/// <summary>
        /// Update a database record from the supplied data transfer object.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">
        /// The current transaction to the database.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="partition">
        /// The database partition (schema) where the requested resource will be updated.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="ordinalScale">
        /// The ordinalScale DTO that is to be updated.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="container">
        /// The container of the DTO to be updated.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// True if the concept was successfully updated.
        /// </returns>
        public virtual bool Update(NpgsqlTransaction transaction, string partition, CDP4Common.DTO.OrdinalScale ordinalScale, CDP4Common.DTO.Thing container = null)
        {
            bool isHandled;
            var  valueTypeDictionaryAdditions = new Dictionary <string, string>();
            var  beforeUpdate = this.BeforeUpdate(transaction, partition, ordinalScale, container, out isHandled, valueTypeDictionaryAdditions);

            if (!isHandled)
            {
                beforeUpdate = beforeUpdate && base.Update(transaction, partition, ordinalScale, container);

                var valueTypeDictionaryContents = new Dictionary <string, string>
                {
                    { "UseShortNameValues", !this.IsDerived(ordinalScale, "UseShortNameValues") ? ordinalScale.UseShortNameValues.ToString() : string.Empty },
                }.Concat(valueTypeDictionaryAdditions).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value);

                using (var command = new NpgsqlCommand())
                {
                    var sqlBuilder = new System.Text.StringBuilder();

                    sqlBuilder.AppendFormat("UPDATE \"{0}\".\"OrdinalScale\"", partition);
                    sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" SET (\"ValueTypeDictionary\")");
                    sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" = (\"ValueTypeDictionary\" || :valueTypeDictionary)");
                    sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" WHERE \"Iid\" = :iid;");
                    command.Parameters.Add("iid", NpgsqlDbType.Uuid).Value = ordinalScale.Iid;
                    command.Parameters.Add("valueTypeDictionary", NpgsqlDbType.Hstore).Value = valueTypeDictionaryContents;

                    command.CommandText = sqlBuilder.ToString();
                    command.Connection  = transaction.Connection;
                    command.Transaction = transaction;
                    this.ExecuteAndLogCommand(command);
                }
            }

            return(this.AfterUpdate(beforeUpdate, transaction, partition, ordinalScale, container));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Insert a new database record, or updates one if it already exists from the supplied data transfer object.
        /// This is typically used during the import of existing data to the Database.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">
        /// The current <see cref="NpgsqlTransaction"/> to the database.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="partition">
        /// The database partition (schema) where the requested resource will be stored.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="ordinalScale">
        /// The ordinalScale DTO that is to be persisted.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="container">
        /// The container of the DTO to be persisted.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// True if the concept was successfully persisted.
        /// </returns>
        public virtual bool Upsert(NpgsqlTransaction transaction, string partition, CDP4Common.DTO.OrdinalScale ordinalScale, CDP4Common.DTO.Thing container = null)
        {
            var valueTypeDictionaryAdditions = new Dictionary <string, string>();

            base.Upsert(transaction, partition, ordinalScale, container);

            var valueTypeDictionaryContents = new Dictionary <string, string>
            {
                { "UseShortNameValues", !this.IsDerived(ordinalScale, "UseShortNameValues") ? ordinalScale.UseShortNameValues.ToString() : string.Empty },
            }.Concat(valueTypeDictionaryAdditions).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value);

            using (var command = new NpgsqlCommand())
            {
                var sqlBuilder = new System.Text.StringBuilder();

                sqlBuilder.AppendFormat("INSERT INTO \"{0}\".\"OrdinalScale\"", partition);
                sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" (\"Iid\", \"ValueTypeDictionary\")");
                sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" VALUES (:iid, :valueTypeDictionary)");

                command.Parameters.Add("iid", NpgsqlDbType.Uuid).Value = ordinalScale.Iid;
                command.Parameters.Add("valueTypeDictionary", NpgsqlDbType.Hstore).Value = valueTypeDictionaryContents;
                sqlBuilder.Append(" ON CONFLICT (\"Iid\")");
                sqlBuilder.Append(" DO UPDATE ");
                sqlBuilder.Append(" SET \"ValueTypeDictionary\"");
                sqlBuilder.Append(" = :valueTypeDictionary;");

                command.CommandText = sqlBuilder.ToString();
                command.Connection  = transaction.Connection;
                command.Transaction = transaction;

                this.ExecuteAndLogCommand(command);
            }

            return(true);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// The mapping from a database record to data transfer object.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="reader">
        /// An instance of the SQL reader.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// A deserialized instance of <see cref="CDP4Common.DTO.OrdinalScale"/>.
        /// </returns>
        public virtual CDP4Common.DTO.OrdinalScale MapToDto(NpgsqlDataReader reader)
        {
            string tempModifiedOn;
            string tempName;
            string tempShortName;
            string tempNumberSet;
            string tempMinimumPermissibleValue;
            string tempIsMinimumInclusive;
            string tempMaximumPermissibleValue;
            string tempIsMaximumInclusive;
            string tempPositiveValueConnotation;
            string tempNegativeValueConnotation;
            string tempIsDeprecated;
            string tempUseShortNameValues;

            var valueDict      = (Dictionary <string, string>)reader["ValueTypeSet"];
            var iid            = Guid.Parse(reader["Iid"].ToString());
            var revisionNumber = int.Parse(valueDict["RevisionNumber"]);

            var dto = new CDP4Common.DTO.OrdinalScale(iid, revisionNumber);

            dto.ExcludedPerson.AddRange(Array.ConvertAll((string[])reader["ExcludedPerson"], Guid.Parse));
            dto.ExcludedDomain.AddRange(Array.ConvertAll((string[])reader["ExcludedDomain"], Guid.Parse));
            dto.Alias.AddRange(Array.ConvertAll((string[])reader["Alias"], Guid.Parse));
            dto.Definition.AddRange(Array.ConvertAll((string[])reader["Definition"], Guid.Parse));
            dto.HyperLink.AddRange(Array.ConvertAll((string[])reader["HyperLink"], Guid.Parse));
            dto.Unit = Guid.Parse(reader["Unit"].ToString());
            dto.ValueDefinition.AddRange(Array.ConvertAll((string[])reader["ValueDefinition"], Guid.Parse));
            dto.MappingToReferenceScale.AddRange(Array.ConvertAll((string[])reader["MappingToReferenceScale"], Guid.Parse));

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("ModifiedOn", out tempModifiedOn))
            {
                dto.ModifiedOn = Utils.ParseUtcDate(tempModifiedOn);
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("Name", out tempName))
            {
                dto.Name = tempName.UnEscape();
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("ShortName", out tempShortName))
            {
                dto.ShortName = tempShortName.UnEscape();
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("NumberSet", out tempNumberSet))
            {
                dto.NumberSet = Utils.ParseEnum <CDP4Common.SiteDirectoryData.NumberSetKind>(tempNumberSet);
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("MinimumPermissibleValue", out tempMinimumPermissibleValue) && tempMinimumPermissibleValue != null)
            {
                dto.MinimumPermissibleValue = tempMinimumPermissibleValue.UnEscape();
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("IsMinimumInclusive", out tempIsMinimumInclusive))
            {
                dto.IsMinimumInclusive = bool.Parse(tempIsMinimumInclusive);
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("MaximumPermissibleValue", out tempMaximumPermissibleValue) && tempMaximumPermissibleValue != null)
            {
                dto.MaximumPermissibleValue = tempMaximumPermissibleValue.UnEscape();
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("IsMaximumInclusive", out tempIsMaximumInclusive))
            {
                dto.IsMaximumInclusive = bool.Parse(tempIsMaximumInclusive);
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("PositiveValueConnotation", out tempPositiveValueConnotation) && tempPositiveValueConnotation != null)
            {
                dto.PositiveValueConnotation = tempPositiveValueConnotation.UnEscape();
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("NegativeValueConnotation", out tempNegativeValueConnotation) && tempNegativeValueConnotation != null)
            {
                dto.NegativeValueConnotation = tempNegativeValueConnotation.UnEscape();
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("IsDeprecated", out tempIsDeprecated))
            {
                dto.IsDeprecated = bool.Parse(tempIsDeprecated);
            }

            if (valueDict.TryGetValue("UseShortNameValues", out tempUseShortNameValues))
            {
                dto.UseShortNameValues = bool.Parse(tempUseShortNameValues);
            }

            return(dto);
        }