private void Traversal(BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T> origin, Stack <T> stack)
{
if (RandIndex == RandTarget)
{
return; //reached the random target, stop searching
}
if (origin.Left != null)
{
Traversal(origin.Left, stack);
}
if (RandIndex == RandTarget)
{
return;
}
stack.Push(origin.Data);
RandIndex++;
if (RandIndex == RandTarget)
{
return;
}
if (origin.Right != null)
{
Traversal(origin.Right, stack);
}
}
private void Insert(T data, BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T> origin)
{
int comparisonResult = data.CompareTo(origin.Data);
if (comparisonResult == 0)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("No duplicate data allowed in BST.");
}
if (comparisonResult < 0)
{
if (origin.Left == null)
{
origin.Left = new BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T>(data);
}
else
{
Insert(data, origin.Left);
}
}
else
{
if (origin.Right == null)
{
origin.Right = new BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T>(data);
}
else
{
Insert(data, origin.Right);
}
}
origin.UpdateSize();
}
//Gets a random number by comparing sub-tree sizes to determine the probability
//of choosing that node. Worst case takes time equal to the depth of the longest path.
public T GetRandom2()
{
int rIndex = r.Next(1, Count + 1);
BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T> n = root;
while (n != null)
{
if (n.Size == rIndex)
{
return(n.Data);
}
if (n.Left != null && rIndex <= n.Left.Size)
{
n = n.Left;
}
else
{
//Left side was not chosen, update our rIndex because we are no longer considering it
rIndex -= n.Left?.Size ?? 0;
n = n.Right;
}
}
throw new InvalidOperationException("Tree empty!");
}
T Minimum(BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T> origin)
{
while (origin.Left != null)
{
origin = origin.Left;
}
return(origin.Data);
}
public T TraverseToIndex(int index)
{
BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T> n = root;
var stack = new Stack <T>();
RandTarget = index;
RandIndex = -1;
Traversal(root, stack);
return(stack.Pop());
}
private BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T> Remove(T data, BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T> origin)
{
if (origin == null || data == null)
{
return(null);
}
int comparisonResult = data.CompareTo(origin.Data);
if (comparisonResult < 0)
{
if (origin.Left == null)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Couldn't find {data} to remove!");
}
origin.Left = Remove(data, origin.Left);
origin.UpdateSize();
return(origin);
}
if (comparisonResult > 0)
{
if (origin.Right == null)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Couldn't find {data} to remove!");
}
origin.Right = Remove(data, origin.Right);
origin.UpdateSize();
return(origin);
}
//Match found
//If we have two children, replace my data with rights min, then remove starting from right
if (origin.Left != null && origin.Right != null)
{
var minimum = Minimum(origin.Right);
origin.Data = minimum;
origin.Right = Remove(minimum, origin.Right);
origin.UpdateSize();
return(origin);
}
if (origin.Left == null)
{
return(origin.Right);
}
else
{
return(origin.Left);
}
}
public RandomElement <T> Insert(T data)
{
if (data == null)
{
return(null);
}
if (root == null)
{
root = new BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T>(data);
}
else
{
Insert(data, root);
}
Count++;
return(this);
}
public bool Find(T data)
{
BinaryTreeNodeWithSize <T> curr = root;
while (curr != null)
{
int comparisonResult = data.CompareTo(curr.Data);
if (comparisonResult < 0)
{
curr = curr.Left;
}
else if (comparisonResult > 0)
{
curr = curr.Right;
}
else if (comparisonResult == 0)
{
return(true);
}
}
return(false);
}