public LinearOpticalBench()
{
RefractiveIndexGlass = 1.52; // crown glass
RefractiveIndexAir = 1.00029;
RefractedDirection = direction;
Normal = new Vector(0.0, 100.0);
}
public void Update()
{
IntersectionResults.Clear();
IntersectionResult previousResult = new IntersectionResult()
{
OutgoingRay = new Ray(IncidentRay)
};
double lastRefractiveIndex = RefractiveIndices.AIR;
Vector translationFromLensCenter = new Vector(0.0, 0.0);
int maxIntersections = Elements.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < maxIntersections; i++)
{
IntersectionResult result = new IntersectionResult();
OpticalElement element = Elements[i];
result.IncidentRay = new Ray(previousResult.OutgoingRay);
Vector toLocal = element.TranslationToLocal();
// compute intersection
Point intersection = null;
Ray rayIncidentToElement = result.IncidentRay.Translate(translationFromLensCenter + toLocal);
result.Intersected = element.IntersectRay(rayIncidentToElement, out intersection);
result.Normal = Vector.FromPoint(intersection);
intersection = intersection - (translationFromLensCenter + toLocal);
if (!result.Intersected)
{
break;
}
result.Intersection = intersection;
// compute refracted ray
Vector outgoingDirection;
if (Math.Abs(lastRefractiveIndex - element.NextRefractiveIndex) > double.Epsilon)
{
outgoingDirection = result.IncidentRay.Direction.Length * Vector.refract(result.IncidentRay.Direction, result.Normal, lastRefractiveIndex, element.NextRefractiveIndex);
}
else
{
// there's no border between different media and thus no refraction
outgoingDirection = result.IncidentRay.Direction;
}
result.OutgoingRay = new Ray(result.Intersection, outgoingDirection);
result.Refracted = true; // TODO: differ refraction and TIR
IntersectionResults.Add(result);
previousResult = result;
lastRefractiveIndex = element.NextRefractiveIndex;
translationFromLensCenter.X += element.DistanceToNext;
}
}
public static double Dot(Vector v1, Vector v2)
{
return v1.X * v2.X + v1.Y * v2.Y;
}
public Vector(Vector vector)
: this(vector.X, vector.Y)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// Refract a ray on a border of different optical environments.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// In case of total internal reflection a zero vector is returned.
///
/// The code is based on the PBRT implementation.
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="incident">incident vector in the world coordinates</param>
/// <param name="normal">normal vector pointing outside the surface</param>
/// <param name="etaI">index of refraction of the outer medium</param>
/// <param name="etaT">index of refraction of the inner medium</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Vector refract(Vector incident, Vector normal, double etaI, double etaT)
{
Vector incidentNormalized = -incident.Normalize();
// transform incident vector to the local coordinates with normal = (0, 1)
double transformToLocalPhi = 0.5 * Math.PI - normal.Phi;
incidentNormalized.Phi += transformToLocalPhi;
// alpha = incident angle (incident vector to normal)
// beta = refracted angle (refracted vector to normal)
double cosi = incidentNormalized.Y;
bool entering = cosi > 0.0;
//// swap the indices of the ray is going from inside the surface
//double ei = entering ? etaI : etaT;
//double et = entering ? etaT : etaI;
double ei = etaI;
double et = etaT;
double sini2 = Math.Max(0.0, 1.0 - incidentNormalized.Y * incidentNormalized.Y);
double eta = ei / et;
double sint2 = eta * eta * sini2;
Vector refracted;
if (sint2 < 1.0)
{
// compute the refraction vector
double cost = Math.Sqrt(Math.Max(0.0, 1.0 - sint2));
if (entering)
{
cost = -cost;
}
double sintOverSini = eta;
refracted = new Vector(sintOverSini * -incidentNormalized.X, cost);
// transform back from the local coordinates
refracted.Phi -= transformToLocalPhi;
}
else
{
// total internal reflection
refracted = new Vector(incident);
refracted.Phi += transformToLocalPhi;
refracted.phi *= -1.0;
refracted.Phi -= transformToLocalPhi;
// or posibly return a dummy vector
//return new Vector(0.0, 0.0);
}
return refracted;
}
public override Vector TranslationToLocal()
{
Vector signedRadius = new Vector((Convex ? 1.0 : -1.0) * Radius, 0.0);
return signedRadius;
}
public static Point FromVector(Vector vector)
{
return new Point(vector.X, vector.Y);
}
public Ray Translate(Vector translation)
{
return new Ray(Origin + translation, Direction);
}
public Ray(Point origin, Vector direction)
{
Origin = new Point(origin);
Direction = new Vector(direction);
}