/// <summary>
/// Renders all visual elements in the scene. This is called by the main
/// Render() function, and also by the RenderIntoCubeMap() function.
/// </summary>
void RenderScene()
{
// Render the skybox
// Save current state
Matrix matViewSave, matProjSave;
matViewSave = device.Transform.View;
matProjSave = device.Transform.Projection;
// Disable zbuffer, center view matrix, and set FOV to 90 degrees
Matrix matView = matViewSave;
Matrix matProj = matViewSave;
matView.M41 = matView.M42 = matView.M43 = 0.0f;
matProj = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI / 2, 1.0f, 0.5f, 10000.0f);
device.Transform.Projection = matProj;
device.Transform.View = matView;
device.RenderState.ZBufferEnable = false;
// Render the skybox
skyBox.Render(device);
// Restore the render states
device.Transform.Projection = matProjSave;
device.Transform.View = matViewSave;
device.RenderState.ZBufferEnable = true;
// Render any other elements of the scene here. In this sample, only a
// skybox is render, but a much more interesting scene could be rendered
// instead.
}
/// <summary>
/// Called once per frame, the call is the entry point for 3d rendering. This
/// function sets up render states, clears the viewport, and renders the scene.
/// </summary>
protected override void Render()
{
// Clear the viewport
device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, System.Drawing.Color.Black, 1.0f, 0);
device.BeginScene();
// Stage 0 is the base texture, with the height map in the alpha channel
device.SetTexture(0, embossTexture);
device.TextureState[0].TextureCoordinateIndex = 0;
device.TextureState[0].ColorOperation = TextureOperation.Modulate;
device.TextureState[0].ColorArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
device.TextureState[0].ColorArgument2 = TextureArgument.Diffuse;
device.TextureState[0].AlphaOperation = TextureOperation.SelectArg1;
device.TextureState[0].AlphaArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
if (isShowingEmbossMethod)
{
// Stage 1 passes through the RGB channels (SelectArg2 = Current), and
// does a signed add with the inverted alpha channel. The texture coords
// associated with Stage 1 are the shifted ones, so the result is:
// (height - shifted_height) * tex.RGB * diffuse.RGB
device.SetTexture(1, embossTexture);
device.TextureState[1].TextureCoordinateIndex = 1;
device.TextureState[1].ColorOperation = TextureOperation.SelectArg2;
device.TextureState[1].ColorArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
device.TextureState[1].ColorArgument2 = TextureArgument.Current;
device.TextureState[1].AlphaOperation = TextureOperation.AddSigned;
device.TextureState[1].AlphaArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor | TextureArgument.Complement;
device.TextureState[1].AlphaArgument2 = TextureArgument.Current;
// Set up the alpha blender to multiply the alpha channel (monochrome emboss)
// with the src color (lighted texture)
device.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = true;
device.RenderState.SourceBlend = Blend.SourceAlpha;
device.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.Zero;
}
// Render the object
renderObject.Render(device);
// Restore render states
device.TextureState[1].ColorOperation = TextureOperation.Disable;
device.TextureState[1].AlphaOperation = TextureOperation.Disable;
device.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = false;
// Output statistics
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 1, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, frameStats);
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 20, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, deviceStats);
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 40, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, "Move the light with the mouse");
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 60, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, "Emboss-mode:");
drawingFont.DrawText(130, 60, System.Drawing.Color.White, isShowingEmbossMethod ? "ON" : "OFF");
device.EndScene();
}
/// <summary>
/// Renders all objects in the scene.
/// </summary>
public void RenderScene()
{
Matrix matLocal, matWorldSaved;
matWorldSaved = device.Transform.World;
// Build the local matrix
matLocal = Matrix.Multiply(teapotMatrix, matWorldSaved);
device.Transform.World = matLocal;
// Render the object
teapotMesh.Render(device);
device.Transform.World = matWorldSaved;
// Output statistics
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 1, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, frameStats);
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 20, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, deviceStats);
}
/// <summary>
/// Called once per frame, the call is the entry point for 3d rendering. This
/// function sets up render states, clears the viewport, and renders the scene.
/// </summary>
protected override void Render()
{
// Clear the viewport
device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, System.Drawing.Color.Blue, 1.0f, 0);
device.BeginScene();
if (useShader)
{
device.VertexFormat = BlendVertex.Format;
device.VertexShader = shader;
device.SetStreamSource(0, vertexBuffer, 0, DXHelp.GetTypeSize(typeof(BlendVertex)));
device.Indices = indexBuffer;
device.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, numVertices, 0, numFaces);
}
else
{
device.VertexShader = null;
// Enable vertex blending using API
device.Transform.World = upperArm;
device.Transform.World1 = lowerArm;
renderState.VertexBlend = VertexBlend.OneWeights;
// Display the object
blendObject.Render(device);
}
// Output statistics
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 1, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, frameStats);
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 20, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, deviceStats);
if (useShader)
{
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 40, System.Drawing.Color.White, "Using vertex shader");
}
else
{
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 40, System.Drawing.Color.White, "Using RenderState.VertexBlend");
}
device.EndScene();
}
/// <summary>
/// Renders the scene
/// </summary>
private void RenderScene()
{
// Render terrain
device.Transform.World = terrainMatrix;
terrainMesh.Render(device);
// Draw the mirror
device.SetTexture(0, null);
device.Material = mirrorMaterial;
device.Transform.World = mirrorMatrix;
device.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = true;
device.RenderState.SourceBlend = Blend.DestinationColor;
device.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.Zero;
device.VertexFormat = MirrorVertex.Format;
device.SetStreamSource(0, mirrorVertexBuffer, 0);
device.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleStrip, 0, 2);
device.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = false;
// Draw the object. Note: do this last, in case the object has alpha
device.Transform.World = helicopterMatrix;
helicopterMesh.Render(device);
}
/// <summary>
/// Called once per frame, the call is the entry point for 3d rendering. This
/// function sets up render states, clears the viewport, and renders the scene.
/// </summary>
protected override void Render()
{
// Clear the viewport
device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, System.Drawing.Color.Black, 1.0f, 0);
device.BeginScene();
// Center view matrix for skybox and disable zbuffer
Matrix matView, matViewSave;
matViewSave = device.Transform.View;
matView = matViewSave;
matView.M41 = 0.0f; matView.M42 = -3.0f; matView.M43 = 0.0f;
device.Transform.View = matView;
device.RenderState.ZBufferEnable = false;
// Some cards do not disable writing to Z when
// D3DRS_ZENABLE is FALSE. So do it explicitly
device.RenderState.ZBufferWriteEnable = false;
// Render the skybox
skyBoxMesh.Render(device);
// Restore the render states
device.Transform.View = matViewSave;
device.RenderState.ZBufferEnable = true;
device.RenderState.ZBufferWriteEnable = true;
// Draw the terrain
terrainMesh.Render(device);
// Draw the trees
DrawTrees();
// Output statistics
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 1, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, frameStats);
drawingFont.DrawText(2, 20, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, deviceStats);
device.EndScene();
}
/// <summary>
/// Called once per frame, the call is the entry point for 3d rendering. This
/// function sets up render states, clears the viewport, and renders the scene.
/// </summary>
protected override void Render()
{
// Clear the viewport
device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer | ClearFlags.Stencil, fogColor, 1.0f, 0);
device.BeginScene();
device.Transform.World = terrainMatrix;
terrainObject.Render(device);
device.Transform.World = objectMatrix;
airplane.Render(device, true, false);
// Render the shadow volume into the stencil buffer, then add it into
// the scene
RenderShadow();
DrawShadow();
// Output statistics
font.DrawText(2, 1, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, frameStats);
font.DrawText(2, 20, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, deviceStats);
device.EndScene();
}
/// <summary>
/// Called once per frame, the call is the entry point for 3d
/// rendering. This function sets up render states, clears the
/// viewport, and renders the scene.
/// </summary>
protected override void Render()
{
// Begin the scene
device.BeginScene();
// Render the Skybox
{
Matrix world = Matrix.Scaling(10.0f, 10.0f, 10.0f);
Matrix view = matView;
view.M41 = view.M42 = view.M43 = 0.0f;
device.Transform.World = world;
device.Transform.View = view;
device.Transform.Projection = matProject;
device.TextureState[0].ColorArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
device.TextureState[0].ColorOperation = TextureOperation.SelectArg1;
device.SamplerState[0].MinFilter = TextureFilter.Linear;
device.SamplerState[0].MagFilter = TextureFilter.Linear;
device.SamplerState[0].AddressU = TextureAddress.Wrap;
device.SamplerState[0].AddressV = TextureAddress.Wrap;
// Always pass Z-test, so we can avoid clearing color and depth buffers
device.RenderState.ZBufferFunction = Compare.Always;
skyBox.Render(device);
device.RenderState.ZBufferFunction = Compare.LessEqual;
}
// Render the environment-mapped ShinyTeapot
{
// Set transform state
Matrix viewProject = Matrix.Multiply(matView, matProject);
Matrix matViewInv = Matrix.Invert(matView);
Vector4 vecPosition = new Vector4(matViewInv.M41, matViewInv.M42, matViewInv.M43, 1.0f);
effect.SetValue("matWorld", matWorld);
effect.SetValue("matViewProject", viewProject);
effect.SetValue("vecPosition", vecPosition);
// Draw teapot
VertexBuffer vb = shinyTeapot.LocalVertexBuffer;
IndexBuffer ib = shinyTeapot.LocalIndexBuffer;
device.VertexFormat = shinyTeapot.LocalMesh.VertexFormat;
device.SetStreamSource(0, vb, 0, DXHelp.GetTypeSize(typeof(EnvMappedVertex)));
device.Indices = ib;
int passes = effect.Begin(0);
for (int iPass = 0; iPass < passes; iPass++)
{
effect.Pass(iPass);
device.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0,
0, shinyTeapot.LocalMesh.NumberVertices,
0, shinyTeapot.LocalMesh.NumberFaces);
}
effect.End();
}
// Output statistics
font.DrawText(2, 1, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, frameStats);
font.DrawText(2, 21, System.Drawing.Color.Yellow, deviceStats);
// End the scene.
device.EndScene();
}
/// <summary>
/// Renders all visual elements in the scene. This is called by the main
/// Render() function, and also by the RenderIntoCubeMap() function.
/// </summary>
private void RenderScene(Matrix View, Matrix Project, bool canRenderTeapot)
{
// Render the Skybox
{
Matrix matWorld = Matrix.Scaling(10.0f, 10.0f, 10.0f);
Matrix matView = View;
matView.M41 = matView.M42 = matView.M43 = 0.0f;
device.Transform.World = matWorld;
device.Transform.View = matView;
device.Transform.Projection = Project;
device.TextureState[0].ColorArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
device.TextureState[0].ColorOperation = TextureOperation.SelectArg1;
device.SamplerState[0].MinFilter = TextureFilter.Linear;
device.SamplerState[0].MagFilter = TextureFilter.Linear;
device.SamplerState[0].AddressU = TextureAddress.Mirror;
device.SamplerState[0].AddressV = TextureAddress.Mirror;
// Always pass Z-test, so we can avoid clearing color and depth buffers
device.RenderState.ZBufferFunction = Compare.Always;
skyBoxMesh.Render(device);
device.RenderState.ZBufferFunction = Compare.LessEqual;
}
// Render the Airplane
{
device.Transform.World = airplaneMatrix;
device.Transform.View = View;
device.Transform.Projection = Project;
device.TextureState[0].ColorArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
device.TextureState[0].ColorOperation = TextureOperation.SelectArg1;
device.SamplerState[0].MinFilter = TextureFilter.Linear;
device.SamplerState[0].MagFilter = TextureFilter.Linear;
device.SamplerState[0].AddressU = TextureAddress.Wrap;
device.SamplerState[0].AddressV = TextureAddress.Wrap;
airplaneMesh.Render(device, true, false);
device.Transform.World = worldMatrix;
}
// Render the environment-mapped ShinyTeapot
if (canRenderTeapot)
{
// Set transform state
if (cubeMap != null)
{
effect.SetValue(worldMatrixHandle, worldMatrix);
effect.SetValue(viewMatrixHandle, View);
}
else
{
Matrix matWorldView = Matrix.Multiply(worldMatrix, View);
effect.SetValue(worldViewMatrixHandle, matWorldView);
}
effect.SetValue(projectionMatrixHandle, Project);
// Draw teapot
VertexBuffer tempVertexBuffer = shinyTeapotMesh.LocalVertexBuffer;
IndexBuffer tempIndexBuffer = shinyTeapotMesh.LocalIndexBuffer;
int numVert = shinyTeapotMesh.LocalMesh.NumberVertices;
int numFace = shinyTeapotMesh.LocalMesh.NumberFaces;
device.SetStreamSource(0, tempVertexBuffer, 0, DXHelp.GetTypeSize(typeof(EnvMappedVertex)));
device.VertexFormat = EnvMappedVertex.Format;
device.Indices = tempIndexBuffer;
int Passes = effect.Begin(0);
for (int iPass = 0; iPass < Passes; iPass++)
{
effect.Pass(iPass);
device.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
0, 0, numVert, 0, numFace);
}
effect.End();
}
}