static void export_uptake(Bed bed, string filename)
{
using (CsvWriter writer = new CsvWriter(filename + ".csv"))
{
CsvRow row;
for (int r = (bed.numOfRNodes - 1); r >= 0; r--)
{
row = new CsvRow();
for (int z = 0; z < bed.numOfZNodes; z++)
{
row.Add((bed.Rho[r, z].q).ToString());
}
writer.WriteRow(row);
}
}
}
public static void updateq(Bed bed)
{
foreach (RhoNodes node in bed.Rho)
{
if (node.q < bed.workingPair.qm && node.materialType == MaterialType.Adsorbent)
{
node.q = node.q + node.dqdt * Parameters.deltat;
if (node.q > bed.workingPair.qm)
{
node.q = bed.workingPair.qm;
}
else if (node.q < 0)
{
node.q = 0;
}
}
}
}
public BedTemperaturePDE(Bed bed)
{
deltaR = bed.deltaR;
deltaZ = bed.deltaZ;
numOfRNodes = bed.numOfRNodes;
numOfZNodes = bed.numOfZNodes;
T = bed.T;
assignBoundary();
//initial conditions
foreach (TNodes node in T)
{
node.TP0 = Parameters.T0;
node.TP = node.TP0;
}
assignCoefficients2();
}
public void calculateExcessTubeOuterSurfaceArea(Bed bed)
{
int r = numOfRNodes_fluid + numOfRNodes_tubeWall;
excessTubeOuterSurfaceArea = 2 * Math.PI * r * deltaR * bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube * deltaZ;
}
public void assignMaterials(Bed bed)
{
//assign materials for TNodes
//for first excess tube
for (int z = 0; z < bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube; z++)
{
for (int r = 0; r < numOfRNodes; r++)
{
if (r < bed.numOfRNodes_fluid)
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.HeatExchangeFluid;
T[r, z].density = bed.fluid.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.fluid.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.fluid.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].dynamicViscosity = bed.fluid.dynamicViscosity;
T[r, z].velocity = Parameters.fluidVelocity_bed;
}
else if (r < (bed.numOfRNodes_fluid + bed.numOfRNodes_tubeWall))
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Tube;
T[r, z].density = bed.tube.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.tube.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.tube.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
else
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Adsorbate;
T[r, z].density = bed.adsorbate.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.adsorbate.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = (1 - bed.adsorbent.porosity) * bed.adsorbate.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
}
}
//for each tube section (fin + adsorbent z nodes)
for (int n = 0; n < bed.numOfTubeSection; n++)
{
for (int z = ((bed.numOfZNodes_fin + bed.numOfZNodes_adsorbent) * n + bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube); z < ((bed.numOfZNodes_fin + bed.numOfZNodes_adsorbent) * (n + 1) + bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube); z++)
{
for (int r = 0; r < numOfRNodes; r++)
{
if (z >= ((bed.numOfZNodes_fin + bed.numOfZNodes_adsorbent) * n + bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube) && z < ((bed.numOfZNodes_fin + bed.numOfZNodes_adsorbent) * n + bed.numOfZNodes_fin + bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube))
{
if (r < bed.numOfRNodes_fluid)
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.HeatExchangeFluid;
T[r, z].density = bed.fluid.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.fluid.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.fluid.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].dynamicViscosity = bed.fluid.dynamicViscosity;
T[r, z].velocity = Parameters.fluidVelocity_bed;
}
else if (r < (bed.numOfRNodes_fluid + bed.numOfRNodes_tubeWall + bed.numOfRNodes_adsorbent))
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Tube;
T[r, z].density = bed.tube.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.tube.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.tube.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
else
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Adsorbate;
T[r, z].density = bed.adsorbate.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.adsorbate.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.adsorbate.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
}
else
{
if (r < bed.numOfRNodes_fluid)
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.HeatExchangeFluid;
T[r, z].density = bed.fluid.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.fluid.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.fluid.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].dynamicViscosity = bed.fluid.dynamicViscosity;
T[r, z].velocity = Parameters.fluidVelocity_bed;
}
else if (r < (bed.numOfRNodes_fluid + bed.numOfRNodes_tubeWall))
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Tube;
T[r, z].density = bed.tube.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.tube.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.tube.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
else if (r < (bed.numOfRNodes_fluid + bed.numOfRNodes_tubeWall + bed.numOfRNodes_adsorbent))
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Adsorbent;
T[r, z].density = bed.adsorbent.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.adsorbent.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.adsorbent.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
T[r, z].porosity = bed.adsorbent.porosity;
}
else
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Adsorbate;
T[r, z].density = bed.adsorbate.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.adsorbate.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.adsorbate.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
}
}
}
}
//for last fin
for (int z = ((bed.numOfZNodes_fin + bed.numOfZNodes_adsorbent) * bed.numOfTubeSection + bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube); z < ((bed.numOfZNodes_fin + bed.numOfZNodes_adsorbent) * bed.numOfTubeSection + bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube + bed.numOfZNodes_fin); z++)
{
for (int r = 0; r < numOfRNodes; r++)
{
if (r < bed.numOfRNodes_fluid)
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.HeatExchangeFluid;
T[r, z].density = bed.fluid.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.fluid.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.fluid.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].dynamicViscosity = bed.fluid.dynamicViscosity;
T[r, z].velocity = Parameters.fluidVelocity_bed;
}
else if (r < (bed.numOfRNodes_fluid + bed.numOfRNodes_tubeWall + bed.numOfRNodes_adsorbent))
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Tube;
T[r, z].density = bed.tube.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.tube.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.tube.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
else
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Adsorbate;
T[r, z].density = bed.adsorbate.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.adsorbate.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.adsorbate.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
}
}
//for last excess tube
for (int z = ((bed.numOfZNodes_fin + bed.numOfZNodes_adsorbent) * bed.numOfTubeSection + bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube + bed.numOfZNodes_fin); z < numOfZNodes; z++)
{
for (int r = 0; r < numOfRNodes; r++)
{
if (r < bed.numOfRNodes_fluid)
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.HeatExchangeFluid;
T[r, z].density = bed.fluid.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.fluid.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.fluid.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].dynamicViscosity = bed.fluid.dynamicViscosity;
T[r, z].velocity = Parameters.fluidVelocity_bed;
}
else if (r < (bed.numOfRNodes_fluid + bed.numOfRNodes_tubeWall))
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Tube;
T[r, z].density = bed.tube.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.tube.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.tube.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
else
{
T[r, z].materialType = MaterialType.Adsorbate;
T[r, z].density = bed.adsorbate.density;
T[r, z].heatCapacity = bed.adsorbate.heatCapacity;
T[r, z].thermalConductivity = bed.adsorbate.thermalConductivity;
T[r, z].velocity = 0;
}
}
}
//assign materials for RhoNodes
for (int r = 0; r < numOfRNodes; r++)
{
for (int z = 0; z < numOfZNodes; z++)
{
Rho[r, z].materialType = bed.T[r, z].materialType;
if (Rho[r, z].materialType == MaterialType.Adsorbent)
{
Rho[r, z].porosity = bed.adsorbent.porosity;
Rho[r, z].molarMass = bed.adsorbate.molarMass;
Rho[r, z].molarGasConstant = bed.adsorbate.molarGasConstant;
Rho[r, z].sigma = bed.adsorbate.sigma;
Rho[r, z].omega = bed.adsorbate.omega;
Rho[r, z].specificGasConstant = bed.adsorbate.specificGasConstant;
Rho[r, z].volume = bed.T[r, z].volume;
}
else if (Rho[r, z].materialType == MaterialType.Adsorbate)
{
Rho[r, z].porosity = bed.adsorbate.porosity;
Rho[r, z].molarMass = bed.adsorbate.molarMass;
Rho[r, z].molarGasConstant = bed.adsorbate.molarGasConstant;
Rho[r, z].sigma = bed.adsorbate.sigma;
Rho[r, z].omega = bed.adsorbate.omega;
Rho[r, z].specificGasConstant = bed.adsorbate.specificGasConstant;
Rho[r, z].volume = bed.T[r, z].volume;
}
else
{
Rho[r, z].porosity = bed.adsorbate.porosity;
}
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//define chambers
Bed[] bed = new Bed[Parameters.numOfBed];
for (int i = 0; i < Parameters.numOfBed; i++)
{
bed[i] = new Bed();
}
Condenser cond = new Condenser();
Evaporator eva = new Evaporator();
//define connecting pipes
ConnectingPipes[] connectingPipe = new ConnectingPipes[Parameters.numOfBed + 1 + 1];
connectingPipe[0] = new ConnectingPipes(bed[0], cond);
connectingPipe[1] = new ConnectingPipes(bed[1], cond);
connectingPipe[2] = new ConnectingPipes(eva, bed[0]);
connectingPipe[3] = new ConnectingPipes(eva, bed[1]);
//define time plots
TemperaurePlot temperaturePlot = new TemperaurePlot();
PressurePlot pressurePlot = new PressurePlot();
//define performance indicators
PerformanceIndicator.initialise();
Report.initialise(bed);
//starting operation
int cycle = 1;
for (int timeStep = 1; timeStep <= Parameters.numOfTimeStep; timeStep++)
{
if (timeStep > 1)
{
updateNodeAtNewTimeStep(bed[0]);
updateq(bed[0]);
updateNodeAtNewTimeStep(bed[1]);
updateq(bed[1]);
updateNodeAtNewTimeStep(cond);
updateNodeAtNewTimeStep(eva);
}
if (timeStep > ((cycle - 1) * 2 * Parameters.switchingTime * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond) && timeStep <= (Parameters.switchingTime * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond + (cycle - 1) * 2 * (Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime) * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond))
{
//Phase
bed[0].phase = Phase.Preheating;
bed[1].phase = Phase.Precooling;
cond.phase = Phase.NA;
eva.phase = Phase.NA;
updateMassFlowrate(connectingPipe);
//switching time
List <Task> TaskList = new List <Task>();
Task task1 = new Task(bed[0].preheating);
task1.Start();
TaskList.Add(task1);
Task task2 = new Task(bed[1].precooling);
task2.Start();
TaskList.Add(task2);
Task task3 = new Task(cond.disconnected);
task3.Start();
TaskList.Add(task3);
Task task4 = new Task(eva.disconnected);
task4.Start();
TaskList.Add(task4);
Task.WaitAll(TaskList.ToArray());
}
else if (timeStep > ((Parameters.switchingTime + (cycle - 1) * 2 * (Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime)) * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond) && timeStep <= ((Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime + (cycle - 1) * 2 * (Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime)) * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond))
{
//Phase
bed[0].phase = Phase.Desorption;
bed[1].phase = Phase.Adsorption;
cond.phase = Phase.Desorption;
eva.phase = Phase.Adsorption;
updateMassFlowrate(connectingPipe);
//sorption time
List <Task> TaskList = new List <Task>();
Task task1 = new Task(bed[0].desorption);
task1.Start();
TaskList.Add(task1);
Task task2 = new Task(bed[1].adsorption);
task2.Start();
TaskList.Add(task2);
Task.WaitAll(TaskList.ToArray());
cond.condensation();
eva.evaporation();
}
else if (timeStep > ((Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime + (cycle - 1) * 2 * (Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime)) * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond) && timeStep <= ((2 * Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime + (cycle - 1) * 2 * (Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime)) * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond))
{
//Phase
bed[0].phase = Phase.Precooling;
bed[1].phase = Phase.Preheating;
cond.phase = Phase.NA;
eva.phase = Phase.NA;
updateMassFlowrate(connectingPipe);
//switching time
List <Task> TaskList = new List <Task>();
Task task1 = new Task(bed[0].precooling);
task1.Start();
TaskList.Add(task1);
Task task2 = new Task(bed[1].preheating);
task2.Start();
TaskList.Add(task2);
Task task3 = new Task(cond.disconnected);
task3.Start();
TaskList.Add(task3);
Task task4 = new Task(eva.disconnected);
task4.Start();
TaskList.Add(task4);
Task.WaitAll(TaskList.ToArray());
}
else if (timeStep > ((2 * Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime + (cycle - 1) * 2 * (Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime)) * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond) && timeStep <= ((2 * Parameters.switchingTime + 2 * Parameters.sorptionTime + (cycle - 1) * 2 * (Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime)) * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond))
{
//Phase
bed[0].phase = Phase.Adsorption;
bed[1].phase = Phase.Desorption;
cond.phase = Phase.Desorption;
eva.phase = Phase.Adsorption;
updateMassFlowrate(connectingPipe);
//sorption time
List <Task> TaskList = new List <Task>();
Task task1 = new Task(bed[0].adsorption);
task1.Start();
TaskList.Add(task1);
Task task2 = new Task(bed[1].desorption);
task2.Start();
TaskList.Add(task2);
Task.WaitAll(TaskList.ToArray());
cond.condensation();
eva.evaporation();
}
if (timeStep == cycle * 2 * (Parameters.switchingTime + Parameters.sorptionTime) * Parameters.timeStepPerSecond)
{
cycle++;
}
//reset mass flow rate to 0
resetMassFlowRate(connectingPipe);
//update aveage pressure
bed[0].calculateAveragePressure();
bed[1].calculateAveragePressure();
cond.calculateAveragePressure();
eva.calculateAveragePressure();
bed[0].calculateAverageMass();
cond.calculateAverageMass();
//update time plots
temperaturePlot.addValue(bed, cond, eva, timeStep);
pressurePlot.addValue(bed, cond, eva, timeStep);
//update performance indicators
for (int i = 0; i < Parameters.numOfBed; i++)
{
if (bed[i].phase == Phase.Preheating || bed[i].phase == Phase.Desorption)
{
//heat input
switch (i)
{
case 0:
PerformanceIndicator.addBedValue(temperaturePlot.array_bed1_inlet[timeStep], temperaturePlot.array_bed1_outlet[timeStep], timeStep);
break;
case 1:
PerformanceIndicator.addBedValue(temperaturePlot.array_bed2_inlet[timeStep], temperaturePlot.array_bed2_outlet[timeStep], timeStep);
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("more bed than declared");
Console.Read();
break;
}
}
}
//heat output
PerformanceIndicator.addEvaValue(temperaturePlot.array_eva_inlet[timeStep], temperaturePlot.array_eva_outlet[timeStep], timeStep);
//condensatation
PerformanceIndicator.addCondensateValue(cond.rateOfCondensation, timeStep);
//output the current time step
Console.WriteLine("{0} of {1} time steps completed...", timeStep, Parameters.numOfTimeStep);
Console.WriteLine("{0}" + " " + "{1}", bed[0].averagePressure, cond.averagePressure);
Console.WriteLine("{0}" + " " + "{1}", bed[1].averagePressure, eva.averagePressure);
}
string cycleTime = (Parameters.switchingTime / 60).ToString() + "m " + (Parameters.sorptionTime / 60).ToString() + "m";
export_T(bed[0], cycleTime + " bed 1 temperature contour");
export_T(bed[1], cycleTime + " bed 2 temperature contour");
export_T(cond, cycleTime + " cond temperature contour");
export_T(eva, cycleTime + " eva temperature contour");
export_P(bed[0], cycleTime + " bed 1 pressure contour");
export_P(bed[1], cycleTime + " bed 2 pressure contour");
export_P(cond, cycleTime + " cond pressure contour");
export_P(eva, cycleTime + " eva pressure contour");
temperaturePlot.exportPlot(cycleTime + " temperature plot");
pressurePlot.exportPlot(cycleTime + " pressure plot");
PerformanceIndicator.calculatePerformance(bed, eva);
Console.WriteLine("COP is {0}", PerformanceIndicator.COP);
Report.publish(cycleTime + " report");
Console.WriteLine("Simulation is completed, press any key to close this window");
Console.Read();
}
public void condensationOnExcessTubeSurface(double T_sat, Bed bed, int part, out double rateOfCondensation)
{
int startIndex = 0, endIndex = 0;
switch (part)
{
case 1:
startIndex = 0;
endIndex = bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube;
break;
case 2:
startIndex = numOfZNodes - bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube;
endIndex = numOfZNodes;
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("wrong data for bed excess tube");
Console.Read();
break;
}
int r = bed.numOfRNodes_fluid + bed.numOfRNodes_tubeWall - 1;
//calculate averaged wall temperature for excess tube
double sum = 0; int count = 0;
for (int z = startIndex; z < endIndex; z++)
{
if (T[r, z].materialType == MaterialType.Tube && T[r + 1, z].materialType == MaterialType.Adsorbate)
{
sum += T[r, z].TP;
count++;
}
}
double T_wall = sum / count;
//calculate modified latent heat of vaporisation
double JakobNumber = bed.adsorbate.heatCapacity_condensed * (T_sat - T_wall) / bed.adsorbate.latentHeat;
double modifiedLatentHeat = bed.adsorbate.latentHeat * (1 + 0.68 * JakobNumber);
//calculate heat transfer coefficient for film condensation
double g = 9.81; //kgm/s2
double c = 0.729; //for tube
double numerator = g * bed.adsorbate.density_condensed * (bed.adsorbate.density_condensed - bed.adsorbate.density) * Math.Pow(bed.adsorbate.thermalConductivity_condensed, 3) * modifiedLatentHeat;
double denominator = bed.adsorbate.dynamicViscosity_condensed * (T_sat - T_wall) * 2 * (bed.numOfRNodes_fluid + bed.numOfRNodes_tubeWall) * deltaR;
double heatTransferCoefficient_condensation = c * Math.Pow(Math.Abs(numerator / denominator), 0.25) * deltaZ * bed.numOfZNodes_excessTube;
double heatOfCondensation = heatTransferCoefficient_condensation * bed.excessTubeOuterSurfaceArea * (T_sat - T_wall);
rateOfCondensation = 0;
if ((T_sat - T_wall) > 0)
{
//apply heat flux (ignore it first)
for (int z = startIndex; z < endIndex; z++)
{
//T[r, z].aN = 0;
//T[r, z].Sc = 2 * Math.PI * T[r, z].rn * deltaZ * heatTransferCoefficient_condensation * (T_sat - T_wall);
//T[r, z].aP = T[r, z].aW + T[r, z].aE + T[r, z].aS + T[r, z].aN + T[r, z].aP0 - T[r, z].Sp + T[r, z].deltaF;
rateOfCondensation = heatOfCondensation / modifiedLatentHeat;
}
}
}
