/// <summary>
        /// Update a database record from the supplied data transfer object.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">
        /// The current transaction to the database.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="partition">
        /// The database partition (schema) where the requested resource will be updated.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="topContainer">
        /// The topContainer DTO that is to be updated.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="container">
        /// The container of the DTO to be updated.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// True if the concept was successfully updated.
        /// </returns>
        public virtual bool Update(NpgsqlTransaction transaction, string partition, CDP4Common.DTO.TopContainer topContainer, CDP4Common.DTO.Thing container = null)
        {
            bool isHandled;
            var  valueTypeDictionaryAdditions = new Dictionary <string, string>();
            var  beforeUpdate = this.BeforeUpdate(transaction, partition, topContainer, container, out isHandled, valueTypeDictionaryAdditions);

            if (!isHandled)
            {
                beforeUpdate = beforeUpdate && base.Update(transaction, partition, topContainer, container);

                var valueTypeDictionaryContents = new Dictionary <string, string>
                {
                    { "LastModifiedOn", !this.IsDerived(topContainer, "LastModifiedOn") ? topContainer.LastModifiedOn.ToString(Utils.DateTimeUtcSerializationFormat) : string.Empty },
                }.Concat(valueTypeDictionaryAdditions).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value);

                using (var command = new NpgsqlCommand())
                {
                    var sqlBuilder = new System.Text.StringBuilder();

                    sqlBuilder.AppendFormat("UPDATE \"{0}\".\"TopContainer\"", partition);
                    sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" SET (\"ValueTypeDictionary\")");
                    sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" = (\"ValueTypeDictionary\" || :valueTypeDictionary)");
                    sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" WHERE \"Iid\" = :iid;");
                    command.Parameters.Add("iid", NpgsqlDbType.Uuid).Value = topContainer.Iid;
                    command.Parameters.Add("valueTypeDictionary", NpgsqlDbType.Hstore).Value = valueTypeDictionaryContents;

                    command.CommandText = sqlBuilder.ToString();
                    command.Connection  = transaction.Connection;
                    command.Transaction = transaction;
                    this.ExecuteAndLogCommand(command);
                }
            }

            return(this.AfterUpdate(beforeUpdate, transaction, partition, topContainer, container));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Insert a new database record, or updates one if it already exists from the supplied data transfer object.
        /// This is typically used during the import of existing data to the Database.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">
        /// The current <see cref="NpgsqlTransaction"/> to the database.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="partition">
        /// The database partition (schema) where the requested resource will be stored.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="topContainer">
        /// The topContainer DTO that is to be persisted.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="container">
        /// The container of the DTO to be persisted.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// True if the concept was successfully persisted.
        /// </returns>
        public virtual bool Upsert(NpgsqlTransaction transaction, string partition, CDP4Common.DTO.TopContainer topContainer, CDP4Common.DTO.Thing container = null)
        {
            var valueTypeDictionaryAdditions = new Dictionary <string, string>();

            base.Upsert(transaction, partition, topContainer, container);

            var valueTypeDictionaryContents = new Dictionary <string, string>
            {
                { "LastModifiedOn", !this.IsDerived(topContainer, "LastModifiedOn") ? topContainer.LastModifiedOn.ToString(Utils.DateTimeUtcSerializationFormat) : string.Empty },
            }.Concat(valueTypeDictionaryAdditions).ToDictionary(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value);

            using (var command = new NpgsqlCommand())
            {
                var sqlBuilder = new System.Text.StringBuilder();

                sqlBuilder.AppendFormat("INSERT INTO \"{0}\".\"TopContainer\"", partition);
                sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" (\"Iid\", \"ValueTypeDictionary\")");
                sqlBuilder.AppendFormat(" VALUES (:iid, :valueTypeDictionary)");

                command.Parameters.Add("iid", NpgsqlDbType.Uuid).Value = topContainer.Iid;
                command.Parameters.Add("valueTypeDictionary", NpgsqlDbType.Hstore).Value = valueTypeDictionaryContents;
                sqlBuilder.Append(" ON CONFLICT (\"Iid\")");
                sqlBuilder.Append(" DO UPDATE ");
                sqlBuilder.Append(" SET \"ValueTypeDictionary\"");
                sqlBuilder.Append(" = :valueTypeDictionary;");

                command.CommandText = sqlBuilder.ToString();
                command.Connection  = transaction.Connection;
                command.Transaction = transaction;

                this.ExecuteAndLogCommand(command);
            }

            return(true);
        }