/// <summary>
/// Construct a node
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">name of the node</param>
/// <param name="domain">the domain of the node (list of states the node can be in)</param>
/// <param name="values">the probabilities of those states given all possible parent states</param>
/// <param name="parents">the parent nodes</param>
public BayesianNode(string name, string[] domain, double[] values, params BayesianNode[] parents)
{
this.var = new RandomVariable(name, domain);
this.children = new List <BayesianNode>();
foreach (BayesianNode p in parents)
{
p.children.Add(this);
}
RandomVariable[] vars = parents
.Select <BayesianNode, RandomVariable>(p => p.var)
.Concat(new RandomVariable[] { this.var })
.ToArray();
// Validating the node configuration
int numberOfValues = vars.Aggregate <RandomVariable, int>(1, (acc, next) => acc * next.tokens.Length);
if (numberOfValues != values.Length)
{
throw new ArgumentException("The expect number of values for node " + name + " is " + numberOfValues +
". The actual number of value given is " + values.Length);
}
this.cpt = new CPT(vars, values);
}
private void CategoriseEntries(CPT factor, int[] commVarsIndices, Dictionary <CptKey, List <CptEntry> > mapping)
{
foreach (CptEntry entry in factor.cpt)
{
CptKey key = entry.key.Extract(commVarsIndices);
if (!mapping.ContainsKey(key))
{
mapping.Add(key, new List <CptEntry>());
}
mapping[key].Add(entry);
}
}
internal CPT PointWiseProduct(CPT other)
{
IEnumerable <RandomVariable> commonVars = this.vars.Intersect(other.vars);
HashSet <RandomVariable> rightVars = new HashSet <RandomVariable>(other.vars);
rightVars.ExceptWith(commonVars);
int[] commVarsIndicesInLeft = commonVars.Select <RandomVariable, int>(v => keyPosMap[v]).ToArray();
int[] commVarsIndicesInRight = commonVars.Select <RandomVariable, int>(v => other.keyPosMap[v]).ToArray();
List <RandomVariable> varsInResultCPT = new List <RandomVariable>(this.vars);
List <RandomVariable> rightVarsInResult = new List <RandomVariable>(other.vars);
rightVarsInResult.RemoveAll(v => commonVars.Contains(v));
varsInResultCPT.AddRange(rightVarsInResult);
Dictionary <RandomVariable, int> newKeyPosMap = new Dictionary <RandomVariable, int>();
for (int i = 0; i < varsInResultCPT.Count(); i++)
{
newKeyPosMap.Add(varsInResultCPT[i], i);
}
int newCptSize = varsInResultCPT.Aggregate <RandomVariable, int>(1, (acc, v) => acc * v.tokens.Length);
CptEntry[] newCptEntries = new CptEntry[newCptSize];
Dictionary <CptKey, List <CptEntry> > mapping = new Dictionary <CptKey, List <CptEntry> >();
CategoriseEntries(other, commVarsIndicesInRight, mapping);
int cptIndex = 0;
foreach (CptEntry leftEntry in this.cpt)
{
CptKey key = leftEntry.key.Extract(commVarsIndicesInLeft);
List <CptEntry> right = mapping[key];
foreach (CptEntry rightEntry in right)
{
CptKey newKey = leftEntry.key.Concat(rightEntry.key.Remove(commVarsIndicesInRight));
newCptEntries[cptIndex] = new CptEntry(newKey, leftEntry.value * rightEntry.value);
cptIndex++;
}
}
return(new CPT(varsInResultCPT.ToArray(), newKeyPosMap, newCptEntries));
}
/// <summary>
/// Given a BayesianNode object and an array of Proposition objects as observations,
/// this function perform inferences and return the inferred distribution of the node variable.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="query">the BayesianNode object being query</param>
/// <param name="observations">the array of Proposition objects</param>
/// <returns>a distribution table for the values of the query node</returns>
public double[] Infer(BayesianNode query, params Proposition[] observations)
{
try {
string[] evidenceNames = observations.Select(o => o.name).ToArray();
IEnumerable <BayesianNode> nodes = TopologicalSort(network.GetNodes()).Reverse();
HashSet <BayesianNode> relevantNodes = new HashSet <BayesianNode>();
relevantNodes.Add(query);
foreach (Proposition p in observations)
{
relevantNodes.Add(network.FindNode(p.name));
}
MarkRelevantVariables(relevantNodes, nodes);
// Remove variables that are not ancestor of a query variable or evidence variable
nodes = nodes.Intersect(relevantNodes);
List <CPT> factors = new List <CPT>();
foreach (BayesianNode node in nodes)
{
factors.Add(node.MakeFactor(observations));
if (node.var.name.Equals(query.var.name) || Array.IndexOf(evidenceNames, node.var.name) >= 0)
{
continue;
}
CPT[] factorsToSumOut = factors.Where(f => f.ContainsVar(node.var)).ToArray();
factors.RemoveAll(f => Array.IndexOf(factorsToSumOut, f) != -1);
CPT factorToSumOut;
if (factorsToSumOut.Count() > 1)
{
factorToSumOut = factorsToSumOut.Skip(1).Aggregate(factorsToSumOut.First(), (acc, f) => acc.PointWiseProduct(f));
}
else
{
factorToSumOut = factorsToSumOut.First();
}
CPT afterSumOut = factorToSumOut.SumOut(node.var);
factors.Add(afterSumOut);
}
CPT result;
if (factors.Count() > 1)
{
result = factors.Skip(1).Aggregate <CPT, CPT>(factors.First(), (acc, f) => acc.PointWiseProduct(f));
}
else
{
result = factors.First();
}
return(result.Distribution());
} catch (Exception e)
{
throw new Exception("Unable to perform inference on the network. " +
"Please make sure the network is valid and the propositions are valid. " +
"Contact the author of this library if you suspect it is a problem in the library." +
"Actual Error (Reason: " + e.Message + " " + e.StackTrace + ")"
);
}
}