/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Qubit"/> class. Constructor from probability amplitudes
/// </summary>
/// <param name="zeroAmplitude">The zero amplitude.</param>
/// <param name="oneAmplitude">The one amplitude.</param>
public Qubit(Complex zeroAmplitude, Complex oneAmplitude)
{
BitRegister = new ComplexVector(2);
BitRegister[0] = zeroAmplitude;
BitRegister[1] = oneAmplitude;
Normalize();
}
/// <summary>
/// Collapses a quantum register into a pure state
/// </summary>
internal void Collapse()
{
Random rand = new Random();
ComplexVector collapsed = new ComplexVector(BitRegister.Size);
double probabilityThreshold = QCUtil.Random.NextDouble();
if (QState == QubitState.Superposition)
{
if (probabilityThreshold < 0.5)
{
collapsed[0] = new Complex(1, 0);
collapsed[1] = new Complex(0, 0);
}
else
{
collapsed[0] = new Complex(0, 0);
collapsed[1] = new Complex(1, 0);
}
BitRegister = collapsed;
}
if (Entangled != null)
{
if (QState == QubitState.One)
{
new ControlledNot().Apply(this, Entangled);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Fills the complex number vector with specified value.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
public void Init(Complex value)
{
ComplexVector result = new ComplexVector(Size);
Parallel.For(0, Size, (i) => {
result[i] = value;
});
}
/// <summary>
/// Created Generalized W Statue of specified length
/// </summary>
/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static QuantumRegister GHZStateOfLength(int length)
{
ComplexVector vector = ComplexVector.Zero(1 << length);
vector[0] = Complex.One;
vector[(1 << length) - 1] = Complex.One;
return(new QuantumRegister(GetQubits(vector / (float)Math.Sqrt(2))));
}
/// <summary>
/// A vector of complex number that represents zero.
/// </summary>
public static ComplexVector Zero(int size)
{
ComplexVector result = new ComplexVector(size);
Parallel.For(0, size, (i) => {
result[i] = Complex.Zero;
});
return(result);
}
/// <summary>
/// Computes the pow value for the vector of complex number.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="vector">The vector.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static ComplexVector Pow(ComplexVector vector, ComplexVector powerVector)
{
ComplexVector result = new ComplexVector(vector.Size);
Parallel.For(0, vector.Size, (i) => {
result[i] = Complex.Pow(vector[i], powerVector[i]);
});
return(result);
}
/// <summary>
/// Computes the exponential value for the vector of complex number.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="vector">The vector.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static ComplexVector Exp(ComplexVector vector)
{
ComplexVector result = new ComplexVector(vector.Size);
Parallel.For(0, vector.Size, (i) => {
result[i] = Complex.Exp(vector[i]);
});
return(result);
}
/// <summary>
/// Computes the square value for the vector of complex number.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="vector">The vector.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static ComplexVector Square(ComplexVector vector)
{
ComplexVector result = new ComplexVector(vector.Size);
Parallel.For(0, vector.Size, (i) => {
result[i] = Complex.Pow(vector[i], 2);
});
return(result);
}
/// <summary>
/// Implements the operator /.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="lhs">The LHS.</param>
/// <param name="rhs">The RHS.</param>
/// <returns>
/// The result of the operator.
/// </returns>
public static ComplexVector operator /(float lhs, ComplexVector rhs)
{
ComplexVector result = new ComplexVector(rhs.Size);
Parallel.For(0, rhs.Size, (i) => {
result[i] = lhs / rhs[i];
});
return(result);
}
/// <summary>
/// Implements the operator /.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="lhs">The LHS.</param>
/// <param name="rhs">The RHS.</param>
/// <returns>
/// The result of the operator.
/// </returns>
public static ComplexVector operator /(ComplexVector lhs, float rhs)
{
ComplexVector result = new ComplexVector(lhs.Size);
Parallel.For(0, lhs.Size, (i) => {
result[i] = lhs[i] / rhs;
});
return(result);
}
/// <summary>
/// A vector of complex number that represents imaginary one.
/// </summary>
public static ComplexVector ImaginaryOne(int size)
{
ComplexVector result = new ComplexVector(size);
Parallel.For(0, size, (i) => {
result[i] = Complex.ImaginaryOne;
});
return(result);
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates a WState of specified length
/// </summary>
/// <param name="length">The length.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static QuantumRegister WStateOfLength(int length)
{
ComplexVector vector = ComplexVector.Zero(1 << length);
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
vector[1 << i] = Complex.One;
}
return(new QuantumRegister(GetQubits(vector / (float)Math.Sqrt(3))));
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the qubits from the register.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>
/// The qubit.
/// </returns>
public static Qubit[] GetQubits(ComplexVector vector)
{
int num = vector.Size / 2;
Qubit[] qubits = new Qubit[num];
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
qubits[i] = new Qubit(vector[i * 2], vector[i * 2 + 1]);
}
return(qubits);
}
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="QuantumRegister"/> class.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="vector">The vector.</param>
public QuantumRegister(ComplexVector vector)
{
Qubits = GetQubits(vector);
}
