// This method computes the gate count of simulation by all configurations passed to it.
internal static async Task <IEnumerable <GateCountResults> > RunGateCount(string filename, IntegralDataFormat format, IEnumerable <HamiltonianSimulationConfig> configurations)
{
// Read Hamiltonian terms from file.
IEnumerable <FermionHamiltonian> hamiltonians =
format.Map(
(IntegralDataFormat.Liquid, () => FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromLiquid(filename)),
(IntegralDataFormat.YAML, () => FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromYAML(filename))
);
var hamiltonian = hamiltonians.First();
// Process Hamiltonitn to obtain optimized Jordan-Wigner representation.
var jordanWignerEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
// Convert to format for consumption by Q# algorithms.
var qSharpData = jordanWignerEncoding.QSharpData();
var gateCountResults = new List <GateCountResults>();
foreach (var config in configurations)
{
GateCountResults results = await RunGateCount(qSharpData, config);
results.HamiltonianName = hamiltonian.Name;
results.IntegralDataPath = filename;
results.SpinOrbitals = jordanWignerEncoding.NSpinOrbitals;
gateCountResults.Add(results);
}
return(gateCountResults);
}
// Perform quantum simulation of Hamiltonian at desired bond length and
// return estimate of energy.
internal static (Double, Double) GetSimulationResult(int idxBond, string inputState = "Greedy")
{
// Choose the desired hamiltonian indexed by `idx`.
var hamiltonian = hamiltonianData.ElementAt(idxBond);
// Bond length conversion from Bohr radius to Angstrom
var bondLength = Double.Parse(bondLengths[idxBond]);
// Create Jordan-Wigner encodinf of Hamiltonian.
var jordanWignerEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
// Invoke quantum simulator and run `GetEnergyByTrotterization` in the first
// molecular Hydrogen sample.
using (var qSim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
var qSharpData = jordanWignerEncoding.QSharpData(inputState);
Console.WriteLine($"Estimating at bond length {idxBond}:");
var(phaseEst, energyEst) = GetEnergyByTrotterization.Run(qSim, qSharpData, bitsOfPrecision, trotterStepSize, IntegratorOrder).Result;
return(bondLength, energyEst);
}
}
public void PQRSTermFromGeneralHamiltonianTest()
{
var generalHamiltonian = new FermionHamiltonian(nOrbitals: 2, nElectrons: 1);
generalHamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(PQRSTermType, new Int64[] { 0, 1, 3, 2 }, 2.0);
var jwEvolutionSetData = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
var termData = jwEvolutionSetData.Terms;
var qsim = new QCTraceSimulator(TraceConfig.config);
RunOptimizedBlockEncoding.Run(qsim, generalHamiltonian.NOrbitals * 2, termData, targetError).Wait();
}
public void PQRSTermFromLiquidOrbitalTest()
{
string orbitals = "0,1,0,1=1.0";
var generalHamiltonian = LoadData.LoadFromLiquid(orbitals);
generalHamiltonian.NElectrons = 1L;
var jwEvolutionSetData = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
var termData = jwEvolutionSetData.Terms;
var qsim = new QCTraceSimulator(TraceConfig.config);
RunOptimizedBlockEncoding.Run(qsim, generalHamiltonian.NOrbitals * 2, termData, targetError).Wait();
}
public void PQTermABFromGeneralHamiltonianTest()
{
var generalHamiltonian = new FermionHamiltonian(nOrbitals: 1, nElectrons: 1);
generalHamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(PQTermType, new Int64[] { 0, 1 }, 2.0);
var jwEvolutionSetData = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
var termData = jwEvolutionSetData.Terms;
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
BlockEncodingStep.Run(qsim, generalHamiltonian.NOrbitals * 2, termData).Wait();
}
}
public void PPTermFromGeneralHamiltonianTest()
{
var generalHamiltonian = new FermionHamiltonian(nOrbitals: 1, nElectrons: 1);
generalHamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(PPTermType, new Int64[] { 0, 0 }, 1.0);
generalHamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(PPTermType, new Int64[] { 1, 1 }, -1.0);
var jwEvolutionSetData = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
var identityCoefficient = jwEvolutionSetData.energyOffset;
var termData = jwEvolutionSetData.Terms;
var qsim = new QCTraceSimulator(TraceConfig.config);
RunOptimizedBlockEncoding.Run(qsim, generalHamiltonian.NOrbitals * 2, termData, targetError).Wait();
}
public void PQQRTermFromGeneralHamiltonianTest()
{
var generalHamiltonian = new FermionHamiltonian(nOrbitals: 2, nElectrons: 1);
generalHamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(PQQRTermType, new Int64[] { 0, 1, 2, 0 }, 1.0);
var jwEvolutionSetData = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
var termData = jwEvolutionSetData.Terms;
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
PQQRTermFromGeneralHamiltonianTestOp.Run(qsim, termData).Wait();
}
}
public void PQTermACFromGeneralHamiltonianTest()
{
var generalHamiltonian = new FermionHamiltonian(nOrbitals: 3, nElectrons: 1);
generalHamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(PQTermType, new Int64[] { 0, 2 }, 2.0);
var jwEvolutionSetData = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
var identityCoefficient = jwEvolutionSetData.energyOffset;
var termData = jwEvolutionSetData.Terms;
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
PQTermACFromGeneralHamiltonianTestOp.Run(qsim, termData).Wait();
}
}
internal static (Double, Double) GetSimulationResult(int idxBond, string inputState = "Greedy")
{
var hamiltonian = hamiltonianData.ElementAt(idxBond);
var bondLength = Double.Parse(bondLengths[idxBond]);
var jordanWignerEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
using (var qSim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
var qSharpData = jordanWignerEncoding.QSharpData(inputState);
Console.WriteLine($"Estimating at {bondLength} A; {idxBond}-th bond length:");
var(phaseEst, energyEst) = GetEnergyByTrotterization.Run(qSim, qSharpData, bitsOfPrecision, trotterStepSize, IntegratorOrder).Result;
return(bondLength, energyEst);
}
}
public void PQRSTermFromLiquidOrbitalTest()
{
string orbitals = "0,1,0,1=1.0";
var generalHamiltonian = LoadData.LoadFromLiquid(orbitals);
generalHamiltonian.NElectrons = 1L;
var jwEvolutionSetData = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
var termData = jwEvolutionSetData.Terms;
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
PQRSTermFromLiquidOrbitalTestOp.Run(qsim, termData).Wait();
}
}
public void PQQPTermFromLiquidOrbitalTest()
{
string orbitals = "0,1,1,0=1.0";
var generalHamiltonian = LoadData.LoadFromLiquid(orbitals);
generalHamiltonian.NElectrons = 1L;
var jwEvolutionSetData = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
var identityCoefficient = jwEvolutionSetData.energyOffset;
var termData = jwEvolutionSetData.Terms;
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
BlockEncodingStep.Run(qsim, generalHamiltonian.NOrbitals * 2, termData).Wait();
}
}
// For each Hamiltonian,
internal static (Double, Double) GetSimulationResult(int idxBond)
{
// Choose the desired hamiltonian indexed by `idx`.
FermionHamiltonian hamiltonian = hamiltonianData.ElementAt(idxBond);
// Bond length conversion from Bohr radius to Angstrom
double bondLength = Double.Parse(hamiltonian.MiscellaneousInformation.Split(new char[] { ',' }).Last()) * 0.5291772;
// Set the number of occupied spin-orbitals to 2.
hamiltonian.NElectrons = 2;
// Create Jordan-Wigner encodinf of Hamiltonian.
JordanWignerEncoding jordanWignerEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
// Choose bits of precision in quantum phase estimation
Int64 bitsOfPrecision = 7;
// Choose the Trotter step size.
Double trotterStepSize = 1.0;
// Choose the Trotter integrator order
Int64 trotterOrder = 1;
// Invoke quantum simulator and run `GetEnergyByTrotterization` in the first
// molecular Hydrogen sample.
using (var qSim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
var qSharpData = jordanWignerEncoding.QSharpData();
System.Console.WriteLine($"Estimating at bond length {idxBond}:");
// Loop if excited state energy is obtained.
var energyEst = 0.0;
do
{
var(phaseEst, energyEstTmp) = GetEnergyByTrotterization.Run(qSim, qSharpData, bitsOfPrecision, trotterStepSize, trotterOrder).Result;
energyEst = energyEstTmp;
} while (energyEst > -0.8);
return(bondLength, energyEst);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// var FILENAME = "h2_2_sto6g_1.0au.yaml";
var FILENAME = "h4_sto6g_0.000.yaml";
// var FILENAME = "h20_nwchem.yaml";
var STATE = "|G>";
// create the first hamiltonian from the YAML File
var hamiltonian = FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromYAML($@"{FILENAME}").First();
// convert the hamiltonian into it's JW Encoding
var JWEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
var data = JWEncoding.QSharpData(STATE);
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
var res = PrepareStateMLE.Run(qsim, data).Result;
Console.WriteLine($"MLE is {res}");
}
}
public void JordanWignerOptimizedEvolutionSetTest()
{
var hamiltonian = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(GenerateTestHamiltonian());
var termData = hamiltonian.Terms;
Assert.True(GenerateTestHamiltonian().VerifyFermionTerms());
Assert.Equal(hamiltonian.energyOffset, 3.0 * 0.5 + 0.25 * 3.0);
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 0L }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { -0.5 * 1.0 - 0.25 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item1, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 1L }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { -0.5 * 1.0 - 0.25 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item1, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 2L }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { -0.5 * 1.0 - 2.0 * 0.25 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item1, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 3L }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { -0.25 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item1, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 6L }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { -0.25 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item1, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 0L, 2L }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { 0.25 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item2, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 1L, 3L }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { 0.25 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item2, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 2L, 6L }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { 0.25 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item2, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 0L, 2, 2, 1 }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { -0.125 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item3, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 1L, 3, 3, 2 }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { -0.125 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item3, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
Assert.Contains(new HTerm((new QArray <Int64> (new[] { 2L, 6, 6, 5 }), new QArray <Double> (new[] { -0.125 * 1.0 }))), termData.Item3, new Extensions.HTermArrayComparer());
// Test incomplete
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.Write("Run QE or VQE? ");
String runString = Console.ReadLine();
#region Parameters of Operation
// filename of the molecule to be emulated
// var FILENAME = "h2_2_sto6g_1.0au.yaml";
// var FILENAME = "h4_sto6g_0.000.yaml";
var FILENAME = "h20_nwchem.yaml";
// use this state provided in the YAML.
var STATE = "|G>";
// the margin of error to use when approximating the expected value
var MOE = 0.1;
// precision to iterate over with the state preparation gate
// the number of trials is directly proportional to this constant's inverse
// the gate will be applying a transform of the form (2 pi i \phi) where \phi
// varies by the precision specified below
var ANGULAR_PRECISION = 0.01;
Console.WriteLine($"STATE: {STATE} | MOE: {MOE} | PRECISION: {ANGULAR_PRECISION}");
#endregion
#region Creating the Hamiltonian and JW Terms
// create the first hamiltonian from the YAML File
var hamiltonian = FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromYAML($@"{FILENAME}").First();
// convert the hamiltonian into it's JW Encoding
var JWEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
var data = JWEncoding.QSharpData(STATE);
#endregion
#region Hybrid Quantum/Classical accelerator
// Feed created state and hamiltonian terms to VQE
if (runString.Equals("VQE"))
{
Console.WriteLine("----- Begin VQE Simulation");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("----- Begin QE Simulation");
}
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
if (runString.Equals("VQE"))
{
string useGroundState;
Console.Write("Use ground state? (yes or no): ");
useGroundState = Console.ReadLine();
var statePrepData = data.Item3; // statePrep data
var N = statePrepData.Length;
double convertDoubleArrToJWInputStateArr(double[] x)
{
var JWInputStateArr = new QArray <JordanWignerInputState>();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
{
var currJWInputState = statePrepData[i];
var positions = currJWInputState.Item2;
JWInputStateArr.Add(new JordanWignerInputState(((x[i], 0.0), positions)));
}
return(Simulate_Variational.Run(qsim, data, 1.0, MOE, JWInputStateArr).Result);
}
Func <double[], double> Simulate_Wrapper = (double[] x) => convertDoubleArrToJWInputStateArr(x);
var solver = new NelderMead((int)N, Simulate_Wrapper);
// create initial condition vector
var initialConds = new double[N];
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
{
if (useGroundState.Equals("yes"))
{
var currJWInputState = statePrepData[i];
var groundStateGuess = currJWInputState.Item1;
initialConds[i] = groundStateGuess.Item1;
}
else
{
initialConds[i] = 0.0;
}
}
// Now, we can minimize it with:
bool success = solver.Minimize(initialConds);
// And get the solution vector using
double[] solution = solver.Solution;
// The minimum at this location would be:
double minimum = solver.Value;
Console.WriteLine($"Solution converged: {success}");
Console.WriteLine("The solution is: " + String.Join(" ", solution));
Console.WriteLine($"The minimum is: {minimum}");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine(Simulate.Run(qsim, data, 1.0, MOE).Result);
}
}
#endregion
#region Classical update scheme
// Determine how to update the starting state using classical methods
#endregion
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var logger = Logging.LoggerFactory.CreateLogger <Driver>();
string LiquidFilename = "h2o.dat";
var numElectrons = 2;
Stopwatch stopWatch = new Stopwatch();
stopWatch.Start();
logger.LogInformation($"Reading {LiquidFilename}");
var generalHamiltonian = FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromLiquid($@"{LiquidFilename}").Single();
generalHamiltonian.NElectrons = numElectrons;
logger.LogInformation($"The loading of the file took {stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds}ms");
stopWatch.Restart();
generalHamiltonian.LogSpinOrbitals();
var jwEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
jwEncoding.LogSpinOrbitals();
logger.LogInformation(" reading the file is complete");
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
var qSData = jwEncoding.QSharpData();
var bits = 10;
var steps = 5;
var trotterStep = .4;
for (int i = 0; i < steps; i++)
{
var(phaseEstimate, energyEstimate) = TrotterEnergyEstimator.Run(qsim, qSData, bits, trotterStep).Result;
logger.LogInformation($"Trotter estimation. phase: {phaseEstimate}; energy {energyEstimate}");
}
for (int i = 0; i < steps; i++)
{
var(phaseEstimate, energyEstimate) = OptimizedTrotterEnergyEstimator.Run(qsim, qSData, bits - 1, trotterStep).Result;
logger.LogInformation($"Optimized Trotter estimation. phase {phaseEstimate}; energy {energyEstimate}");
}
for (int i = 0; i < steps; i++)
{
var(phaseEstimate, energyEstimate) = QubitizationEnergyEstimator.Run(qsim, qSData, bits - 2).Result;
logger.LogInformation($"Qubitization estimation. phase: {phaseEstimate}; energy {energyEstimate}");
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Introduction //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// In this example, we will create a spin-orbital representation of the molecular
// Hydrogen Hamiltonian `H`, given ovelap coefficients for its one- and
// two - electron integrals.
// We when perform quantum phase estimation to obtain an estimate of
// the molecular Hydrogen ground state energy.
#region Building the Hydrogen Hamiltonian through orbital integrals
// One of the simplest representations of Hydrogen uses only two
// molecular orbitals indexed by `0` and `1`.
var nOrbitals = 2;
// This representation also has two occupied spin-orbitals.
var nElectrons = 2;
// The Coulomb repulsion energy between nuclei is
var energyOffset = 0.713776188;
// One-electron integrals are listed below
// <0|H|0> = -1.252477495
// <1|H|1> = -0.475934275
// Two-electron integrals are listed below
// <00|H|00> = 0.674493166
// <01|H|01> = 0.181287518
// <01|H|10> = 0.663472101
// <11|H|11> = 0.697398010
// Note that orbitals are assumed to be real. Moreover, indistinguishability
// of electrons means that the following integrals are equal.
// <PQ|H|RS> = <PR|H|QS> = <SQ|H|RP> = <SR|H|QP>
// = <QP|H|SR> = <RP|H|SQ> = <QS|H|PR> = <RS|H|PQ>
// Thus it sufficies to specify just any one of these terms from each symmetry
// group.
// These orbital integrals are represented using the OrbitalIntegral
// data structure.
var orbitalIntegrals = new OrbitalIntegral[]
{
new OrbitalIntegral(new[] { 0, 0 }, -1.252477495),
new OrbitalIntegral(new[] { 1, 1 }, -0.475934275),
new OrbitalIntegral(new[] { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, 0.674493166),
new OrbitalIntegral(new[] { 0, 1, 0, 1 }, 0.181287518),
new OrbitalIntegral(new[] { 0, 1, 1, 0 }, 0.663472101),
new OrbitalIntegral(new[] { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, 0.697398010)
};
// We initialize a Fermion Hamiltonian data structure and add terms to it
var hamiltonian = new FermionHamiltonian();
hamiltonian.NOrbitals = nOrbitals;
hamiltonian.NElectrons = nElectrons;
hamiltonian.EnergyOffset = energyOffset;
hamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(orbitalIntegrals);
// These orbital integral terms are automatically expanded into
// spin-orbitals. We may print the Hamiltonian to see verify what it contains.
Console.WriteLine("----- Print Hamiltonian");
Console.Write(hamiltonian);
Console.WriteLine("----- End Print Hamiltonian \n");
#endregion
#region Jordan-Wigner representation
// The Jordan-Wigner encoding converts the Fermion Hamiltonian,
// expressed in terms of Fermionic operators, to a qubit Hamiltonian,
// expressed in terms of Pauli matrices. This is an essential step
// for simulating our constructed Hamiltonians on a qubit quantum
// computer.
Console.WriteLine("----- Creating Jordan-Wigner encoding");
var jordanWignerEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
Console.WriteLine("----- End Creating Jordan-Wigner encoding \n");
#endregion
#region Performing the simulation
// We are now ready to run a quantum simulation of molecular Hydrogen.
// We will use this to obtain an estimate of its ground state energy.
// Here, we make an instance of the simulator used to run our Q# code.
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
// This Jordan-Wigner data structure also contains a representation
// of the Hamiltonian made for consumption by the Q# algorithms.
var qSharpData = jordanWignerEncoding.QSharpData();
// We specify the bits of precision desired in the phase estimation
// algorithm
var bits = 7;
// We specify the step-size of the simulated time-evolution
var trotterStep = 0.4;
// Choose the Trotter integrator order
Int64 trotterOrder = 1;
// As the quantum algorithm is probabilistic, let us run a few trials.
// This may be compared to true value of
Console.WriteLine("Exact molecular Hydrogen ground state energy: -1.137260278.\n");
Console.WriteLine("----- Performing quantum energy estimation by Trotter simulation algorithm");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
// EstimateEnergyByTrotterization
// Name shold make clear that it does it by trotterized
var(phaseEst, energyEst) = GetEnergyByTrotterization.Run(qsim, qSharpData, bits, trotterStep, trotterOrder).Result;
Console.WriteLine($"Rep #{i+1}/5: Energy estimate: {energyEst}; Phase estimate: {phaseEst}");
}
Console.WriteLine("----- End Performing quantum energy estimation by Trotter simulation algorithm\n");
Console.WriteLine("----- Performing quantum energy estimation by Qubitization simulation algorithm");
for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
{
// EstimateEnergyByTrotterization
// Name shold make clear that it does it by trotterized
var(phaseEst, energyEst) = GetEnergyByQubitization.Run(qsim, qSharpData, bits).Result;
Console.WriteLine($"Rep #{i+1}/1: Energy estimate: {energyEst}; Phase estimate: {phaseEst}");
}
Console.WriteLine("----- End Performing quantum energy estimation by Qubitization simulation algorithm\n");
}
Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to continue...");
if (System.Diagnostics.Debugger.IsAttached)
{
Console.ReadLine();
}
#endregion
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
#region Parameters of Operation
// filename of the molecule to be emulated
var FILENAME = "h2_2_sto6g_1.0au.yaml";
// var FILENAME = "h4_sto6g_0.000.yaml";
// var FILENAME = "h20_nwchem.yaml";
// use this state provided in the YAML
var STATE = "|G>";
// the margin of error to use when approximating the expected value
var MOE = 0.1;
// precision to iterate over with the state preparation gate
// the number of trials is directly proportional to this constant's inverse
// the gate will be applying a transform of the form (2 pi i \phi) where \phi
// varies by the precision specified below
var ANGULAR_PRECISION = 0.01;
Console.WriteLine($"STATE: {STATE} | MOE: {MOE} | PRECISION: {ANGULAR_PRECISION}");
#endregion
#region Creating the Hamiltonian and JW Terms
// create the first hamiltonian from the YAML File
var hamiltonian = FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromYAML($@"{FILENAME}").First();
// convert the hamiltonian into it's JW Encoding
var JWEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
var data = JWEncoding.QSharpData(STATE);
// Console.WriteLine("----- Print Hamiltonian");
// Console.Write(hamiltonian);
// Console.WriteLine("----- End Print Hamiltonian \n");
#endregion
#region Convert Q# Hamiltonian
#endregion
#region Hybrid Quantum/Classical accelerator
// Feed created state and hamiltonian terms to VQE
Console.WriteLine("----- Begin VQE Simulation");
//var N = 10; // number of qubits, calculate from data???
//var oneReal = (1.0, 0.0);
//var inputCoeffs = new ComplexPolar[N];
//for (int i = 0; i < Length(inputCoeffs) - 1; i++)
// {
// inputCoeffs[i] = oneReal;
// }
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
// Simulate.Run(qsim).Wait();
// Console.WriteLine(arbitrary_test.Run(qsim, data).Result);
Console.WriteLine(Simulate.Run(qsim, data, 1.0, MOE).Result);
}
#endregion
#region Classical update scheme
// Determine how to update the starting state using classical methods
#endregion
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Prompts user whether to run naive eigensolver (QE)
// or variational eigensolver (VQE)
// QE will use the ground state provided in Broombridge file (FILENAME, see below)
// VQE will give the user the option to use the ground state from Broombridge
// as initial conditions, if not the initial conditions are all zero
Console.Write("Run QE or VQE? ");
String runString = Console.ReadLine();
#region Parameters of Operation
// filename of the molecule to be emulated
var FILENAME = "h20_nwchem.yaml";
// suggested state to include in JW Terms
var STATE = "|G>";
// the margin of error to use when approximating the expected value
// note - our current code currently maxes the number of runs to 50
// this is to prevent an exponential number of runs required given
// an arbitrary small margin of error
// if you'd like to change this parameter, feel free to edit the repeat/until loop
// in the "FindExpectedValue" method
var MOE = 0.1;
#endregion
#region Creating the Hamiltonian and JW Terms
// create the first hamiltonian from the YAML File
var hamiltonian = FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromYAML($@"{FILENAME}").First();
// convert the hamiltonian into it's JW Encoding
var JWEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
// JW encoding data to be passed to Q#
var data = JWEncoding.QSharpData(STATE);
#endregion
#region Hybrid Quantum/Classical accelerator
// Communicate to the user the choice of eigensolver
if (runString.Equals("VQE"))
{
Console.WriteLine("----- Begin VQE Setup");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("----- Begin QE Simulation");
}
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
// Block to run VQE
if (runString.Equals("VQE"))
{
string useGroundState;
// we begin by asking whether to use the YAML suggested ground or an ansatz
Console.Write("Use ground state? (yes or no): ");
useGroundState = Console.ReadLine();
// extract parameters for use below
var statePrepData = data.Item3;
var N = statePrepData.Length;
// We'd like to have a method to create an input state given parameters
// method to convert optimized parameters, i.e. the
// coefficients of the creation/annihilation operators
// to JordanWignerInputStates that can be run in the
// simulation defined in Q#
double convertDoubleArrToJWInputStateArr(double[] x)
{
var JWInputStateArr = new QArray <JordanWignerInputState>();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
{
var currJWInputState = statePrepData[i];
var positions = currJWInputState.Item2; // registers to apply coefficients
JWInputStateArr.Add(new JordanWignerInputState(((x[i], 0.0), positions)));
}
return(Simulate_Variational.Run(qsim, data, MOE, JWInputStateArr).Result);
}
// wrapper function which feeds parameters to be optimized to minimize
// the output of the simulation of the molecule defined in FILENAME
Func <double[], double> Simulate_Wrapper = (double[] x) => convertDoubleArrToJWInputStateArr(x);
// create new Nelder-Mead solver on the simulation of the molecule
var solver = new NelderMead((int)N, Simulate_Wrapper);
// create initial condition vector
var initialConds = new double[N];
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
{
if (useGroundState.Equals("yes"))
{
var currJWInputState = statePrepData[i];
var groundStateGuess = currJWInputState.Item1;
initialConds[i] = groundStateGuess.Item1;
}
else
{
initialConds[i] = 0.0;
}
}
Console.WriteLine("----Beginning computational simulation----");
// Now, we can minimize it with:
bool success = solver.Minimize(initialConds);
// And get the solution vector using
double[] solution = solver.Solution;
// The minimum at this location would be:
double minimum = solver.Value;
// Communicate VQE results to the user
// success indicates wheter the solution converged
// solution is the vector of coefficients for the creation/annihilation
// operators defined in positions (defined in convertDoubleArrToJWInputStateArr)
// minimum is the value of the minimum energy found by VQE
Console.WriteLine($"Solution converged: {success}");
Console.WriteLine("The solution is: " + String.Join(" ", solution));
Console.WriteLine($"The minimum is: {minimum}");
}
else
{ // Run QE 5 times
Console.WriteLine(Simulate.Run(qsim, data, MOE, 5).Result);
}
}
#endregion
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
#region Parameters of Operation
// filename of the molecule to be emulated
// var FILENAME = "h2_2_sto6g_1.0au.yaml";
var FILENAME = "h4_sto6g_0.000.yaml";
// var FILENAME = "h20_nwchem.yaml";
// use this state provided in the YAML.
var STATE = "|G>";
// the margin of error to use when approximating the expected value
var MOE = 0.1;
// precision to iterate over with the state preparation gate
// the number of trials is directly proportional to this constant's inverse
// the gate will be applying a transform of the form (2 pi i \phi) where \phi
// varies by the precision specified below
var ANGULAR_PRECISION = 0.01;
Console.WriteLine($"STATE: {STATE} | MOE: {MOE} | PRECISION: {ANGULAR_PRECISION}");
#endregion
#region Creating the Hamiltonian and JW Terms
// create the first hamiltonian from the YAML File
var hamiltonian = FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromYAML($@"{FILENAME}").First();
// convert the hamiltonian into it's JW Encoding
var JWEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hamiltonian);
var data = JWEncoding.QSharpData(STATE);
// Console.WriteLine("----- Print Hamiltonian");
// Console.Write(hamiltonian);
// Console.WriteLine("----- End Print Hamiltonian \n");
#endregion
#region Hybrid Quantum/Classical accelerator
// Feed created state and hamiltonian terms to VQE
Console.WriteLine("----- Begin VQE Simulation");
//var N = 10; // number of qubits, calculate from data???
//var oneReal = (1.0, 0.0);
//var inputCoeffs = new ComplexPolar[N];
//for (int i = 0; i < Length(inputCoeffs) - 1; i++)
// {
// inputCoeffs[i] = oneReal;
// }
ResourcesEstimator estimator = new ResourcesEstimator();
Simulate.Run(estimator, data, 1.0, MOE).Wait();
//Aux.Run(estimator).Wait();
var configCNOT = new QCTraceSimulatorConfiguration();
configCNOT.useDepthCounter = true;
configCNOT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.CNOT] = 1.0;
configCNOT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.Measure] = 0.0;
configCNOT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.QubitClifford] = 0.0;
configCNOT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.R] = 0.0;
configCNOT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.T] = 0.0;
var traceSimCNOT = new QCTraceSimulator(configCNOT);
Simulate.Run(traceSimCNOT, data, 1.0, MOE).Wait();
double cnotDepth = traceSimCNOT.GetMetric <Simulate>(DepthCounter.Metrics.Depth);
var configT = new QCTraceSimulatorConfiguration();
configT.useDepthCounter = true;
configT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.CNOT] = 0.0;
configT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.Measure] = 0.0;
configT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.QubitClifford] = 0.0;
configT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.R] = 0.0;
configT.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.T] = 1.0;
var traceSimT = new QCTraceSimulator(configT);
Simulate.Run(traceSimT, data, 1.0, MOE).Wait();
double tDepth = traceSimT.GetMetric <Simulate>(DepthCounter.Metrics.Depth);
var configClifford = new QCTraceSimulatorConfiguration();
configClifford.useDepthCounter = true;
configClifford.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.CNOT] = 0.0;
configClifford.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.Measure] = 0.0;
configClifford.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.QubitClifford] = 1.0;
configClifford.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.R] = 0.0;
configClifford.gateTimes[PrimitiveOperationsGroups.T] = 0.0;
var traceSimClifford = new QCTraceSimulator(configClifford);
Simulate.Run(traceSimClifford, data, 1.0, MOE).Wait();
double cliffordDepth = traceSimClifford.GetMetric <Simulate>(DepthCounter.Metrics.Depth);
Console.WriteLine(estimator.ToTSV());
Console.WriteLine($"CNOT depth is {cnotDepth}");
Console.WriteLine($"T depth is {tDepth}");
Console.WriteLine($"Clifford depth is {cliffordDepth}");
#endregion
#region Classical update scheme
// Determine how to update the starting state using classical methods
#endregion
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var logger = Logging.LoggerFactory.CreateLogger <Program>();
// Directory containing integral data generated by Microsoft.
//Example Liquid data format files
/*
* "h2_sto3g_4.dat" // 4 SO
* "B_sto6g.dat" // 10 SO
* "Be_sto6g_10.dat" // 10 SO
* "h2o_sto6g_14.dat" // 14 SO
* "h2s_sto6g_22.dat" // 22 SO
* "co2_sto3g_30.dat" // 30 SO
* "co2_p321_54.dat" // 54 SO
* "fe2s2_sto3g.dat" // 110 SO
* "nitrogenase_tzvp_54.dat" // 108 SO
*/
string LiquidRoot = @"..\IntegralData\Liquid\";
string LiquidFilename = "h2_sto3g_4.dat";
// Number of electrons. This must be specified for the liquid format.
var LiquidElectrons = 2;
// Read Hamiltonian terms from file.
// Stopwatch for logging time to process file.
Stopwatch stopWatch = new Stopwatch();
stopWatch.Start();
// For loading data in the format consumed by Liquid.
logger.LogInformation($"Processing {LiquidFilename}");
var generalHamiltonian = FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromLiquid($@"{LiquidRoot}\{LiquidFilename}").Single();
generalHamiltonian.NElectrons = LiquidElectrons;
logger.LogInformation($"Liquid Load took {stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds}ms");
stopWatch.Restart();
// For loading data in the YAML format.
//string YAMLRoot = @"..\IntegralData\YAML\";
//string YAMLFilename = "lih_sto-3g_0.800_int.yaml";
//var generalHamiltonian = FermionHamiltonian.LoadFromYAML($@"{YAMLRoot}\{YAMLFilename}").Single();
//logger.LogInformation($"YAML Load took {stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds}ms");
//stopWatch.Restart();
// Logs spin orbital data in Logger.Message.
generalHamiltonian.LogSpinOrbitals();
// Process Hamiltonitn to obtain Jordan-Wigner representation.
// Comment on what an evolutionset is.
var jordanWignerEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(generalHamiltonian);
// Logs Jordan-Wigner representation data in Logger.Message.
jordanWignerEncoding.LogSpinOrbitals();
logger.LogInformation("End read file");
// We begin by making an instance of the simulator that we will use to run our Q# code.
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
// Converts jordanWignerEncoding into format consumable by Q#.
var qSharpData = jordanWignerEncoding.QSharpData();
#region Calling into Q#
// Bits of precision in phase estimation.
var bits = 10;
// Repetitions to find minimum energy.
var reps = 5;
// Run phase estimation simulation using Jordan-Wigner Trotterization.
var runJW = true;
// Trotter step size.
var trotterStep = .4;
// Run phase estimation simulation using Jordan-Wigner Trotterization with optimzied circuit.
var runJWOptimized = true;
// Run phase estimation simulation using Jordan-Wigner qubitization.
var runJWQubitization = true;
if (runJW)
{
for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++)
{
var(phaseEst, energyEst) = TrotterEstimateEnergy.Run(qsim, qSharpData, bits, trotterStep).Result;
logger.LogInformation($"Trotter simulation. phase: {phaseEst}; energy {energyEst}");
}
}
if (runJWOptimized)
{
for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++)
{
var(phaseEst, energyEst) = OptimizedTrotterEstimateEnergy.Run(qsim, qSharpData, bits - 1, trotterStep).Result;
logger.LogInformation($"Optimized Trotter simulation. phase {phaseEst}; energy {energyEst}");
}
}
if (runJWQubitization)
{
for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++)
{
var(phaseEst, energyEst) = QubitizationEstimateEnergy.Run(qsim, qSharpData, bits - 2).Result;
logger.LogInformation($"Qubitization simulation. phase: {phaseEst}; energy {energyEst}");
}
}
#endregion
}
if (System.Diagnostics.Debugger.IsAttached)
{
System.Console.ReadLine();
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Introduction //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// In this example, we will estimate the ground state energy of
// 1D Hubbard Hamiltonian using the quantum chemistry library.
// The 1D Hubbard model has `n` sites. Let `i` be the site index,
// `s` = 1,0 be the spin index, where 0 is up and 1 is down, `t` be the
// hopping coefficient, `u` the repulsion coefficient, and aᵢₛ the fermionic
// annihilation operator on the fermion indexed by `(i,s)`. The Hamiltonian
// of this model is
//
// H ≔ - t Σᵢ (a†ᵢₛ aᵢ₊₁ₛ + a†ᵢ₊₁ₛ aᵢₛ) + u Σᵢ a†ᵢ₀ a†ᵢ₁ aᵢ₁ aᵢ₀
//
// Note that we use closed boundary conditions.
#region Building the Hubbard Hamiltonian through orbital integrals
var t = 0.2; // hopping coefficient
var u = 1.0; // repulsion coefficient
var nSites = 6; // number of sites;
// Construct Hubbard Hamiltonian
var hubbardHamiltonian = new FermionHamiltonian(nOrbitals: nSites, nElectrons: nSites);
foreach (var i in Enumerable.Range(0, nSites))
{
hubbardHamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(new OrbitalIntegral(new[] { i, (i + 1) % nSites }, -t));
hubbardHamiltonian.AddFermionTerm(new OrbitalIntegral(new[] { i, i, i, i }, u));
}
// Let us verify that both Hamiltonians are identical
hubbardHamiltonian.SortAndAccumulate();
Console.WriteLine($"Hubbard Hamiltonian:");
Console.WriteLine(hubbardHamiltonian + "\n");
#endregion
#region Estimating energies by simulating quantum phase estimation
var jordanWignerEncoding = JordanWignerEncoding.Create(hubbardHamiltonian);
var qSharpData = jordanWignerEncoding.QSharpData();
Console.WriteLine($"Estimate Hubbard Hamiltonian energy:");
// Bits of precision in phase estimation.
var bits = 7;
// Repetitions to find minimum energy.
var reps = 5;
// Trotter step size
var trotterStep = 0.5;
using (var qsim = new QuantumSimulator())
{
for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++)
{
// EstimateEnergyByTrotterization
// Name shold make clear that it does it by trotterized
var(phaseEst, energyEst) = GetEnergy.Run(qsim, qSharpData, bits, trotterStep).Result;
Console.WriteLine($"Rep #{i}: Energy estimate: {energyEst}; Phase estimate: {phaseEst}");
}
}
Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to continue...");
if (System.Diagnostics.Debugger.IsAttached)
{
Console.ReadLine();
}
#endregion
}