// Notification raised after ADAL accessed the cache.
    // If the HasStateChanged flag is set, ADAL changed the content of the cache
    void AfterAccessNotification(TokenCacheNotificationArgs args) {
      // if state changed
        if (this.HasStateChanged)
        {
            //for a first time person, cache is null.
            if (Cache == null)
            {
                //created a new object
                Cache = new PerUserWebCache
                {
                    WebUserUniqueId = User,
                    CacheBits = this.Serialize(),
                    LastWrite = DateTime.Now
                };

                //add it to the DbContext
                db.PerUserCacheList.Add(Cache);
            }
            else
            {
                //update the CacheBits and LastWrite on the existing cache object.
                Cache.CacheBits = this.Serialize();
                Cache.LastWrite = DateTime.Now;
                db.Entry(Cache).State = EntityState.Modified;
            }

            //update the database
            db.SaveChanges();

            //reset the flag
            this.HasStateChanged = false;
        }
    }
    // constructor
    public EfAdalTokenCache(string user) {
      // associate the cache to the current user of the web app
      User = user;

      this.AfterAccess = AfterAccessNotification;
      this.BeforeAccess = BeforeAccessNotification;
      this.BeforeWrite = BeforeWriteNotification;

      // look up the entry in the DB
      Cache = db.PerUserCacheList.FirstOrDefault(c => c.WebUserUniqueId== User);
      // place the entry in memory
      this.Deserialize((Cache == null) ? null : Cache.CacheBits);
    }
    // Notification raised before ADAL accesses the cache.
    // This is your chance to update the in-memory copy from the DB, if the in-memory version is stale
    void BeforeAccessNotification(TokenCacheNotificationArgs args) {
      if (Cache == null) {
        // first time access
        Cache = db.PerUserCacheList.FirstOrDefault(c => c.WebUserUniqueId == User);
      } else {   // retrieve last write from the DB
        var status = from e in db.PerUserCacheList
                     where (e.WebUserUniqueId == User)
                     select new {
                       LastWrite = e.LastWrite
                     };
        // if the in-memory copy is older than the persistent copy
        if (status.First().LastWrite > Cache.LastWrite)
        //// read from from storage, update in-memory copy 
        {
          Cache = db.PerUserCacheList.FirstOrDefault(c => c.WebUserUniqueId == User);
        }
      }


      this.Deserialize((Cache == null) ? null : Cache.CacheBits);
    }