TypeInference CreateNestedInstance()
		{
			TypeInference c = new TypeInference(compilation, conversions);
			c.algorithm = algorithm;
			c.nestingLevel = nestingLevel + 1;
			return c;
		}
		IEnumerable<ICompletionData> CreateTypeCompletionData(IType hintType)
		{
			var wrapper = new CompletionDataWrapper(this);
			var state = GetState();
			Func<IType, IType> pred = null;
			Action<ICompletionData, IType> typeCallback = null;
			var inferredTypesCategory = new Category("Inferred Types", null);
			var derivedTypesCategory = new Category("Derived Types", null);
			if (hintType != null) {
				if (hintType.Kind != TypeKind.Unknown) {
					var lookup = new MemberLookup(
						ctx.CurrentTypeDefinition,
						Compilation.MainAssembly
						);
					typeCallback = (data, t) => {
						//check if type is in inheritance tree.
						if (hintType.GetDefinition() != null &&
						    t.GetDefinition() != null &&
						    t.GetDefinition().IsDerivedFrom(hintType.GetDefinition())) {
							data.CompletionCategory = derivedTypesCategory;
						}
					};
					pred = t => {
						if (t.Kind == TypeKind.Interface && hintType.Kind != TypeKind.Array) {
							return null;
						}
						// check for valid constructors
						if (t.GetConstructors().Count() > 0) {
							bool isProtectedAllowed = currentType != null ? 
								currentType.Resolve(ctx).GetDefinition().IsDerivedFrom(t.GetDefinition()) : false;
							if (!t.GetConstructors().Any(m => lookup.IsAccessible(m, isProtectedAllowed))) {
								return null;
							}
						}

						// check derived types
						var typeDef = t.GetDefinition();
						var hintDef = hintType.GetDefinition();
						if (typeDef != null && hintDef != null && typeDef.IsDerivedFrom(hintDef)) {
							var newType = wrapper.AddType(t, true);
							if (newType != null) {
								newType.CompletionCategory = inferredTypesCategory;
							}
						}
						
						// check type inference
						var typeInference = new TypeInference(Compilation);
						typeInference.Algorithm = TypeInferenceAlgorithm.ImprovedReturnAllResults;

						var inferedType = typeInference.FindTypeInBounds (new [] { t }, new [] { hintType });
						if (inferedType != SpecialType.UnknownType) {
							var newType = wrapper.AddType(inferedType, true);
							if (newType != null) {
								newType.CompletionCategory = inferredTypesCategory;
							}
							return null;
						}
						return t;
					};
					if (!(hintType.Kind == TypeKind.Interface && hintType.Kind != TypeKind.Array)) {
						var hint = wrapper.AddType(hintType, true);
						DefaultCompletionString = hint.DisplayText;
						if (hint != null) {
							hint.CompletionCategory = derivedTypesCategory;
						}
					}
					if (hintType is ParameterizedType && hintType.TypeParameterCount == 1 && hintType.FullName == "System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable") {
						var arg = ((ParameterizedType)hintType).TypeArguments.FirstOrDefault();
						if (arg.Kind != TypeKind.TypeParameter) {
							var array = new ArrayType (ctx.Compilation, arg, 1);
							wrapper.AddType(array, true);
						}
					}
				} else {
					var hint = wrapper.AddType(hintType, true);
					if (hint != null) {
						DefaultCompletionString = hint.DisplayText;
						hint.CompletionCategory = derivedTypesCategory;
					}
				}
			} 
			AddTypesAndNamespaces(wrapper, state, null, pred, m => false, typeCallback);
			if (hintType == null || hintType == SpecialType.UnknownType) {
				AddKeywords(wrapper, primitiveTypesKeywords.Where(k => k != "void"));
			}
			
			CloseOnSquareBrackets = true;
			AutoCompleteEmptyMatch = true;
			AutoCompleteEmptyMatchOnCurlyBracket = false;
			return wrapper.Result;
		}
		void RunTypeInference(Candidate candidate)
		{
			if (candidate.TypeParameters == null) {
				if (explicitlyGivenTypeArguments != null) {
					// method does not expect type arguments, but was given some
					candidate.AddError(OverloadResolutionErrors.WrongNumberOfTypeArguments);
				}
				// Grab new parameter types:
				ResolveParameterTypes(candidate, true);
				return;
			}
			ParameterizedType parameterizedDeclaringType = candidate.Member.DeclaringType as ParameterizedType;
			IList<IType> classTypeArguments;
			if (parameterizedDeclaringType != null) {
				classTypeArguments = parameterizedDeclaringType.TypeArguments;
			} else {
				classTypeArguments = null;
			}
			// The method is generic:
			if (explicitlyGivenTypeArguments != null) {
				if (explicitlyGivenTypeArguments.Length == candidate.TypeParameters.Count) {
					candidate.InferredTypes = explicitlyGivenTypeArguments;
				} else {
					candidate.AddError(OverloadResolutionErrors.WrongNumberOfTypeArguments);
					// wrong number of type arguments given, so truncate the list or pad with UnknownType
					candidate.InferredTypes = new IType[candidate.TypeParameters.Count];
					for (int i = 0; i < candidate.InferredTypes.Length; i++) {
						if (i < explicitlyGivenTypeArguments.Length)
							candidate.InferredTypes[i] = explicitlyGivenTypeArguments[i];
						else
							candidate.InferredTypes[i] = SpecialType.UnknownType;
					}
				}
			} else {
				TypeInference ti = new TypeInference(compilation, conversions);
				bool success;
				candidate.InferredTypes = ti.InferTypeArguments(candidate.TypeParameters, arguments, candidate.ParameterTypes, out success, classTypeArguments);
				if (!success)
					candidate.AddError(OverloadResolutionErrors.TypeInferenceFailed);
			}
			// Now substitute in the formal parameters:
			var substitution = new ConstraintValidatingSubstitution(classTypeArguments, candidate.InferredTypes, this);
			for (int i = 0; i < candidate.ParameterTypes.Length; i++) {
				candidate.ParameterTypes[i] = candidate.ParameterTypes[i].AcceptVisitor(substitution);
			}
			if (!substitution.ConstraintsValid)
				candidate.AddError(OverloadResolutionErrors.ConstructedTypeDoesNotSatisfyConstraint);
		}
			public OccursInVisitor(TypeInference typeInference)
			{
				this.tp = typeInference.typeParameters;
				this.Occurs = new bool[tp.Length];
			}
		public static IType GuessType(RefactoringContext context, AstNode expr)
		{
			if (expr is SimpleType && expr.Role == Roles.TypeArgument) {
				if (expr.Parent is MemberReferenceExpression || expr.Parent is IdentifierExpression) {
					var rr = context.Resolve (expr.Parent);
					var argumentNumber = expr.Parent.GetChildrenByRole (Roles.TypeArgument).TakeWhile (c => c != expr).Count ();
					
					var mgrr = rr as MethodGroupResolveResult;
					if (mgrr != null && mgrr.Methods.Any () && mgrr.Methods.First ().TypeArguments.Count > argumentNumber)
						return mgrr.Methods.First ().TypeParameters[argumentNumber]; 
				} else if (expr.Parent is MemberType || expr.Parent is SimpleType) {
					var rr = context.Resolve (expr.Parent);
					var argumentNumber = expr.Parent.GetChildrenByRole (Roles.TypeArgument).TakeWhile (c => c != expr).Count ();
					var mgrr = rr as TypeResolveResult;
					if (mgrr != null &&  mgrr.Type.TypeParameterCount > argumentNumber) {
						return mgrr.Type.GetDefinition ().TypeParameters[argumentNumber]; 
					}
				}
			}

			var type = GetValidTypes(context.Resolver, expr).ToArray();
			var typeInference = new TypeInference(context.Compilation);
			typeInference.Algorithm = TypeInferenceAlgorithm.Improved;
			var inferedType = typeInference.FindTypeInBounds(type, emptyTypes);
			return inferedType;
		}
		public static AstType GuessAstType(RefactoringContext context, AstNode expr)
		{
			var type = GetValidTypes(context.Resolver, expr).ToArray();
			var typeInference = new TypeInference(context.Compilation);
			typeInference.Algorithm = TypeInferenceAlgorithm.Improved;
			var inferedType = typeInference.FindTypeInBounds(type, emptyTypes);
			if (inferedType.Kind == TypeKind.Unknown)
				return new PrimitiveType("object");
			return context.CreateShortType(inferedType);
		}
        void RunTypeInference(Candidate candidate)
        {
            if (candidate.TypeParameters == null)
            {
                if (explicitlyGivenTypeArguments != null)
                {
                    // method does not expect type arguments, but was given some
                    candidate.AddError(OverloadResolutionErrors.WrongNumberOfTypeArguments);
                }
                // Grab new parameter types:
                ResolveParameterTypes(candidate, true);
                return;
            }
            ParameterizedType parameterizedDeclaringType = candidate.Member.DeclaringType as ParameterizedType;
            IList <IType>     classTypeArguments;

            if (parameterizedDeclaringType != null)
            {
                classTypeArguments = parameterizedDeclaringType.TypeArguments;
            }
            else
            {
                classTypeArguments = null;
            }
            // The method is generic:
            if (explicitlyGivenTypeArguments != null)
            {
                if (explicitlyGivenTypeArguments.Length == candidate.TypeParameters.Count)
                {
                    candidate.InferredTypes = explicitlyGivenTypeArguments;
                }
                else
                {
                    candidate.AddError(OverloadResolutionErrors.WrongNumberOfTypeArguments);
                    // wrong number of type arguments given, so truncate the list or pad with UnknownType
                    candidate.InferredTypes = new IType[candidate.TypeParameters.Count];
                    for (int i = 0; i < candidate.InferredTypes.Length; i++)
                    {
                        if (i < explicitlyGivenTypeArguments.Length)
                        {
                            candidate.InferredTypes[i] = explicitlyGivenTypeArguments[i];
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            candidate.InferredTypes[i] = SpecialType.UnknownType;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                TypeInference ti = new TypeInference(compilation, conversions);
                bool          success;
                candidate.InferredTypes = ti.InferTypeArguments(candidate.TypeParameters, arguments, candidate.ParameterTypes, out success, classTypeArguments);
                if (!success)
                {
                    candidate.AddError(OverloadResolutionErrors.TypeInferenceFailed);
                }
            }
            // Now substitute in the formal parameters:
            var substitution = new ConstraintValidatingSubstitution(classTypeArguments, candidate.InferredTypes, this);

            for (int i = 0; i < candidate.ParameterTypes.Length; i++)
            {
                candidate.ParameterTypes[i] = candidate.ParameterTypes[i].AcceptVisitor(substitution);
            }
            if (!substitution.ConstraintsValid)
            {
                candidate.AddError(OverloadResolutionErrors.ConstructedTypeDoesNotSatisfyConstraint);
            }
        }
		/// <summary>
		/// Resolves an array creation.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="elementType">
		/// The array element type.
		/// Pass null to resolve an implicitly-typed array creation.
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="sizeArguments">
		/// The size arguments.
		/// The length of this array will be used as the number of dimensions of the array type.
		/// The resolver may mutate this array to wrap elements in <see cref="ConversionResolveResult"/>s!
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="initializerElements">
		/// The initializer elements. May be null if no array initializer was specified.
		/// The resolver may mutate this array to wrap elements in <see cref="ConversionResolveResult"/>s!
		/// </param>
		public ArrayCreateResolveResult ResolveArrayCreation(IType elementType, ResolveResult[] sizeArguments, ResolveResult[] initializerElements = null)
		{
			int dimensions = sizeArguments.Length;
			if (dimensions == 0)
				throw new ArgumentException("sizeArguments.Length must not be 0");
			if (elementType == null) {
				TypeInference typeInference = new TypeInference(compilation, conversions);
				bool success;
				elementType = typeInference.GetBestCommonType(initializerElements, out success);
			}
			IType arrayType = new ArrayType(compilation, elementType, dimensions);
			
			AdjustArrayAccessArguments(sizeArguments);
			
			if (initializerElements != null) {
				for (int i = 0; i < initializerElements.Length; i++) {
					initializerElements[i] = Convert(initializerElements[i], elementType);
				}
			}
			return new ArrayCreateResolveResult(arrayType, sizeArguments, initializerElements);
		}
		static bool IsEligibleExtensionMethod(ICompilation compilation, CSharpConversions conversions, IType targetType, IMethod method, bool useTypeInference, out IType[] outInferredTypes)
		{
			outInferredTypes = null;
			if (targetType == null)
				return true;
			if (method.Parameters.Count == 0)
				return false;
			IType thisParameterType = method.Parameters[0].Type;
			if (useTypeInference && method.TypeParameters.Count > 0) {
				// We need to infer type arguments from targetType:
				TypeInference ti = new TypeInference(compilation, conversions);
				ResolveResult[] arguments = { new ResolveResult(targetType) };
				IType[] parameterTypes = { method.Parameters[0].Type };
				bool success;
				var inferredTypes = ti.InferTypeArguments(method.TypeParameters, arguments, parameterTypes, out success);
				var substitution = new TypeParameterSubstitution(null, inferredTypes);
				// Validate that the types that could be inferred (aren't unknown) satisfy the constraints:
				bool hasInferredTypes = false;
				for (int i = 0; i < inferredTypes.Length; i++) {
					if (inferredTypes[i].Kind != TypeKind.Unknown && inferredTypes[i].Kind != TypeKind.UnboundTypeArgument) {
						hasInferredTypes = true;
						if (!OverloadResolution.ValidateConstraints(method.TypeParameters[i], inferredTypes[i], substitution, conversions))
							return false;
					} else {
						inferredTypes[i] = method.TypeParameters[i]; // do not substitute types that could not be inferred
					}
				}
				if (hasInferredTypes)
					outInferredTypes = inferredTypes;
				thisParameterType = thisParameterType.AcceptVisitor(substitution);
			}
			Conversion c = conversions.ImplicitConversion(targetType, thisParameterType);
			return c.IsValid && (c.IsIdentityConversion || c.IsReferenceConversion || c.IsBoxingConversion);
		}