public void StandGrowthPerformance()
{
int thinningPeriod = 4;
int runs = 4; // 1 warmup run + measured runs
int trees = 300;
#if DEBUG
runs = 1; // do only functional validation of test on DEBUG builds to reduce test execution time
trees = 10;
#endif
PlotsWithHeight nelder = PublicApi.GetNelder();
OrganonConfiguration configuration = PublicApi.CreateOrganonConfiguration(new OrganonVariantNwo());
configuration.Treatments.Harvests.Add(new ThinByIndividualTreeSelection(thinningPeriod));
OrganonStand stand = nelder.ToOrganonStand(configuration, 20, 130.0F, trees);
stand.PlantingDensityInTreesPerHectare = TestConstant.NelderReplantingDensityInTreesPerHectare;
Objective landExpectationValue = new Objective()
{
IsLandExpectationValue = true,
PlanningPeriods = 9
};
HeuristicParameters defaultParameters = new HeuristicParameters();
TimeSpan runtime = TimeSpan.Zero;
for (int run = 0; run < runs; ++run)
{
// after warmup: 3 runs * 300 trees = 900 measured growth simulations on i7-3770 (4th gen, Sandy Bridge)
// dispersion of 5 runs min mean median max
// .NET 5.0 with removed tree compaction 1.67 1.72 1.72 1.82
Hero hero = new Hero(stand, configuration, landExpectationValue, defaultParameters)
{
IsStochastic = false,
MaximumIterations = 2
};
hero.RandomizeTreeSelection(TestConstant.Default.SelectionPercentage);
if (run > 0)
{
// skip first run as a warmup run
runtime += hero.Run();
}
}
this.TestContext !.WriteLine(runtime.TotalSeconds.ToString());
}
public void Plot14ImmediateThin()
{
int thinPeriod = 1;
int lastPeriod = 4;
bool useScaledVolume = false;
PlotsWithHeight plot14 = PublicApi.GetPlot14();
OrganonConfiguration configuration = OrganonTest.CreateOrganonConfiguration(new OrganonVariantNwo());
OrganonStand stand = plot14.ToOrganonStand(configuration, 30, 130.0F);
stand.PlantingDensityInTreesPerHectare = TestConstant.Plot14ReplantingDensityInTreesPerHectare;
configuration.Treatments.Harvests.Add(new ThinByPrescription(thinPeriod)
{
FromAbovePercentage = 0.0F,
ProportionalPercentage = 30.0F,
FromBelowPercentage = 0.0F
});
OrganonStandTrajectory thinnedTrajectory = new OrganonStandTrajectory(stand, configuration, TimberValue.Default, lastPeriod, useScaledVolume);
AssertNullable.IsNotNull(thinnedTrajectory.StandByPeriod[0]);
Assert.IsTrue(thinnedTrajectory.StandByPeriod[0] !.GetTreeRecordCount() == 222);
thinnedTrajectory.Simulate();
// verify thinned trajectory
// 0 1 2 3 4
float[] minimumThinnedQmd = new float[] { 9.16F, 10.47F, 11.64F, 12.64F, 13.52F }; // in
// 0 1 2 3 4
float[] minimumThinnedTopHeight = new float[] { 92.9F, 101.4F, 110.4F, 118.9F, 126.7F }; // ft
float[] minimumThinnedVolume;
if (thinnedTrajectory.UseScaledVolume)
{
minimumThinnedVolume = new float[] { 51.59F, 51.75F, 66.71F, 81.88F, 97.72F }; // Poudel 2018 + Scribner long log net MBF/ha
}
else
{
// 0 1 2 3 4
minimumThinnedVolume = new float[] { 43.74F, 49.00F, 68.86F, 87.95F, 105.8F }; // Browning 1977 (FIA) MBF/ha
}
PublicApi.Verify(thinnedTrajectory, minimumThinnedQmd, minimumThinnedTopHeight, minimumThinnedVolume, thinPeriod, lastPeriod, 65, 70, configuration.Variant.TimeStepInYears);
PublicApi.Verify(thinnedTrajectory, minimumThinnedVolume, thinPeriod);
Assert.IsTrue(thinnedTrajectory.GetFirstHarvestAge() == 30);
}
private static void Verify(OrganonStandTrajectory trajectory, float[] minimumQmd, float[] minimumTopHeight, float[] minimumStandingVolumeScribner, int thinPeriod, int lastPeriod, int minTrees, int maxTrees, int timeStepInYears)
{
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.BasalAreaRemoved.Length == lastPeriod + 1);
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.BasalAreaRemoved[0] == 0.0F);
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.HarvestPeriods == thinPeriod + 1); // BUGBUG: clean off by one semantic
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.ThinningVolume.ScribnerTotal[0] == 0.0F);
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.ThinningVolume.ScribnerTotal.Length == lastPeriod + 1);
PublicApi.Verify(trajectory.IndividualTreeSelectionBySpecies, thinPeriod, minTrees, maxTrees);
Assert.IsTrue(String.IsNullOrEmpty(trajectory.Name) == false);
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.PeriodLengthInYears == timeStepInYears);
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.PlanningPeriods == lastPeriod + 1); // BUGBUG: clean off by one semantic
float qmdTolerance = 1.01F;
float topHeightTolerance = 1.01F;
float volumeTolerance = 1.01F;
for (int periodIndex = 0; periodIndex < trajectory.PlanningPeriods; ++periodIndex)
{
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.DensityByPeriod[periodIndex].BasalAreaPerAcre > 0.0F);
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.DensityByPeriod[periodIndex].BasalAreaPerAcre <= TestConstant.Maximum.TreeBasalAreaLarger);
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.StandingVolume.ScribnerTotal[periodIndex] > minimumStandingVolumeScribner[periodIndex]);
Assert.IsTrue(trajectory.StandingVolume.ScribnerTotal[periodIndex] < volumeTolerance * minimumStandingVolumeScribner[periodIndex]);
OrganonStand stand = trajectory.StandByPeriod[periodIndex] ?? throw new NotSupportedException("Stand information missing for period " + periodIndex + ".");
float qmd = stand.GetQuadraticMeanDiameter();
float topHeight = stand.GetTopHeight();
int treeRecords = stand.GetTreeRecordCount();
Assert.IsTrue((stand.Name != null) && (trajectory.Name != null) && stand.Name.StartsWith(trajectory.Name));
Assert.IsTrue(qmd > minimumQmd[periodIndex]);
Assert.IsTrue(qmd < qmdTolerance * minimumQmd[periodIndex]);
Assert.IsTrue(topHeight > minimumTopHeight[periodIndex]);
Assert.IsTrue(topHeight < topHeightTolerance * minimumTopHeight[periodIndex]);
Assert.IsTrue(treeRecords > 0);
Assert.IsTrue(treeRecords < 666);
// TODO: check qmd against QMD from basal area
}
}
public void NelderHero()
{
int thinningPeriod = 4;
int treeCount = 100;
int expectedTreesSelectedWithFiaVolume = 0;
float minObjectiveFunctionWithFiaVolume = 4.154F; // USk$/ha
float minObjectiveFunctionWithScaledVolume = 3.454F; // USk$/ha
float minThinnedMbfWithFiaVolume = 0.0F;
#if DEBUG
treeCount = 48;
expectedTreesSelectedWithFiaVolume = 0;
minObjectiveFunctionWithFiaVolume = 1.790F; // USk$/ha
minObjectiveFunctionWithScaledVolume = 1.357F; // USk$/ha
minThinnedMbfWithFiaVolume = 0.0F;
#endif
PlotsWithHeight nelder = PublicApi.GetNelder();
OrganonConfiguration configuration = new OrganonConfiguration(new OrganonVariantNwo());
configuration.Treatments.Harvests.Add(new ThinByIndividualTreeSelection(thinningPeriod));
OrganonStand stand = nelder.ToOrganonStand(configuration, 20, 130.0F, treeCount);
stand.PlantingDensityInTreesPerHectare = TestConstant.NelderReplantingDensityInTreesPerHectare;
Objective landExpectationValue = new Objective()
{
IsLandExpectationValue = true,
PlanningPeriods = 9
};
Hero hero = new Hero(stand, configuration, landExpectationValue, new HeuristicParameters()
{
UseScaledVolume = false
})
{
//IsStochastic = true,
MaximumIterations = 10
};
//hero.RandomizeTreeSelection(TestConstant.Default.SelectionPercentage);
hero.CurrentTrajectory.SetTreeSelection(0, thinningPeriod);
hero.Run();
this.Verify(hero);
int[] treeSelection = hero.BestTrajectory.IndividualTreeSelectionBySpecies[FiaCode.PseudotsugaMenziesii];
int treesSelected = treeSelection.Sum() / thinningPeriod;
if (hero.BestTrajectory.UseScaledVolume)
{
this.TestContext !.WriteLine("best objective: {0} observed, near {1} expected", hero.BestObjectiveFunction, minObjectiveFunctionWithScaledVolume);
Assert.IsTrue(hero.BestObjectiveFunction > minObjectiveFunctionWithScaledVolume);
Assert.IsTrue(hero.BestObjectiveFunction < 1.02F * minObjectiveFunctionWithScaledVolume);
}
else
{
// expected standing volume, MBF, for no trees harvested
// 0.122, 0.971, 3.18, 6.749, 11.56, 17.54, 24.56, 32.44, 40.97, 49.98
// expected NPV, US$/ha, for no trees harvested
// -90.96, 61.62, 373.49, 781.90, 1228.99, 1674.68, 2085.93, 2438.25, 2717.76, 2918.96
this.TestContext !.WriteLine("best objective: {0} observed, near {1} expected", hero.BestObjectiveFunction, minObjectiveFunctionWithFiaVolume);
Assert.IsTrue(hero.BestObjectiveFunction > minObjectiveFunctionWithFiaVolume);
Assert.IsTrue(hero.BestObjectiveFunction < 1.01F * minObjectiveFunctionWithFiaVolume);
Assert.IsTrue(hero.BestTrajectory.ThinningVolume.ScribnerTotal[thinningPeriod] >= minThinnedMbfWithFiaVolume);
Assert.IsTrue(hero.BestTrajectory.ThinningVolume.ScribnerTotal[thinningPeriod] <= 1.01 * minThinnedMbfWithFiaVolume);
Assert.IsTrue(treesSelected == expectedTreesSelectedWithFiaVolume);
}
}
public void NelderTrajectory()
{
int expectedUnthinnedTreeRecordCount = 661;
int lastPeriod = 9;
bool useScaledVolume = false;
PlotsWithHeight nelder = PublicApi.GetNelder();
OrganonConfiguration configuration = OrganonTest.CreateOrganonConfiguration(new OrganonVariantNwo());
OrganonStand stand = nelder.ToOrganonStand(configuration, 20, 130.0F);
stand.PlantingDensityInTreesPerHectare = TestConstant.NelderReplantingDensityInTreesPerHectare;
OrganonStandTrajectory unthinnedTrajectory = new OrganonStandTrajectory(stand, configuration, TimberValue.Default, lastPeriod, useScaledVolume);
unthinnedTrajectory.Simulate();
foreach (Stand?unthinnedStand in unthinnedTrajectory.StandByPeriod)
{
AssertNullable.IsNotNull(unthinnedStand);
Assert.IsTrue(unthinnedStand.GetTreeRecordCount() == expectedUnthinnedTreeRecordCount);
}
int thinPeriod = 3;
configuration.Treatments.Harvests.Add(new ThinByPrescription(thinPeriod)
{
FromAbovePercentage = 20.0F,
ProportionalPercentage = 15.0F,
FromBelowPercentage = 10.0F
});
OrganonStandTrajectory thinnedTrajectory = new OrganonStandTrajectory(stand, configuration, TimberValue.Default, lastPeriod, useScaledVolume);
AssertNullable.IsNotNull(thinnedTrajectory.StandByPeriod[0]);
Assert.IsTrue(thinnedTrajectory.StandByPeriod[0] !.GetTreeRecordCount() == expectedUnthinnedTreeRecordCount);
thinnedTrajectory.Simulate();
for (int periodIndex = 0; periodIndex < thinPeriod; ++periodIndex)
{
Stand?unthinnedStand = thinnedTrajectory.StandByPeriod[periodIndex];
AssertNullable.IsNotNull(unthinnedStand);
Assert.IsTrue(unthinnedStand.GetTreeRecordCount() == expectedUnthinnedTreeRecordCount);
}
int expectedThinnedTreeRecordCount = 328; // must be updated if prescription changes
for (int periodIndex = thinPeriod; periodIndex < thinnedTrajectory.PlanningPeriods; ++periodIndex)
{
Stand?thinnedStand = thinnedTrajectory.StandByPeriod[periodIndex];
AssertNullable.IsNotNull(thinnedStand);
Assert.IsTrue(thinnedStand.GetTreeRecordCount() == expectedThinnedTreeRecordCount);
}
// verify unthinned trajectory
// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
float[] minimumUnthinnedQmd = new float[] { 6.61F, 8.17F, 9.52F, 10.67F, 11.68F, 12.56F, 13.34F, 14.05F, 14.69F, 15.28F }; // in
// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
float[] minimumUnthinnedTopHeight = new float[] { 54.1F, 67.9F, 80.3F, 91.6F, 101.9F, 111.3F, 119.9F, 127.8F, 135.0F, 141.7F }; // ft
float[] minimumUnthinnedVolume;
if (unthinnedTrajectory.UseScaledVolume)
{
minimumUnthinnedVolume = new float[] { 9.758F, 19.01F, 31.07F, 47.24F, 62.21F, 75.09F, 89.64F, 103.7F, 116.5F, 128.9F }; // Poudel 2018 + Scribner long log net MBF/ha
}
else
{
// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
minimumUnthinnedVolume = new float[] { 4.428F, 15.02F, 30.49F, 48.39F, 66.72F, 84.45F, 101.1F, 116.4F, 130.6F, 143.6F }; // FIA SV6x32 MBF/ha
}
PublicApi.Verify(unthinnedTrajectory, minimumUnthinnedQmd, minimumUnthinnedTopHeight, minimumUnthinnedVolume, 0, lastPeriod, 0, 0, configuration.Variant.TimeStepInYears);
// verify thinned trajectory
// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
float[] minimumThinnedQmd = new float[] { 6.61F, 8.19F, 9.53F, 11.81F, 13.44F, 14.80F, 15.99F, 17.05F, 18.00F, 18.85F }; // in
// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
float[] minimumThinnedTopHeight = new float[] { 54.1F, 67.9F, 80.3F, 88.3F, 98.4F, 108.0F, 116.9F, 125.0F, 132.5F, 139.4F }; // ft
float[] minimumThinnedVolume;
if (thinnedTrajectory.UseScaledVolume)
{
minimumThinnedVolume = new float[] { 9.758F, 19.01F, 31.07F, 28.25F, 41.77F, 54.37F, 68.44F, 85.10F, 100.4F, 114.7F }; // Poudel 2018 + Scribner long log net MBF/ha
}
else
{
// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
minimumThinnedVolume = new float[] { 4.428F, 15.02F, 30.50F, 30.64F, 47.26F, 64.81F, 82.54F, 99.87F, 116.3F, 131.7F }; // FIA MBF/ha
}
PublicApi.Verify(thinnedTrajectory, minimumThinnedQmd, minimumThinnedTopHeight, minimumThinnedVolume, thinPeriod, lastPeriod, 200, 400, configuration.Variant.TimeStepInYears);
PublicApi.Verify(thinnedTrajectory, minimumThinnedVolume, thinPeriod);
}
public void NelderOtherHeuristics()
{
int thinningPeriod = 4;
int treeCount = 75;
#if DEBUG
treeCount = 25;
#endif
PlotsWithHeight nelder = PublicApi.GetNelder();
OrganonConfiguration configuration = OrganonTest.CreateOrganonConfiguration(new OrganonVariantNwo());
configuration.Treatments.Harvests.Add(new ThinByIndividualTreeSelection(thinningPeriod));
OrganonStand stand = nelder.ToOrganonStand(configuration, 20, 130.0F, treeCount);
stand.PlantingDensityInTreesPerHectare = TestConstant.NelderReplantingDensityInTreesPerHectare;
Objective landExpectationValue = new Objective()
{
IsLandExpectationValue = true,
PlanningPeriods = 9
};
Objective volume = new Objective()
{
PlanningPeriods = landExpectationValue.PlanningPeriods
};
HeuristicParameters defaultParameters = new HeuristicParameters()
{
UseScaledVolume = false
};
GeneticParameters geneticParameters = new GeneticParameters(treeCount)
{
PopulationSize = 7,
MaximumGenerations = 5,
UseScaledVolume = defaultParameters.UseScaledVolume
};
GeneticAlgorithm genetic = new GeneticAlgorithm(stand, configuration, landExpectationValue, geneticParameters);
TimeSpan geneticRuntime = genetic.Run();
GreatDeluge deluge = new GreatDeluge(stand, configuration, volume, defaultParameters)
{
RainRate = 5,
LowerWaterAfter = 9,
StopAfter = 10
};
deluge.RandomizeTreeSelection(TestConstant.Default.SelectionPercentage);
TimeSpan delugeRuntime = deluge.Run();
RecordTravel recordTravel = new RecordTravel(stand, configuration, landExpectationValue, defaultParameters)
{
StopAfter = 10
};
recordTravel.RandomizeTreeSelection(TestConstant.Default.SelectionPercentage);
TimeSpan recordRuntime = recordTravel.Run();
SimulatedAnnealing annealer = new SimulatedAnnealing(stand, configuration, volume, defaultParameters)
{
Iterations = 100
};
annealer.RandomizeTreeSelection(TestConstant.Default.SelectionPercentage);
TimeSpan annealerRuntime = annealer.Run();
TabuParameters tabuParameters = new TabuParameters()
{
UseScaledVolume = defaultParameters.UseScaledVolume
};
TabuSearch tabu = new TabuSearch(stand, configuration, landExpectationValue, tabuParameters)
{
Iterations = 7,
//Jump = 2,
MaximumTenure = 5
};
tabu.RandomizeTreeSelection(TestConstant.Default.SelectionPercentage);
TimeSpan tabuRuntime = tabu.Run();
ThresholdAccepting thresholdAcceptor = new ThresholdAccepting(stand, configuration, volume, defaultParameters);
thresholdAcceptor.IterationsPerThreshold.Clear();
thresholdAcceptor.Thresholds.Clear();
thresholdAcceptor.IterationsPerThreshold.Add(10);
thresholdAcceptor.Thresholds.Add(1.0F);
thresholdAcceptor.RandomizeTreeSelection(TestConstant.Default.SelectionPercentage);
TimeSpan acceptorRuntime = thresholdAcceptor.Run();
RandomGuessing random = new RandomGuessing(stand, configuration, volume, defaultParameters)
{
Iterations = 4
};
TimeSpan randomRuntime = random.Run();
configuration.Treatments.Harvests.Clear();
configuration.Treatments.Harvests.Add(new ThinByPrescription(thinningPeriod));
PrescriptionParameters prescriptionParameters = new PrescriptionParameters()
{
Maximum = 60.0F,
Minimum = 50.0F,
Step = 10.0F,
UseScaledVolume = defaultParameters.UseScaledVolume
};
PrescriptionEnumeration enumerator = new PrescriptionEnumeration(stand, configuration, landExpectationValue, prescriptionParameters);
TimeSpan enumerationRuntime = enumerator.Run();
// heuristics assigned to volume optimization
this.Verify(deluge);
this.Verify(annealer);
this.Verify(thresholdAcceptor);
this.Verify(random);
// heuristics assigned to net present value optimization
this.Verify(genetic);
this.Verify(enumerator);
this.Verify(recordTravel);
this.Verify(tabu);
HeuristicSolutionDistribution distribution = new HeuristicSolutionDistribution(1, thinningPeriod, treeCount);
distribution.AddRun(annealer, annealerRuntime, defaultParameters);
distribution.AddRun(deluge, delugeRuntime, defaultParameters);
distribution.AddRun(thresholdAcceptor, acceptorRuntime, defaultParameters);
distribution.AddRun(genetic, geneticRuntime, defaultParameters);
distribution.AddRun(enumerator, enumerationRuntime, defaultParameters);
distribution.AddRun(recordTravel, recordRuntime, defaultParameters);
distribution.AddRun(tabu, tabuRuntime, defaultParameters);
distribution.AddRun(random, randomRuntime, defaultParameters);
distribution.OnRunsComplete();
}
