/// <summary>
/// This method will use User32 code to capture the specified captureBounds from the screen
/// </summary>
/// <param name="captureBounds">Rectangle with the bounds to capture</param>
/// <returns>Bitmap which is captured from the screen at the location specified by the captureBounds</returns>
public static Bitmap CaptureRectangle(Rectangle captureBounds)
{
Bitmap returnBitmap = null;
if (captureBounds.Height <= 0 || captureBounds.Width <= 0)
{
LOG.Warn("Nothing to capture, ignoring!");
return(null);
}
else
{
LOG.Debug("CaptureRectangle Called!");
}
// .NET GDI+ Solution, according to some post this has a GDI+ leak...
// See http://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/344752/gdi-object-leak-when-calling-graphics-copyfromscreen
// Bitmap capturedBitmap = new Bitmap(captureBounds.Width, captureBounds.Height);
// using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(capturedBitmap)) {
// graphics.CopyFromScreen(captureBounds.Location, Point.Empty, captureBounds.Size, CopyPixelOperation.CaptureBlt);
// }
// capture.Image = capturedBitmap;
// capture.Location = captureBounds.Location;
using (SafeWindowDCHandle desktopDCHandle = SafeWindowDCHandle.fromDesktop()) {
if (desktopDCHandle.IsInvalid)
{
// Get Exception before the error is lost
Exception exceptionToThrow = CreateCaptureException("desktopDCHandle", captureBounds);
// throw exception
throw exceptionToThrow;
}
// create a device context we can copy to
using (SafeCompatibleDCHandle safeCompatibleDCHandle = GDI32.CreateCompatibleDC(desktopDCHandle)) {
// Check if the device context is there, if not throw an error with as much info as possible!
if (safeCompatibleDCHandle.IsInvalid)
{
// Get Exception before the error is lost
Exception exceptionToThrow = CreateCaptureException("CreateCompatibleDC", captureBounds);
// throw exception
throw exceptionToThrow;
}
// Create BitmapInfoHeader for CreateDIBSection
BitmapInfoHeader bmi = new BitmapInfoHeader(captureBounds.Width, captureBounds.Height, 24);
// Make sure the last error is set to 0
Win32.SetLastError(0);
// create a bitmap we can copy it to, using GetDeviceCaps to get the width/height
IntPtr bits0; // not used for our purposes. It returns a pointer to the raw bits that make up the bitmap.
using (SafeDibSectionHandle safeDibSectionHandle = GDI32.CreateDIBSection(desktopDCHandle, ref bmi, BitmapInfoHeader.DIB_RGB_COLORS, out bits0, IntPtr.Zero, 0)) {
if (safeDibSectionHandle.IsInvalid)
{
// Get Exception before the error is lost
Exception exceptionToThrow = CreateCaptureException("CreateDIBSection", captureBounds);
exceptionToThrow.Data.Add("hdcDest", safeCompatibleDCHandle.DangerousGetHandle().ToInt32());
exceptionToThrow.Data.Add("hdcSrc", desktopDCHandle.DangerousGetHandle().ToInt32());
// Throw so people can report the problem
throw exceptionToThrow;
}
else
{
// select the bitmap object and store the old handle
using (SafeSelectObjectHandle selectObject = safeCompatibleDCHandle.SelectObject(safeDibSectionHandle)) {
// bitblt over (make copy)
GDI32.BitBlt(safeCompatibleDCHandle, 0, 0, captureBounds.Width, captureBounds.Height, desktopDCHandle, captureBounds.X, captureBounds.Y, CopyPixelOperation.SourceCopy | CopyPixelOperation.CaptureBlt);
}
// get a .NET image object for it
// A suggestion for the "A generic error occurred in GDI+." E_FAIL/0×80004005 error is to re-try...
bool success = false;
ExternalException exception = null;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
try {
// Collect all screens inside this capture
List <Screen> screensInsideCapture = new List <Screen>();
foreach (Screen screen in Screen.AllScreens)
{
if (screen.Bounds.IntersectsWith(captureBounds))
{
screensInsideCapture.Add(screen);
}
}
// Check all all screens are of an equal size
bool offscreenContent = false;
using (Region captureRegion = new Region(captureBounds)) {
// Exclude every visible part
foreach (Screen screen in screensInsideCapture)
{
captureRegion.Exclude(screen.Bounds);
}
// If the region is not empty, we have "offscreenContent"
using (Graphics screenGraphics = Graphics.FromHwnd(User32.GetDesktopWindow())) {
offscreenContent = !captureRegion.IsEmpty(screenGraphics);
}
}
// Check if we need to have a transparent background, needed for offscreen content
if (offscreenContent)
{
using (Bitmap tmpBitmap = Bitmap.FromHbitmap(safeDibSectionHandle.DangerousGetHandle())) {
// Create a new bitmap which has a transparent background
returnBitmap = ImageHelper.CreateEmpty(tmpBitmap.Width, tmpBitmap.Height, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb, Color.Transparent, tmpBitmap.HorizontalResolution, tmpBitmap.VerticalResolution);
// Content will be copied here
using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(returnBitmap)) {
// For all screens copy the content to the new bitmap
foreach (Screen screen in Screen.AllScreens)
{
Rectangle screenBounds = screen.Bounds;
// Make sure the bounds are offsetted to the capture bounds
screenBounds.Offset(-captureBounds.X, -captureBounds.Y);
graphics.DrawImage(tmpBitmap, screenBounds, screenBounds.X, screenBounds.Y, screenBounds.Width, screenBounds.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
}
}
}
}
else
{
// All screens, which are inside the capture, are of equal size
// assign image to Capture, the image will be disposed there..
returnBitmap = Bitmap.FromHbitmap(safeDibSectionHandle.DangerousGetHandle());
}
// We got through the capture without exception
success = true;
break;
} catch (ExternalException ee) {
LOG.Warn("Problem getting bitmap at try " + i + " : ", ee);
exception = ee;
}
}
if (!success)
{
LOG.Error("Still couldn't create Bitmap!");
throw exception;
}
}
}
}
}
return(returnBitmap);
}
/// <summary>
/// Write the images to the stream as icon
/// Every image is resized to 256x256 (but the content maintains the aspect ratio)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stream">Stream to write to</param>
/// <param name="images">List of images</param>
public static void WriteIcon(Stream stream, IList <Image> images)
{
var binaryWriter = new BinaryWriter(stream);
//
// ICONDIR structure
//
binaryWriter.Write((short)0); // reserved
binaryWriter.Write((short)1); // image type (icon)
binaryWriter.Write((short)images.Count); // number of images
IList <Size> imageSizes = new List <Size>();
IList <MemoryStream> encodedImages = new List <MemoryStream>();
foreach (var image in images)
{
// Pick the best fit
var sizes = new[] { 16, 32, 48 };
int size = 256;
foreach (var possibleSize in sizes)
{
if (image.Width <= possibleSize && image.Height <= possibleSize)
{
size = possibleSize;
break;
}
}
var imageStream = new MemoryStream();
if (image.Width == size && image.Height == size)
{
using (var clonedImage = ImageHelper.Clone(image, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb))
{
clonedImage.Save(imageStream, ImageFormat.Png);
imageSizes.Add(new Size(size, size));
}
}
else
{
// Resize to the specified size, first make sure the image is 32bpp
using (var clonedImage = ImageHelper.Clone(image, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb))
{
using (var resizedImage = ImageHelper.ResizeImage(clonedImage, true, true, Color.Empty, size, size, null))
{
resizedImage.Save(imageStream, ImageFormat.Png);
imageSizes.Add(resizedImage.Size);
}
}
}
imageStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
encodedImages.Add(imageStream);
}
//
// ICONDIRENTRY structure
//
const int iconDirSize = 6;
const int iconDirEntrySize = 16;
var offset = iconDirSize + (images.Count * iconDirEntrySize);
for (int i = 0; i < images.Count; i++)
{
var imageSize = imageSizes[i];
// Write the width / height, 0 means 256
binaryWriter.Write(imageSize.Width == 256 ? (byte)0 : (byte)imageSize.Width);
binaryWriter.Write(imageSize.Height == 256 ? (byte)0 : (byte)imageSize.Height);
binaryWriter.Write((byte)0); // no pallete
binaryWriter.Write((byte)0); // reserved
binaryWriter.Write((short)0); // no color planes
binaryWriter.Write((short)32); // 32 bpp
binaryWriter.Write((int)encodedImages[i].Length); // image data length
binaryWriter.Write(offset);
offset += (int)encodedImages[i].Length;
}
binaryWriter.Flush();
//
// Write image data
//
foreach (var encodedImage in encodedImages)
{
encodedImage.WriteTo(stream);
encodedImage.Dispose();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Saves image to stream with specified quality
/// To prevent problems with GDI version of before Windows 7:
/// the stream is checked if it's seekable and if needed a MemoryStream as "cache" is used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="imageToSave">image to save</param>
/// <param name="surface">surface for the elements, needed if the greenshot format is used</param>
/// <param name="stream">Stream to save to</param>
/// <param name="outputSettings">SurfaceOutputSettings</param>
public static void SaveToStream(Image imageToSave, ISurface surface, Stream stream, SurfaceOutputSettings outputSettings)
{
bool useMemoryStream = false;
MemoryStream memoryStream = null;
if (outputSettings.Format == OutputFormat.greenshot && surface == null)
{
throw new ArgumentException("Surface needs to be set when using OutputFormat.Greenshot");
}
try {
ImageFormat imageFormat;
switch (outputSettings.Format)
{
case OutputFormat.bmp:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Bmp;
break;
case OutputFormat.gif:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Gif;
break;
case OutputFormat.jpg:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Jpeg;
break;
case OutputFormat.tiff:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Tiff;
break;
case OutputFormat.ico:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Icon;
break;
default:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Png;
break;
}
Log.DebugFormat("Saving image to stream with Format {0} and PixelFormat {1}", imageFormat, imageToSave.PixelFormat);
// Check if we want to use a memory stream, to prevent issues with non seakable streams
// The save is made to the targetStream, this is directed to either the MemoryStream or the original
Stream targetStream = stream;
if (!stream.CanSeek)
{
useMemoryStream = true;
Log.Warn("Using memorystream prevent an issue with saving to a non seekable stream.");
memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
targetStream = memoryStream;
}
if (Equals(imageFormat, ImageFormat.Jpeg))
{
bool foundEncoder = false;
foreach (ImageCodecInfo imageCodec in ImageCodecInfo.GetImageEncoders())
{
if (imageCodec.FormatID == imageFormat.Guid)
{
EncoderParameters parameters = new EncoderParameters(1)
{
Param = { [0] = new EncoderParameter(Encoder.Quality, outputSettings.JPGQuality) }
};
// Removing transparency if it's not supported in the output
if (Image.IsAlphaPixelFormat(imageToSave.PixelFormat))
{
Image nonAlphaImage = ImageHelper.Clone(imageToSave, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
AddTag(nonAlphaImage);
nonAlphaImage.Save(targetStream, imageCodec, parameters);
nonAlphaImage.Dispose();
}
else
{
AddTag(imageToSave);
imageToSave.Save(targetStream, imageCodec, parameters);
}
foundEncoder = true;
break;
}
}
if (!foundEncoder)
{
throw new ApplicationException("No JPG encoder found, this should not happen.");
}
}
else if (Equals(imageFormat, ImageFormat.Icon))
{
// FEATURE-916: Added Icon support
IList <Image> images = new List <Image>();
images.Add(imageToSave);
WriteIcon(stream, images);
}
else
{
bool needsDispose = false;
// Removing transparency if it's not supported in the output
if (!Equals(imageFormat, ImageFormat.Png) && Image.IsAlphaPixelFormat(imageToSave.PixelFormat))
{
imageToSave = ImageHelper.Clone(imageToSave, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
needsDispose = true;
}
AddTag(imageToSave);
// Added for OptiPNG
bool processed = false;
if (Equals(imageFormat, ImageFormat.Png) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(CoreConfig.OptimizePNGCommand))
{
processed = ProcessPngImageExternally(imageToSave, targetStream);
}
if (!processed)
{
imageToSave.Save(targetStream, imageFormat);
}
if (needsDispose)
{
imageToSave.Dispose();
}
}
// If we used a memory stream, we need to stream the memory stream to the original stream.
if (useMemoryStream)
{
memoryStream.WriteTo(stream);
}
// Output the surface elements, size and marker to the stream
if (outputSettings.Format != OutputFormat.greenshot)
{
return;
}
using (MemoryStream tmpStream = new MemoryStream()) {
long bytesWritten = surface.SaveElementsToStream(tmpStream);
using (BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(tmpStream)) {
writer.Write(bytesWritten);
Version v = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Version;
byte[] marker = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes($"Greenshot{v.Major:00}.{v.Minor:00}");
writer.Write(marker);
tmpStream.WriteTo(stream);
}
}
}
finally
{
memoryStream?.Dispose();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Create an image from a surface with the settings from the output settings applied
/// </summary>
/// <param name="surface"></param>
/// <param name="outputSettings"></param>
/// <param name="imageToSave"></param>
/// <returns>true if the image must be disposed</returns>
public static bool CreateImageFromSurface(ISurface surface, SurfaceOutputSettings outputSettings, out Image imageToSave)
{
bool disposeImage = false;
if (outputSettings.Format == OutputFormat.greenshot || outputSettings.SaveBackgroundOnly)
{
// We save the image of the surface, this should not be disposed
imageToSave = surface.Image;
}
else
{
// We create the export image of the surface to save
imageToSave = surface.GetImageForExport();
disposeImage = true;
}
// The following block of modifications should be skipped when saving the greenshot format, no effects or otherwise!
if (outputSettings.Format == OutputFormat.greenshot)
{
return(disposeImage);
}
Image tmpImage;
if (outputSettings.Effects != null && outputSettings.Effects.Count > 0)
{
// apply effects, if there are any
using (Matrix matrix = new Matrix()) {
tmpImage = ImageHelper.ApplyEffects(imageToSave, outputSettings.Effects, matrix);
}
if (tmpImage != null)
{
if (disposeImage)
{
imageToSave.Dispose();
}
imageToSave = tmpImage;
disposeImage = true;
}
}
// check for color reduction, forced or automatically, only when the DisableReduceColors is false
if (outputSettings.DisableReduceColors || (!CoreConfig.OutputFileAutoReduceColors && !outputSettings.ReduceColors))
{
return(disposeImage);
}
bool isAlpha = Image.IsAlphaPixelFormat(imageToSave.PixelFormat);
if (outputSettings.ReduceColors || (!isAlpha && CoreConfig.OutputFileAutoReduceColors))
{
using (var quantizer = new WuQuantizer((Bitmap)imageToSave)) {
int colorCount = quantizer.GetColorCount();
Log.InfoFormat("Image with format {0} has {1} colors", imageToSave.PixelFormat, colorCount);
if (!outputSettings.ReduceColors && colorCount >= 256)
{
return(disposeImage);
}
try {
Log.Info("Reducing colors on bitmap to 256.");
tmpImage = quantizer.GetQuantizedImage(CoreConfig.OutputFileReduceColorsTo);
if (disposeImage)
{
imageToSave.Dispose();
}
imageToSave = tmpImage;
// Make sure the "new" image is disposed
disposeImage = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.Warn("Error occurred while Quantizing the image, ignoring and using original. Error: ", e);
}
}
}
else if (isAlpha && !outputSettings.ReduceColors)
{
Log.Info("Skipping 'optional' color reduction as the image has alpha");
}
return(disposeImage);
}
/// <summary>
/// Saves image to stream with specified quality
/// To prevent problems with GDI version of before Windows 7:
/// the stream is checked if it's seekable and if needed a MemoryStream as "cache" is used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="imageToSave">image to save</param>
/// <param name="surface">surface for the elements, needed if the greenshot format is used</param>
/// <param name="stream">Stream to save to</param>
/// <param name="outputSettings">SurfaceOutputSettings</param>
public static void SaveToStream(Image imageToSave, ISurface surface, Stream stream, SurfaceOutputSettings outputSettings)
{
ImageFormat imageFormat;
bool useMemoryStream = false;
MemoryStream memoryStream = null;
if (outputSettings.Format == OutputFormat.greenshot && surface == null)
{
throw new ArgumentException("Surface needs to be se when using OutputFormat.Greenshot");
}
try
{
switch (outputSettings.Format)
{
case OutputFormat.bmp:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Bmp;
break;
case OutputFormat.gif:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Gif;
break;
case OutputFormat.jpg:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Jpeg;
break;
case OutputFormat.tiff:
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Tiff;
break;
default:
// Problem with non-seekable streams most likely doesn't happen with Windows 7 (OS Version 6.1 and later)
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8349260/generic-gdi-error-on-one-machine-but-not-the-other
if (!stream.CanSeek)
{
int majorVersion = Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major;
int minorVersion = Environment.OSVersion.Version.Minor;
if (majorVersion < 6 || (majorVersion == 6 && minorVersion == 0))
{
useMemoryStream = true;
LOG.Warn("Using memorystream prevent an issue with saving to a non seekable stream.");
}
}
imageFormat = ImageFormat.Png;
break;
}
LOG.DebugFormat("Saving image to stream with Format {0} and PixelFormat {1}", imageFormat, imageToSave.PixelFormat);
// Check if we want to use a memory stream, to prevent a issue which happens with Windows before "7".
// The save is made to the targetStream, this is directed to either the MemoryStream or the original
Stream targetStream = stream;
if (useMemoryStream)
{
memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
targetStream = memoryStream;
}
if (Equals(imageFormat, ImageFormat.Jpeg))
{
bool foundEncoder = false;
foreach (ImageCodecInfo imageCodec in ImageCodecInfo.GetImageEncoders())
{
if (imageCodec.FormatID == imageFormat.Guid)
{
EncoderParameters parameters = new EncoderParameters(1);
parameters.Param[0] = new EncoderParameter(Encoder.Quality, outputSettings.JPGQuality);
// Removing transparency if it's not supported in the output
if (Image.IsAlphaPixelFormat(imageToSave.PixelFormat))
{
Image nonAlphaImage = ImageHelper.Clone(imageToSave, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
AddTag(nonAlphaImage);
nonAlphaImage.Save(targetStream, imageCodec, parameters);
nonAlphaImage.Dispose();
nonAlphaImage = null;
}
else
{
AddTag(imageToSave);
imageToSave.Save(targetStream, imageCodec, parameters);
}
foundEncoder = true;
break;
}
}
if (!foundEncoder)
{
throw new ApplicationException("No JPG encoder found, this should not happen.");
}
}
else
{
bool needsDispose = false;
// Removing transparency if it's not supported in the output
if (!Equals(imageFormat, ImageFormat.Png) && Image.IsAlphaPixelFormat(imageToSave.PixelFormat))
{
imageToSave = ImageHelper.Clone(imageToSave, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
needsDispose = true;
}
AddTag(imageToSave);
// Added for OptiPNG
bool processed = false;
if (Equals(imageFormat, ImageFormat.Png) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(conf.OptimizePNGCommand))
{
processed = ProcessPNGImageExternally(imageToSave, targetStream);
}
if (!processed)
{
imageToSave.Save(targetStream, imageFormat);
}
if (needsDispose)
{
imageToSave.Dispose();
imageToSave = null;
}
}
// If we used a memory stream, we need to stream the memory stream to the original stream.
if (useMemoryStream)
{
memoryStream.WriteTo(stream);
}
// Output the surface elements, size and marker to the stream
if (outputSettings.Format == OutputFormat.greenshot)
{
using (MemoryStream tmpStream = new MemoryStream())
{
long bytesWritten = surface.SaveElementsToStream(tmpStream);
using (BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(tmpStream))
{
writer.Write(bytesWritten);
Version v = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Version;
byte[] marker = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(String.Format("Greenshot{0:00}.{1:00}", v.Major, v.Minor));
writer.Write(marker);
tmpStream.WriteTo(stream);
}
}
}
}
finally
{
if (memoryStream != null)
{
memoryStream.Dispose();
}
}
}