit, context);
case O.Mb: // r/m refers to memory; byte
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use8Bit, context);
case O.Mw: // r/m refers to memory; word
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use16Bit, context);
case O.Md: // r/m refers to memory; dword
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use32Bit, context);
case O.Mq:
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use64Bit, context);
case O.M14or28b: // r/m refers to memory; 14 or 28 bytes
// TODO: we actually need to check the CPU operation mode,
// not the operand-size attribute.
return DecodeMemoryOperand(
reader,
RegisterType.None,
(context.OperandSize == CpuSize.Use16Bit) ?
CpuSize.Use14Bytes : CpuSize.Use28Bytes,
context);
case O.M32fp: // r/m refers to memory; single-precision float
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use32Bit, context);
case O.M64fp: // r/m refers to memory; double-precision float
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use64Bit, context);
case O.M80fp: // r/m refers to memory; extended-precision float
return DecodeMemoryOperand(reader, RegisterType.None, CpuSize.Use80Bit, context);
case O.Ob: // absolute address (w/o segment); byte
// TODO: check 64-bit mode behavior
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = CpuSize.Use8Bit,
Displacement = reader.ReadImmediate(context.AddressSize),
// Segment = Register.DS,
};
case O.Ov: // absolute address (w/o segment); 16, 32, or 64 bit
// TODO: check 64-bit mode behavior
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = context.OperandSize,
Displacement = reader.ReadImmediate(context.AddressSize),
// Segment = Register.DS,
};
case O.Sw: // REG(modrm) selects segment register
return DecodeRegisterOperand(reader, RegisterType.Segment, CpuSize.Use16Bit, context);
case O.T80fp: // r/m selects x87 FPU register ST0-ST7
return CreateRegisterOperand(RegisterType.Fpu, reader.GetModRM().RM, CpuSize.Use80Bit);
case O.Xb: // memory addressed by DS:rSI; byte
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = CpuSize.Use8Bit,
Segment = Register.DS,
Base = Register.SI.Resize(context.AddressSize)
};
case O.Xv: // memory addressed by DS:rSI; 16, 32, or 64 bit
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = context.OperandSize,
Segment = Register.DS,
Base = Register.SI.Resize(context.AddressSize)
};
case O.Xz: // memory addressed by DS:rSI; 16 or 32 bit
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = CpuSize.Use16Bit, // TODO: handle 32 bit
Segment = Register.DS,
Base = Register.SI.Resize(context.AddressSize)
};
case O.Yb: // memory addressed by ES:rDI; byte
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = CpuSize.Use8Bit,
Segment = Register.ES,
Base = Register.DI.Resize(context.AddressSize)
};
case O.Yv: // memory addressed by ES:rDI; 16, 32, or 64 bit
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = context.OperandSize,
Segment = Register.ES,
Base = Register.DI.Resize(context.AddressSize)
};
case O.Yz: // memory addressed by ES:rDI; 16 or 32 bit
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = CpuSize.Use16Bit, // TODO: handle 32 bit
Segment = Register.ES,
Base = Register.DI.Resize(context.AddressSize)
};
case O._XLAT:
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = CpuSize.Use8Bit,
Segment = context.SegmentOverride,
Base = (context.AddressSize == CpuSize.Use16Bit) ?
Register.BX : Register.EBX
};
default:
throw new NotImplementedException(
"DecodeOperand() is not implemented for operand type " + spec.ToString());
}
}
static RelativeOperand DecodeRelativeOperand(InstructionReader reader, CpuSize size)
{
return new RelativeOperand(reader.ReadImmediate(size));
}
static ImmediateOperand DecodeImmediateOperand(InstructionReader reader, CpuSize size)
{
return new ImmediateOperand(reader.ReadImmediate(size), size);
}
// Note: we need to take into account OperandSizeOverride and
// AddressSizeOverride!!!!!!
/// <summary>
/// Decodes a memory operand encoded by the ModRM byte, SIB byte, and
/// Displacement, or a register operand if MOD=3 and registerType is
/// specified.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="reader">Instruction reader.</param>
/// <param name="registerType">Type of the register to return if the
/// Mod field of the ModR/M byte is 3. If this parameter is set to
/// RegisterType.None, an exception is thrown if Mod=3.</param>
/// <param name="operandSize">Size of the returned operand.</param>
/// <param name="context">Decoding context.</param>
/// <returns>The decoded memory or register operand.</returns>
/// <exception cref="InvalidInstructionException">If registerType is
/// set to None but the ModR/M byte encodes a register.</exception>
static Operand DecodeMemoryOperand(
InstructionReader reader,
RegisterType registerType,
CpuSize operandSize,
DecoderContext context)
{
if (context.CpuMode == CpuMode.X64Mode)
throw new NotSupportedException();
//if (operandSize == CpuSize.Default)
// throw new ArgumentException("operandSize is not specified.");
if (context.AddressSize != CpuSize.Use16Bit)
throw new NotSupportedException("32-bit addressing mode is not supported.");
ModRM modrm = reader.GetModRM();
int rm = modrm.RM;
int mod = modrm.MOD;
// Decode a register if MOD = (11).
if (mod == 3)
{
// If the instruction expects a memory operand, throw an exception.
if (registerType == RegisterType.None)
{
throw new InvalidInstructionException(
"The instruction expects a memory operand, but the ModR/M byte encodes a register.");
}
// Treat AH-DH specially.
if (registerType == RegisterType.General &&
operandSize == CpuSize.Use8Bit &&
rm >= 4)
{
return new RegisterOperand(new Register(
RegisterType.HighByte,
rm - 4,
CpuSize.Use8Bit));
}
else
{
return new RegisterOperand(new Register(registerType, rm, operandSize));
}
}
// Take into account segment override prefix if present.
Register segment = context.SegmentOverride;
// Special treatment for MOD = (00) and RM = (110).
// This encodes a 16-bit sign-extended displacement.
if (mod == 0 && rm == 6)
{
return new MemoryOperand
{
Size = operandSize,
Segment = segment,
Displacement = reader.ReadImmediate(CpuSize.Use16Bit)
};
}
/* Decode an indirect memory address XX[+YY][+disp]. */
MemoryOperand mem = new MemoryOperand();
mem.Size = operandSize;
mem.Segment = segment;
switch (rm)
{
case 0: /* [BX+SI] */
mem.Base = Register.BX;
mem.Index = Register.SI;
break;
case 1: /* [BX+DI] */
mem.Base = Register.BX;
mem.Index = Register.DI;
break;
case 2: /* [BP+SI] */
mem.Base = Register.BP;
mem.Index = Register.SI;
break;
case 3: /* [BP+DI] */
mem.Base = Register.BP;
mem.Index = Register.DI;
break;
case 4: /* [SI] */
mem.Base = Register.SI;
break;
case 5: /* [DI] */
mem.Base = Register.DI;
break;
case 6: /* [BP] */
mem.Base = Register.BP;
break;
case 7: /* [BX] */
mem.Base = Register.BX;
break;
}
if (mod == 1) /* disp8, sign-extended */
{
mem.Displacement = reader.ReadImmediate(CpuSize.Use8Bit);
}
else if (mod == 2) /* disp16, sign-extended */
{
mem.Displacement = reader.ReadImmediate(CpuSize.Use16Bit);
}
return mem;
}
/// <summary>
/// Decodes a register operand from the REG field of the ModR/M byte.
/// Since the REG field only contains the register number, additional
/// parameters are used to determine the register's type and size.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="reader">Instruction reader.</param>
/// <param name="registerType">Type of the register to return.</param>
/// <param name="operandSize">Size of the register to return.</param>
/// <param name="context">Decoding context.</param>
/// <returns>The decoded register operand.</returns>
private static RegisterOperand DecodeRegisterOperand(
InstructionReader reader,
RegisterType registerType,
CpuSize operandSize,
DecoderContext context)
{
if (context.CpuMode == CpuMode.X64Mode)
throw new NotSupportedException();
if (operandSize == CpuSize.Default)
throw new ArgumentException("operandSize is not specified.");
int reg = reader.GetModRM().REG;
if (registerType == RegisterType.General &&
operandSize == CpuSize.Use8Bit &&
reg >= 4)
{
return new RegisterOperand(new Register(
RegisterType.HighByte,
reg - 4,
CpuSize.Use8Bit));
}
return new RegisterOperand(new Register(registerType, reg, operandSize));
}
private Op DecodeFpuOpcode(InstructionReader reader, byte firstByte)
{
ModRM modrm = reader.GetModRM();
int mod = modrm.MOD;
int reg = modrm.REG;
int rm = modrm.RM;
Op x = Op.Empty;
switch (firstByte)
{
case 0xD8:
if (mod == 3)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FADD, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FMUL, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FCOM, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FCOMP, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FSUB, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FSUBR, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FDIV, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FDIVR, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
}
}
else
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FADD, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FMUL, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FCOM, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FCOMP, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FSUB, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FSUBR, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FDIV, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FDIVR, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
}
}
break;
case 0xD9:
if (mod == 3)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FLD, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FXCH, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 2:
switch (rm)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FNOP); break;
}
break;
case 3: break;
case 4:
switch (rm)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FCHS); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FABS); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FTST); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FXAM); break;
}
break;
case 5:
switch (rm)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FLD1); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FLDL2T); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FLDL2E); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FLDPI); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FLDLG2); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FLDLN2); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FLDZ); break;
}
break;
case 6:
switch (rm)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.F2XM1); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FYL2X); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FPTAN); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FPATAN); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FXTRACT); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FPREM1); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FDECSTP); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FINCSTP); break;
}
break;
case 7:
switch (rm)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FPREM); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FYL2XP1); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FSQRT); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FSINCOS); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FRNDINT); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FSCALE); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FSIN); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FCOS); break;
}
break;
}
}
else
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FLD, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 1: break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FST, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FSTP, O.ST0, O.M32fp); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FLDENV, O.M14or28b); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FLDCW, O.Mw); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FSTENV, O.M14or28b); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FSTCW, O.Mw); break;
}
}
break;
case 0xDA:
if (mod == 3)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FCMOVB, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FCMOVE, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FCMOVBE, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FCMOVU, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 6:
switch (rm)
{
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FUCOMPP); break;
}
break;
}
}
else
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FIADD, O.ST0, O.Md); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FIMUL, O.ST0, O.Md); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FICOM, O.ST0, O.Md); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FICOMP, O.ST0, O.Md); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FISUB, O.ST0, O.Md); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FISUBR, O.ST0, O.Md); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FIDIV, O.ST0, O.Md); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FIDIVR, O.ST0, O.Md); break;
}
}
break;
case 0xDB:
if (mod == 3)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FCMOVNB, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FCMOVNE, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FCMOVNBE, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FCMOVNU, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 4:
switch (rm)
{
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FCLEX); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FINIT); break;
}
break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FUCOMI, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FCOMI, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 7: break;
}
}
else
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FILD, O.Md); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FISTTP, O.Md); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FIST, O.Md); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FISTP, O.Md); break;
case 4: break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FLD, O.M80fp); break;
case 6: break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FSTP, O.M80fp); break;
}
}
break;
case 0xDC:
if (mod == 3)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FADD,O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FMUL, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 2: break;
case 3: break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FSUBR, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FSUB, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FDIVR, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FDIV, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
}
}
else
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FADD, O.ST0, O.M64fp); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FMUL, O.ST0, O.M64fp); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FCOM, O.ST0, O.M64fp); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FCOMP, O.ST0, O.M64fp); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FSUB, O.ST0, O.M64fp); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FSUBR, O.ST0, O.M64fp); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FDIV, O.ST0, O.M64fp); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FDIVR, O.ST0, O.M64fp); break;
}
}
break;
case 0xDD:
if (mod == 3)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FFREE, O.T80fp); break;
case 1: break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FST, O.T80fp); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FSTP, O.T80fp); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FUCOM, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FUCOMP, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 6: break;
case 7: break;
}
}
else
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FLD, O.M64fp); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FISTTP, O.Mq); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FST, O.M64fp); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FSTP, O.M64fp); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FRSTOR, O.Mb); break; // TODO: should be 98/108 bytes
case 5: break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FSAVE, O.Mb); break; // TODO: should be 98/108 bytes
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FSTSW, O.Mw); break;
}
}
break;
case 0xDE:
if (mod == 3)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FADDP, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FMULP, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 2: break;
case 3:
switch (rm)
{
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FCOMPP); break;
}
break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FSUBRP, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FSUBP, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FDIVRP, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FDIVP, O.T80fp, O.ST0); break;
}
}
else
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FIADD, O.ST0, O.Mw); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FIMUL, O.ST0, O.Mw); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FICOM, O.ST0, O.Mw); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FICOMP, O.ST0, O.Mw); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FISUB, O.ST0, O.Mw); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FISUBR, O.ST0, O.Mw); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FIDIV, O.ST0, O.Mw); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FIDIVR, O.ST0, O.Mw); break;
}
}
break;
case 0xDF:
if (mod == 3)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: break;
case 1: break;
case 2: break;
case 3: break;
case 4:
switch (rm)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FSTSW, O.AX); break;
}
break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FUCOMIP, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FCOMIP, O.ST0, O.T80fp); break;
case 7: break;
}
}
else
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.FILD, O.Mw); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.FISTTP, O.Mw); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.FIST, O.Mw); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.FISTP, O.Mw); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.FBLD, O.M80fp); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.FILD, O.Mq); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.FBSTP, O.M80fp); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.FISTP, O.Mq); break;
}
}
break;
}
if (x.IsEmpty)
{
throw new InvalidInstructionException(string.Format(
"Invalid opcode: {0:X2} {1:X2}.",
firstByte, modrm.Value));
}
return x;
}
private Op DecodeOpcode(InstructionReader reader)
{
// Process the first byte of the opcode.
byte c = reader.PeekByte();
reader.ConsumeOpcodeByte();
// Find an opcode entry for this opcode, and return it if it's
// well-defined.
Op spec = OneByteOpcodeMap[c];
// Check opcode extensions.
if (spec.IsExtension)
{
int reg = reader.GetModRM().REG;
int mod = reader.GetModRM().MOD;
int rm = reader.GetModRM().RM;
Op x = new Op();
switch (spec.Extension)
{
case OpcodeExtension.Ext1:
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.ADD); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.OR); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.ADC); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.SBB); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.AND); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.SUB); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.XOR); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.CMP); break;
}
break;
case OpcodeExtension.Ext1A:
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.POP, O.Ev); break;
}
break;
case OpcodeExtension.Ext2:
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.ROL); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.ROR); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.RCL); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.RCR); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.SHL); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.SHR); break;
case 6: break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.SAR); break;
}
break;
case OpcodeExtension.Ext3:
if (c == 0xF6)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.TEST, O.Eb, O.Ib); break;
case 1: break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.NOT, O.Eb); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.NEG, O.Eb); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.MULB, O.Eb, O.AL); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.IMULB, O.Eb, O.AL); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.DIVB, O.Eb); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.IDIVB, O.Eb); break;
}
}
else if (c == 0xF7)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.TEST, O.Ev, O.Iz); break;
case 1: break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.NOT, O.Ev); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.NEG, O.Ev); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.MULW, O.Ev, O.rAX); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.IMULW, O.Ev, O.rAX); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.DIVW, O.Ev); break;
case 7: x = new Op(Operation.IDIVW, O.Ev); break;
}
}
break;
case OpcodeExtension.Ext4:
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.INC, O.Eb); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.DEC, O.Eb); break;
}
break;
case OpcodeExtension.Ext5:
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.INC, O.Ev); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.DEC, O.Ev); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.CALL, O.Ev); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.CALLF, O.Ep); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.JMP, O.Ev); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.JMPF, O.Mp); break;
case 6: x = new Op(Operation.PUSH, O.Ev); break;
case 7: break;
}
break;
case OpcodeExtension.Ext6:
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.SLDT, O.Rv, O.Mw); break;
case 1: x = new Op(Operation.STR, O.Rv, O.Mw); break;
case 2: x = new Op(Operation.LLDT, O.Ew); break;
case 3: x = new Op(Operation.LTR, O.Ew); break;
case 4: x = new Op(Operation.VERR, O.Ew); break;
case 5: x = new Op(Operation.VERW, O.Ew); break;
case 6: break;
case 7: break;
}
break;
case OpcodeExtension.Ext11:
if (c == 0xC6)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.MOV, O.Eb, O.Ib); break;
case 7:
if (mod == 3 && rm == 0)
x = new Op(Operation.XABORT, O.Ib);
break;
}
}
else if (c == 0xC7)
{
switch (reg)
{
case 0: x = new Op(Operation.MOV, O.Ev, O.Iz); break;
case 7:
if (mod == 3 && rm == 0)
x = new Op(Operation.XBEGIN, O.Jz);
break;
}
}
break;
case OpcodeExtension.Fpu:
return DecodeFpuOpcode(reader, c);
}
spec = x.MergeOperandsFrom(spec);
}
if (spec.Operation == Operation.None)
throw new InvalidInstructionException("Invalid opcode.");
return spec;
}
/// <summary>
/// Decodes legacy prefixes of an instruction. There are four groups
/// of legacy prefixes; at most one prefix from each group may be
/// present. The encoded prefixes may take zero to four bytes.
/// </summary>
/// <exception cref="InvalidInstructionException">
/// More than one prefix from the same group is present.
/// </exception>
/// <returns>The legacy prefixes, which may be None if no prefix is
/// present.</returns>
private Prefixes DecodeLegacyPrefixes(InstructionReader reader)
{
Prefixes prefix = Prefixes.None;
while (true)
{
Prefixes pfx = Prefixes.None;
Prefixes grp = Prefixes.None;
byte c = reader.PeekByte();
switch (c)
{
case 0xF0: pfx = Prefixes.LOCK; grp = Prefixes.Group1; break;
case 0xF2: pfx = Prefixes.REPNZ; grp = Prefixes.Group1; break;
case 0xF3: pfx = Prefixes.REP; grp = Prefixes.Group1; break;
case 0x2E: pfx = Prefixes.CS; grp = Prefixes.Group2; break;
case 0x36: pfx = Prefixes.SS; grp = Prefixes.Group2; break;
case 0x3E: pfx = Prefixes.DS; grp = Prefixes.Group2; break;
case 0x26: pfx = Prefixes.ES; grp = Prefixes.Group2; break;
case 0x64: pfx = Prefixes.FS; grp = Prefixes.Group2; break;
case 0x65: pfx = Prefixes.GS; grp = Prefixes.Group2; break;
case 0x66:
pfx = Prefixes.OperandSizeOverride;
grp = Prefixes.Group3;
break;
case 0x67:
pfx = Prefixes.AddressSizeOverride;
grp = Prefixes.Group4;
break;
}
if (pfx == Prefixes.None)
{
break;
}
if ((prefix & grp) != Prefixes.None)
{
throw new InvalidInstructionException(string.Format(
"The instruction contains multiple prefixes from {0}: {1} and {2}.",
grp, prefix & grp, pfx));
}
// Consume 1 byte.
reader.ConsumePrefixByte();
prefix |= pfx;
}
return prefix;
}