public static extern bool LogonUserW(
string lpszUsername,
string lpszDomain,
string lpszPassword,
LogonType dwLogonType,
NativeHelpers.LogonProvider dwLogonProvider,
out SafeNativeHandle phToken);
public static extern bool DuplicateTokenEx(
SafeNativeHandle hExistingToken,
TokenAccessLevels dwDesiredAccess,
IntPtr lpTokenAttributes,
NativeHelpers.SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL ImpersonationLevel,
NativeHelpers.TOKEN_TYPE TokenType,
out SafeNativeHandle phNewToken);
private static SecurityIdentifier GetTokenUserSID(SafeNativeHandle hToken)
{
using (SafeMemoryBuffer tokenInfo = GetTokenInformation(hToken, NativeHelpers.TokenInformationClass.TokenUser))
{
NativeHelpers.TOKEN_USER tokenUser = (NativeHelpers.TOKEN_USER)Marshal.PtrToStructure(tokenInfo.DangerousGetHandle(),
typeof(NativeHelpers.TOKEN_USER));
return(new SecurityIdentifier(tokenUser.User.Sid));
}
}
public static extern bool CreateProcessWithTokenW(
SafeNativeHandle hToken,
LogonFlags dwLogonFlags,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string lpApplicationName,
StringBuilder lpCommandLine,
Process.NativeHelpers.ProcessCreationFlags dwCreationFlags,
Process.SafeMemoryBuffer lpEnvironment,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string lpCurrentDirectory,
Process.NativeHelpers.STARTUPINFOEX lpStartupInfo,
out Process.NativeHelpers.PROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation);
private static List <string> GetTokenPrivileges(SafeNativeHandle hToken)
{
using (SafeMemoryBuffer tokenInfo = GetTokenInformation(hToken, NativeHelpers.TokenInformationClass.TokenPrivileges))
{
NativeHelpers.TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tokenPrivileges = (NativeHelpers.TOKEN_PRIVILEGES)Marshal.PtrToStructure(
tokenInfo.DangerousGetHandle(), typeof(NativeHelpers.TOKEN_PRIVILEGES));
NativeHelpers.LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES[] luidAndAttributes = new NativeHelpers.LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES[tokenPrivileges.PrivilegeCount];
PtrToStructureArray(luidAndAttributes, IntPtr.Add(tokenInfo.DangerousGetHandle(), Marshal.SizeOf(tokenPrivileges.PrivilegeCount)));
return(luidAndAttributes.Select(x => GetPrivilegeName(x.Luid)).ToList());
}
}
private static NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE GetTokenLogonType(SafeNativeHandle hToken)
{
UInt64 tokenLuidId;
using (SafeMemoryBuffer tokenInfo = GetTokenInformation(hToken, NativeHelpers.TokenInformationClass.TokenStatistics))
{
NativeHelpers.TOKEN_STATISTICS stats = (NativeHelpers.TOKEN_STATISTICS)Marshal.PtrToStructure(
tokenInfo.DangerousGetHandle(), typeof(NativeHelpers.TOKEN_STATISTICS));
tokenLuidId = (UInt64)stats.AuthenticationId;
}
// Default to Network, if we weren't able to get the actual type treat it as an error and assume
// we don't want to run a process with the token
NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE logonType = NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE.Network;
UInt32 sessionCount;
SafeLsaMemoryBuffer sessionPtr;
UInt32 res = NativeMethods.LsaEnumerateLogonSessions(out sessionCount, out sessionPtr);
if (res != 0)
{
throw new Win32Exception((int)NativeMethods.LsaNtStatusToWinError(res), "LsaEnumerateLogonSession() failed");
}
using (sessionPtr)
{
for (IntPtr p = sessionPtr.DangerousGetHandle();
p != IntPtr.Add(sessionPtr.DangerousGetHandle(), (int)(IntPtr.Size * sessionCount));
p = IntPtr.Add(p, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NativeHelpers.LUID))))
{
SafeLsaMemoryBuffer sessionDataPtr;
res = NativeMethods.LsaGetLogonSessionData(p, out sessionDataPtr);
if (res != 0)
{
continue;
}
using (sessionDataPtr)
{
NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_SESSION_DATA sessionData = (NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_SESSION_DATA)Marshal.PtrToStructure(
sessionDataPtr.DangerousGetHandle(), typeof(NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_SESSION_DATA));
UInt64 sessionId = (UInt64)sessionData.LogonId;
if (sessionId == tokenLuidId)
{
logonType = sessionData.LogonType;
break;
}
}
}
}
return(logonType);
}
public static extern UInt32 LsaLogonUser(
SafeLsaHandle LsaHandle,
NativeHelpers.LSA_STRING OriginName,
LogonType LogonType,
UInt32 AuthenticationPackage,
IntPtr AuthenticationInformation,
UInt32 AuthenticationInformationLength,
IntPtr LocalGroups,
NativeHelpers.TOKEN_SOURCE SourceContext,
out SafeLsaMemoryBuffer ProfileBuffer,
out UInt32 ProfileBufferLength,
out Luid LogonId,
out SafeNativeHandle Token,
out IntPtr Quotas,
out UInt32 SubStatus);
private static SafeNativeHandle GetElevatedToken(SafeNativeHandle hToken)
{
// First determine if the current token is a limited token
using (SafeMemoryBuffer tokenInfo = GetTokenInformation(hToken, NativeHelpers.TokenInformationClass.TokenElevationType))
{
NativeHelpers.TokenElevationType tet = (NativeHelpers.TokenElevationType)Marshal.ReadInt32(tokenInfo.DangerousGetHandle());
// We already have the best token we can get, just use it
if (tet != NativeHelpers.TokenElevationType.TokenElevationTypeLimited)
{
return(hToken);
}
}
// We have a limited token, get the linked elevated token
using (SafeMemoryBuffer tokenInfo = GetTokenInformation(hToken, NativeHelpers.TokenInformationClass.TokenLinkedToken))
return(new SafeNativeHandle(Marshal.ReadIntPtr(tokenInfo.DangerousGetHandle())));
}
private static SafeMemoryBuffer GetTokenInformation(SafeNativeHandle hToken, NativeHelpers.TokenInformationClass tokenClass)
{
UInt32 tokenLength;
bool res = NativeMethods.GetTokenInformation(hToken, tokenClass, new SafeMemoryBuffer(IntPtr.Zero), 0, out tokenLength);
if (!res && tokenLength == 0) // res will be false due to insufficient buffer size, we ignore if we got the buffer length
{
throw new Win32Exception(String.Format("GetTokenInformation({0}) failed to get buffer length", tokenClass.ToString()));
}
SafeMemoryBuffer tokenInfo = new SafeMemoryBuffer((int)tokenLength);
if (!NativeMethods.GetTokenInformation(hToken, tokenClass, tokenInfo, tokenLength, out tokenLength))
{
throw new Win32Exception(String.Format("GetTokenInformation({0}) failed", tokenClass.ToString()));
}
return(tokenInfo);
}
private static NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE GetTokenLogonType(SafeNativeHandle hToken)
{
TokenStatistics stats = TokenUtil.GetTokenStatistics(hToken);
SafeLsaMemoryBuffer sessionDataPtr;
UInt32 res = NativeMethods.LsaGetLogonSessionData(ref stats.AuthenticationId, out sessionDataPtr);
if (res != 0)
{
// Default to Network, if we weren't able to get the actual type treat it as an error and assume
// we don't want to run a process with the token
return(NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE.Network);
}
using (sessionDataPtr)
{
NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_SESSION_DATA sessionData = (NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_SESSION_DATA)Marshal.PtrToStructure(
sessionDataPtr.DangerousGetHandle(), typeof(NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_SESSION_DATA));
return(sessionData.LogonType);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates a process as another user account. This method will attempt to run as another user with the
/// highest possible permissions available. The main privilege required is the SeDebugPrivilege, without
/// this privilege you can only run as a local or domain user if the username and password is specified.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="username">The username of the runas user</param>
/// <param name="password">The password of the runas user</param>
/// <param name="logonFlags">LogonFlags to control how to logon a user when the password is specified</param>
/// <param name="logonType">Controls what type of logon is used, this only applies when the password is specified</param>
/// <param name="lpApplicationName">The name of the executable or batch file to executable</param>
/// <param name="lpCommandLine">The command line to execute, typically this includes lpApplication as the first argument</param>
/// <param name="lpCurrentDirectory">The full path to the current directory for the process, null will have the same cwd as the calling process</param>
/// <param name="environment">A dictionary of key/value pairs to define the new process environment</param>
/// <param name="stdin">Bytes sent to the stdin pipe</param>
/// <returns>Ansible.Process.Result object that contains the command output and return code</returns>
public static Result CreateProcessAsUser(string username, string password, LogonFlags logonFlags, LogonType logonType,
string lpApplicationName, string lpCommandLine, string lpCurrentDirectory, IDictionary environment, byte[] stdin)
{
// While we use STARTUPINFOEX having EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT causes a parameter validation error
Process.NativeHelpers.ProcessCreationFlags creationFlags = Process.NativeHelpers.ProcessCreationFlags.CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
Process.NativeHelpers.PROCESS_INFORMATION pi = new Process.NativeHelpers.PROCESS_INFORMATION();
Process.NativeHelpers.STARTUPINFOEX si = new Process.NativeHelpers.STARTUPINFOEX();
si.startupInfo.dwFlags = Process.NativeHelpers.StartupInfoFlags.USESTDHANDLES;
SafeFileHandle stdoutRead, stdoutWrite, stderrRead, stderrWrite, stdinRead, stdinWrite;
ProcessUtil.CreateStdioPipes(si, out stdoutRead, out stdoutWrite, out stderrRead, out stderrWrite,
out stdinRead, out stdinWrite);
FileStream stdinStream = new FileStream(stdinWrite, FileAccess.Write);
// $null from PowerShell ends up as an empty string, we need to convert back as an empty string doesn't
// make sense for these parameters
if (lpApplicationName == "")
{
lpApplicationName = null;
}
if (lpCurrentDirectory == "")
{
lpCurrentDirectory = null;
}
using (Process.SafeMemoryBuffer lpEnvironment = ProcessUtil.CreateEnvironmentPointer(environment))
using (SafeNativeHandle hToken = GetUserToken(username, password, logonType))
{
StringBuilder commandLine = new StringBuilder(lpCommandLine);
if (!NativeMethods.CreateProcessWithTokenW(hToken, logonFlags, lpApplicationName, commandLine,
creationFlags, lpEnvironment, lpCurrentDirectory, si, out pi))
{
throw new Process.Win32Exception("CreateProcessWithTokenW() failed");
}
}
return(ProcessUtil.WaitProcess(stdoutRead, stdoutWrite, stderrRead, stderrWrite, stdinStream, stdin, pi.hProcess));
}
private static SafeNativeHandle GetElevatedToken(SafeNativeHandle hToken)
{
TokenElevationType tet = TokenUtil.GetTokenElevationType(hToken);
// We already have the best token we can get, no linked token is really available.
if (tet != TokenElevationType.Limited)
{
return(null);
}
SafeNativeHandle linkedToken = TokenUtil.GetTokenLinkedToken(hToken);
TokenStatistics tokenStats = TokenUtil.GetTokenStatistics(linkedToken);
// We can only use a token if it's a primary one (we had the SeTcbPrivilege set)
if (tokenStats.TokenType == TokenType.Primary)
{
return(linkedToken);
}
else
{
return(null);
}
}
private static List <SafeNativeHandle> GetUserTokens(string username, string password, LogonType logonType)
{
List <SafeNativeHandle> userTokens = new List <SafeNativeHandle>();
SafeNativeHandle systemToken = null;
bool impersonated = false;
string becomeSid = username;
if (logonType != LogonType.NewCredentials)
{
// If prefixed with .\, we are becoming a local account, strip the prefix
if (username.StartsWith(".\\"))
{
username = username.Substring(2);
}
NTAccount account = new NTAccount(username);
becomeSid = ((SecurityIdentifier)account.Translate(typeof(SecurityIdentifier))).Value;
// Grant access to the current Windows Station and Desktop to the become user
GrantAccessToWindowStationAndDesktop(account);
// Try and impersonate a SYSTEM token, we need a SYSTEM token to either become a well known service
// account or have administrative rights on the become access token.
// If we ultimately are becoming the SYSTEM account we want the token with the most privileges available.
// https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/71453
bool mostPrivileges = becomeSid == "S-1-5-18";
systemToken = GetPrimaryTokenForUser(new SecurityIdentifier("S-1-5-18"),
new List <string>()
{
"SeTcbPrivilege"
}, mostPrivileges);
if (systemToken != null)
{
try
{
TokenUtil.ImpersonateToken(systemToken);
impersonated = true;
}
catch (Process.Win32Exception) { } // We tried, just rely on current user's permissions.
}
}
// We require impersonation if becoming a service sid or becoming a user without a password
if (!impersonated && (SERVICE_SIDS.Contains(becomeSid) || String.IsNullOrEmpty(password)))
{
throw new Exception("Failed to get token for NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM required for become as a service account or an account without a password");
}
try
{
if (becomeSid == "S-1-5-18")
{
userTokens.Add(systemToken);
}
// Cannot use String.IsEmptyOrNull() as an empty string is an account that doesn't have a pass.
// We only use S4U if no password was defined or it was null
else if (!SERVICE_SIDS.Contains(becomeSid) && password == null && logonType != LogonType.NewCredentials)
{
// If no password was specified, try and duplicate an existing token for that user or use S4U to
// generate one without network credentials
SecurityIdentifier sid = new SecurityIdentifier(becomeSid);
SafeNativeHandle becomeToken = GetPrimaryTokenForUser(sid);
if (becomeToken != null)
{
userTokens.Add(GetElevatedToken(becomeToken));
userTokens.Add(becomeToken);
}
else
{
becomeToken = GetS4UTokenForUser(sid, logonType);
userTokens.Add(null);
userTokens.Add(becomeToken);
}
}
else
{
string domain = null;
switch (becomeSid)
{
case "S-1-5-19":
logonType = LogonType.Service;
domain = "NT AUTHORITY";
username = "******";
break;
case "S-1-5-20":
logonType = LogonType.Service;
domain = "NT AUTHORITY";
username = "******";
break;
default:
// Trying to become a local or domain account
if (username.Contains(@"\"))
{
string[] userSplit = username.Split(new char[1] {
'\\'
}, 2);
domain = userSplit[0];
username = userSplit[1];
}
else if (!username.Contains("@"))
{
domain = ".";
}
break;
}
SafeNativeHandle hToken = TokenUtil.LogonUser(username, domain, password, logonType,
LogonProvider.Default);
// Get the elevated token for a local/domain accounts only
if (!SERVICE_SIDS.Contains(becomeSid))
{
userTokens.Add(GetElevatedToken(hToken));
}
userTokens.Add(hToken);
}
}
finally
{
if (impersonated)
{
TokenUtil.RevertToSelf();
}
}
return(userTokens);
}
private static SafeNativeHandle GetPrimaryTokenForUser(SecurityIdentifier sid,
List <string> requiredPrivileges = null, bool mostPrivileges = false)
{
// According to CreateProcessWithTokenW we require a token with
// TOKEN_QUERY, TOKEN_DUPLICATE and TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY
// Also add in TOKEN_IMPERSONATE so we can get an impersonated token
TokenAccessLevels dwAccess = TokenAccessLevels.Query |
TokenAccessLevels.Duplicate |
TokenAccessLevels.AssignPrimary |
TokenAccessLevels.Impersonate;
SafeNativeHandle userToken = null;
int privilegeCount = 0;
foreach (SafeNativeHandle hToken in TokenUtil.EnumerateUserTokens(sid, dwAccess))
{
// Filter out any Network logon tokens, using become with that is useless when S4U
// can give us a Batch logon
NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE tokenLogonType = GetTokenLogonType(hToken);
if (tokenLogonType == NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE.Network)
{
continue;
}
List <string> actualPrivileges = TokenUtil.GetTokenPrivileges(hToken).Select(x => x.Name).ToList();
// If the token has less or the same number of privileges than the current token, skip it.
if (mostPrivileges && privilegeCount >= actualPrivileges.Count)
{
continue;
}
// Check that the required privileges are on the token
if (requiredPrivileges != null)
{
int missing = requiredPrivileges.Where(x => !actualPrivileges.Contains(x)).Count();
if (missing > 0)
{
continue;
}
}
// Duplicate the token to convert it to a primary token with the access level required.
try
{
userToken = TokenUtil.DuplicateToken(hToken, TokenAccessLevels.MaximumAllowed,
SecurityImpersonationLevel.Anonymous, TokenType.Primary);
privilegeCount = actualPrivileges.Count;
}
catch (Process.Win32Exception)
{
continue;
}
// If we don't care about getting the token with the most privileges, escape the loop as we already
// have a token.
if (!mostPrivileges)
{
break;
}
}
return(userToken);
}
public static extern bool GetTokenInformation(
SafeNativeHandle TokenHandle,
NativeHelpers.TokenInformationClass TokenInformationClass,
SafeMemoryBuffer TokenInformation,
UInt32 TokenInformationLength,
out UInt32 ReturnLength);
public static extern bool ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(
SafeNativeHandle hToken);
public static extern bool OpenProcessToken(
SafeNativeHandle ProcessHandle,
TokenAccessLevels DesiredAccess,
out SafeNativeHandle TokenHandle);
private static List <SafeNativeHandle> GetUserTokens(string username, string password, LogonType logonType)
{
List <SafeNativeHandle> userTokens = new List <SafeNativeHandle>();
SafeNativeHandle systemToken = null;
bool impersonated = false;
string becomeSid = username;
if (logonType != LogonType.LOGON32_LOGON_NEW_CREDENTIALS)
{
// If prefixed with .\, we are becoming a local account, strip the prefix
if (username.StartsWith(".\\"))
{
username = username.Substring(2);
}
NTAccount account = new NTAccount(username);
becomeSid = ((SecurityIdentifier)account.Translate(typeof(SecurityIdentifier))).Value;
// Grant access to the current Windows Station and Desktop to the become user
GrantAccessToWindowStationAndDesktop(account);
// Try and impersonate a SYSTEM token, we need a SYSTEM token to either become a well known service
// account or have administrative rights on the become access token.
systemToken = GetPrimaryTokenForUser(new SecurityIdentifier("S-1-5-18"), new List <string>()
{
"SeTcbPrivilege"
});
if (systemToken != null)
{
impersonated = NativeMethods.ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(systemToken);
}
}
// We require impersonation if becoming a service sid or becoming a user without a password
if (!impersonated && (SERVICE_SIDS.Contains(becomeSid) || String.IsNullOrEmpty(password)))
{
throw new Exception("Failed to get token for NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM required for become as a service account or an account without a password");
}
try
{
if (becomeSid == "S-1-5-18")
{
userTokens.Add(systemToken);
}
// Cannot use String.IsEmptyOrNull() as an empty string is an account that doesn't have a pass.
// We only use S4U if no password was defined or it was null
else if (!SERVICE_SIDS.Contains(becomeSid) && password == null && logonType != LogonType.LOGON32_LOGON_NEW_CREDENTIALS)
{
// If no password was specified, try and duplicate an existing token for that user or use S4U to
// generate one without network credentials
SecurityIdentifier sid = new SecurityIdentifier(becomeSid);
SafeNativeHandle becomeToken = GetPrimaryTokenForUser(sid);
if (becomeToken != null)
{
userTokens.Add(GetElevatedToken(becomeToken));
userTokens.Add(becomeToken);
}
else
{
becomeToken = GetS4UTokenForUser(sid, logonType);
userTokens.Add(becomeToken);
}
}
else
{
string domain = null;
switch (becomeSid)
{
case "S-1-5-19":
logonType = LogonType.LOGON32_LOGON_SERVICE;
domain = "NT AUTHORITY";
username = "******";
break;
case "S-1-5-20":
logonType = LogonType.LOGON32_LOGON_SERVICE;
domain = "NT AUTHORITY";
username = "******";
break;
default:
// Trying to become a local or domain account
if (username.Contains(@"\"))
{
string[] userSplit = username.Split(new char[1] {
'\\'
}, 2);
domain = userSplit[0];
username = userSplit[1];
}
else if (!username.Contains("@"))
{
domain = ".";
}
break;
}
SafeNativeHandle hToken;
if (!NativeMethods.LogonUserW(username, domain, password, logonType,
NativeHelpers.LogonProvider.LOGON32_PROVIDER_DEFAULT, out hToken))
{
throw new Win32Exception("LogonUserW() failed");
}
// Get the elevated token for a local/domain accounts only
if (!SERVICE_SIDS.Contains(becomeSid))
{
userTokens.Add(GetElevatedToken(hToken));
}
userTokens.Add(hToken);
}
}
finally
{
if (impersonated)
{
NativeMethods.RevertToSelf();
}
}
return(userTokens);
}
private static SafeNativeHandle GetPrimaryTokenForUser(SecurityIdentifier sid, List <string> requiredPrivileges = null)
{
NativeHelpers.ProcessAccessFlags accessFlags = NativeHelpers.ProcessAccessFlags.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION;
// According to CreateProcessWithTokenW we require a token with
// TOKEN_QUERY, TOKEN_DUPLICATE and TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY
// Also add in TOKEN_IMPERSONATE so we can get an impersonated token
TokenAccessLevels dwAccess = TokenAccessLevels.Query |
TokenAccessLevels.Duplicate |
TokenAccessLevels.AssignPrimary |
TokenAccessLevels.Impersonate;
foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process process in System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcesses())
{
using (process)
{
using (SafeNativeHandle hProcess = NativeMethods.OpenProcess(accessFlags, false, (UInt32)process.Id))
{
if (hProcess.IsInvalid)
{
continue;
}
SafeNativeHandle hToken;
NativeMethods.OpenProcessToken(hProcess, dwAccess, out hToken);
if (hToken.IsInvalid)
{
continue;
}
using (hToken)
{
if (!sid.Equals(GetTokenUserSID(hToken)))
{
continue;
}
// Filter out any Network logon tokens, using become with that is useless when S4U
// can give us a Batch logon
NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE tokenLogonType = GetTokenLogonType(hToken);
if (tokenLogonType == NativeHelpers.SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE.Network)
{
continue;
}
// Check that the required privileges are on the token
if (requiredPrivileges != null)
{
List <string> actualPrivileges = GetTokenPrivileges(hToken);
int missing = requiredPrivileges.Where(x => !actualPrivileges.Contains(x)).Count();
if (missing > 0)
{
continue;
}
}
SafeNativeHandle dupToken;
if (!NativeMethods.DuplicateTokenEx(hToken, TokenAccessLevels.MaximumAllowed,
IntPtr.Zero, NativeHelpers.SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL.SecurityImpersonation,
NativeHelpers.TOKEN_TYPE.TokenPrimary, out dupToken))
{
continue;
}
return(dupToken);
}
}
}
}
return(null);
}