Exemplo n.º 1
0
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        /*
         * Constructor:
         */

        /// <summary>
        /// Simple complete constructor.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="e">The element to propagate belief to.</param>
        /// <param name="factor">The factor to propagate belief.</param>
        /// <exception cref="InvalidBeliefModelException">Thrown if the factor does not respect
        /// 0 &lt; factor &lt; 1.</exception>
        public DiscreteMappingPoint(DiscreteElement e, double factor)
            : this()
        {
            if (0 > factor || factor > 1)
            {
                throw new InvalidBeliefModelException("The factors in the evidential mapping should respect 0 < factor < 1!");
            }
            this.Element       = e;
            this.MappingFactor = factor;
        }
Exemplo n.º 2
0
        public static void TestCase()
        {
            Set <DiscreteElement> s     = new Set <DiscreteElement>();
            DiscreteElement       peuh  = new DiscreteElement(5, 3);
            DiscreteElement       peuh2 = new DiscreteElement(5, 9);

            Console.WriteLine("\n\n" +
                              "+--------------------------------------------------------------------+\n" +
                              "|                         Generic Set Tests                          |\n" +
                              "+--------------------------------------------------------------------+"
                              );
            Console.WriteLine("Empty set:           {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh);
            s.Add(peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh);
            s.Add(peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh2);
            s.Add(peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Removing the element {0}", peuh);
            s.Remove(peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Removing the element {0}", peuh2);
            s.Remove(peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);

            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Empty set:           {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh);
            s += peuh;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh);
            s += peuh;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh2);
            s += peuh2;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Removing the element {0}", peuh);
            s -= peuh;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Removing the element {0}", peuh2);
            s -= peuh2;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s);
        }
        public static void TestCase()
        {
            DiscreteElement     peuh    = new DiscreteElement(5, 3);
            DiscreteElement     peuh2   = new DiscreteElement(5, 9);
            StringReferenceList refList = new StringReferenceList("Aka", "Bea", "Coq", "Dad", "Elf");

            Console.WriteLine("\n\n" +
                              "+--------------------------------------------------------------------+\n" +
                              "|                        DiscreteElement Tests                       |\n" +
                              "+--------------------------------------------------------------------+"
                              );
            Console.WriteLine(refList);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Building Element from strings Aka, Coq, Elf");
            Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}", (new DiscreteElement(refList, new string[] { "Aka", "Coq", "Elf" })).ToString());
            Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}", (new DiscreteElement(refList, "Aka", "Coq", "Elf").ToString(refList)));
            Console.WriteLine("Building Element of size 68 with 4 2 0");
            Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}", (new DiscreteElement(68, 4, 2, 0)));
            Console.WriteLine("Building Element of size 36 with 0 2");
            Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}", (new DiscreteElement(36, 0, 2)));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Conjunction: {0}", peuh.Conjunction(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Conjunction: {0}", peuh & peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Conjunction: {0}", peuh.Conjunction(peuh2).ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Conjunction: {0}", (peuh & peuh2).ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Disjunction: {0}", peuh.Disjunction(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Disjunction: {0}", peuh | peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Disjunction: {0}", peuh.Disjunction(peuh2).ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Disjunction: {0}", (peuh | peuh2).ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:  {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Opposite 1: {0}", peuh.Opposite());
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:  {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Opposite 2: {0}", peuh2.Opposite());
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1: {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2: {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Equals (false) : {0}", peuh.Equals(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1: {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2: {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Equals (true) : {0}", peuh.Equals(peuh));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1: {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2: {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("IsASubset (false) : {0}", peuh.IsASubset(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1: {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2: {0}", peuh.Conjunction(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("IsASubset (true) : {0}", peuh.Conjunction(peuh2).IsASubset(peuh));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            peuh  = new DiscreteElement(68, 68);
            peuh2 = new DiscreteElement(68, 75);
            DiscreteElement peuh3 = peuh.Conjunction(peuh2);

            Console.WriteLine("Test of really big elements:");
            Console.WriteLine("Element of size 68: {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Opposite:           {0}", peuh.Opposite());
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Conjunction: {0}", peuh.Conjunction(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Disjunction: {0}", peuh.Disjunction(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Opposite 1:  {0}", peuh.Opposite());
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Opposite 2:  {0}", peuh2.Opposite());
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Equals (false) : {0}", peuh.Equals(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Equals (true) : {0}", peuh.Equals(peuh));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("IsASubset (false) : {0}", peuh.IsASubset(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Element 1:   {0}", peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Element 2:   {0}", peuh.Conjunction(peuh2));
            Console.WriteLine("IsASubset (true) : {0}", peuh.Conjunction(peuh2).IsASubset(peuh));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Get the complete set: {0}", DiscreteElement.GetCompleteElement(68));
            Console.WriteLine("Get the emptyset:     {0}", DiscreteElement.GetEmptyElement(68));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            //Performance tests:
            DiscreteElement small1 = new DiscreteElement(5, 27);
            DiscreteElement small2 = new DiscreteElement(5, 13);
            DiscreteElement small3 = new DiscreteElement(64, 49227);
            DiscreteElement small4 = new DiscreteElement(64, 987543);

            int nbIterations = 1000000;

            Stopwatch watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            //Small conjunction test:
            for (int i = 0; i < nbIterations; i++)
            {
                small1.Conjunction(small2);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Small conjunctions ({1}): {0}ms", watch.ElapsedMilliseconds, nbIterations);

            watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
            //Small conjunction test:
            for (int i = 0; i < nbIterations; i++)
            {
                small3.Conjunction(small4);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Big conjunctions ({1}): {0}ms", watch.ElapsedMilliseconds, nbIterations);

            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
            //Small conjunction test:
            for (int i = 0; i < nbIterations; i++)
            {
                small1.Disjunction(small2);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Small disjunctions ({1}): {0}ms", watch.ElapsedMilliseconds, nbIterations);

            watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
            //Small conjunction test:
            for (int i = 0; i < nbIterations; i++)
            {
                small3.Disjunction(small4);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Big disjunctions ({1}): {0}ms", watch.ElapsedMilliseconds, nbIterations);

            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
        }
        public static void TestCase()
        {
            DiscreteSet         s       = new DiscreteSet();
            DiscreteElement     peuh    = new DiscreteElement(5, 3);
            DiscreteElement     peuh2   = new DiscreteElement(5, 9);
            StringReferenceList refList = new StringReferenceList("Aka", "Bea", "Coq", "Dad", "Elf");

            Console.WriteLine("\n\n" +
                              "+--------------------------------------------------------------------+\n" +
                              "|                         DiscreteSet Tests                          |\n" +
                              "+--------------------------------------------------------------------+"
                              );
            Console.WriteLine(refList);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Empty set:           {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            s.Add(peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            s.Add(peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh2.ToString(refList));
            s.Add(peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Removing the element {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            s.Remove(peuh);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Removing the element {0}", peuh2.ToString(refList));
            s.Remove(peuh2);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Empty set:           {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            s += peuh;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            s += peuh;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Adding the element   {0}", peuh2.ToString(refList));
            s += peuh2;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Removing the element {0}", peuh.ToString(refList));
            s -= peuh;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Removing the element {0}", peuh2.ToString(refList));
            s -= peuh2;
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set:       {0}", s.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Generating a set of 4 atoms.");
            s = DiscreteSet.GenerateSetOfAtoms(4);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set: {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Number of elements: {0}", s.Card);
            Console.WriteLine("Size of elements: {0}", s.ElementSize);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Generating a set of 6 atoms.");
            s = DiscreteSet.GenerateSetOfAtoms(6);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set: {0}", s);
            Console.WriteLine("Number of elements: {0}", s.Card);
            Console.WriteLine("Size of elements: {0}", s.ElementSize);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Generating a set of 68 atoms.");
            s = DiscreteSet.GenerateSetOfAtoms(68);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set: {0}", s.ToStringOnePerLine());
            Console.WriteLine("Number of elements: {0}", s.Card);
            Console.WriteLine("Size of elements: {0}", s.ElementSize);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Generating a powerset with 4 worlds.");
            s = DiscreteSet.GeneratePowerSet(4);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set: {0}", s.ToStringOnePerLine());
            Console.WriteLine("Number of elements: {0}", s.Card);

            Console.WriteLine("Size of elements: {0}", s.ElementSize);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Generating a powerset with 6 worlds.");
            s = DiscreteSet.GeneratePowerSet(6);
            Console.WriteLine("Resulting set: {0}", s.ToStringOnePerLine());
            Console.WriteLine("Number of elements: {0}", s.Card);
            Console.WriteLine("Size of elements: {0}", s.ElementSize);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
        }
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        /*
         * Constructor:
         */

        /// <summary>
        /// Builds an empty evidential mapping vector with just the element from which it will depend.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="e">The element from which the belief will be propagated.</param>
        public DiscreteMappingVector(DiscreteElement e)
        {
            _from = e;
            _to   = new List <DiscreteMappingPoint>();
        }
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        /// <summary>
        /// Adds a new mapping point (a new focal element, an element of the matrix) to which belief will be propagated.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="e">The element to add.</param>
        /// <param name="mappingFactor">The mapping factor between the element of origin and this focal element.</param>
        /// <exception cref="InvalidBeliefModelException">Thrown if the given point is already contained
        /// in this vector.</exception>
        public void AddPoint(DiscreteElement e, double mappingFactor)
        {
            this.AddPoint(new DiscreteMappingPoint(e, mappingFactor));
        }
Exemplo n.º 7
0
        public static void TestCase()
        {
            StringReferenceList  refList = new StringReferenceList("Yes", "No");
            DiscreteMassFunction m1      = new DiscreteMassFunction();

            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.1);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.3);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 0.6);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 0.4);

            Console.WriteLine("\n\n" +
                              "+--------------------------------------------------------------------+\n" +
                              "|                      DiscreteMassFunction Tests                    |\n" +
                              "+--------------------------------------------------------------------+"
                              );
            Console.WriteLine(refList);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine(m1);
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Removing 0.4 to the total ignorance.");
            m1.RemoveMass(DiscreteElement.GetCompleteElement(2), 0.4);
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            DiscreteElement yes    = new DiscreteElement(2, 1);
            DiscreteElement no     = new DiscreteElement(2, 2);
            DiscreteElement yesUNo = new DiscreteElement(2, 3);

            Console.WriteLine("Belief tests:");
            Console.WriteLine("bel({0}) = {1} (should be 0.1)", yes, m1.Bel(yes));
            Console.WriteLine("bel({0}) = {1} (should be 0.3)", no, m1.Bel(no));
            Console.WriteLine("bel({0}) = {1} (should be 1.0)", yesUNo, m1.Bel(yesUNo));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("BetP tests:");
            Console.WriteLine("BetP({0}) = {1} (should be 0.4)", yes, m1.BetP(yes));
            Console.WriteLine("BetP({0}) = {1} (should be 0.6)", no, m1.BetP(no));
            Console.WriteLine("BetP({0}) = {1} (should be 1.0)", yesUNo, m1.BetP(yesUNo));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Plausibility tests:");
            Console.WriteLine("pl({0}) = {1} (should be 0.7)", yes, m1.Pl(yes));
            Console.WriteLine("pl({0}) = {1} (should be 0.9)", no, m1.Pl(no));
            Console.WriteLine("pl({0}) = {1} (should be 1.0)", yesUNo, m1.Pl(yesUNo));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Commonality tests:");
            Console.WriteLine("q({0}) = {1} (should be 0.7)", yes, m1.Q(yes));
            Console.WriteLine("q({0}) = {1} (should be 0.9)", no, m1.Q(no));
            Console.WriteLine("q({0}) = {1} (should be 0.6)", yesUNo, m1.Q(yesUNo));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Conditioning test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Conditioning by {0}...", yes.ToString(refList));
            m1 = m1.Conditioning(yes);
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Conditioning test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Conditioning by {0}...", no.ToString(refList));
            m1 = m1.Conditioning(no);
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            m1 = new DiscreteMassFunction();
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.1);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.3);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 0.6);

            Console.WriteLine("Conditioning test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Conditioning by {0}...", no.ToString(refList));
            m1 = m1.Conditioning(no);
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Conditioning test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("Conditioning by {0}...", yes.ToString(refList));
            m1 = m1.Conditioning(yes);
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            m1 = new DiscreteMassFunction();
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.1);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.3);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 0.6);

            Console.WriteLine("Weakening test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            m1 = m1.Weakening(0.1);
            Console.WriteLine("Weakened by with alpha = 0.1");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            m1 = new DiscreteMassFunction();
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.1);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.3);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 0.6);

            Console.WriteLine("Discounting test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            m1 = m1.Discounting(0.1);
            Console.WriteLine("Disounting by with alpha = 0.1");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            m1 = new DiscreteMassFunction();
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.0);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.3);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 0.7);

            Console.WriteLine("Cleaning test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            m1.Clean();
            Console.WriteLine("After cleaning:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            m1 = new DiscreteMassFunction();
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.33);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.66);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 1.01);

            Console.WriteLine("Normalization test");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            m1.Normalise();
            Console.WriteLine("After normalization:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            m1 = new DiscreteMassFunction();
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.2);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.2);
            m1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 0.6);

            DiscreteMassFunction m2 = new DiscreteMassFunction();

            m2.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.2);
            m2.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.6);
            m2.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 3), 0.2);

            Console.WriteLine("Smets combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("m1: {0}\nm2: {1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationSmets(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            DiscreteMassFunction m3 = new DiscreteMassFunction();

            m3.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 1), 0.8);
            m3.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(2, 2), 0.2);

            Console.WriteLine("Smets combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("Adding a mass function: {0}", m3);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationSmets(m2, m3));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Dempster combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("m1: {0}\nm2: {1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationDempster(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Dempster combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("Adding a mass function: {0}", m3);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationDempster(m2, m3));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Disjunctive combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("m1: {0}\nm2: {1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationDisjunctive(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Disjunctive combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("Adding a mass function: {0}", m3);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationDisjunctive(m2, m3));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Yager combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("m1: {0}\nm2: {1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationYager(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Yager combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("Adding a mass function: {0}", m3);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationYager(m2, m3));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Average combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("m1: {0}\nm2: {1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationAverage(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Average combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("Adding a mass function: {0}", m3);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationAverage(m2, m3));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Murphy combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("m1: {0}\nm2: {1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationMurphy(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Murphy combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("Adding a mass function: {0}", m3);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationMurphy(m2, m3));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Chen combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("m1: {0}\nm2: {1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationChen(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Chen combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("Adding a mass function: {0}", m3);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationChen(m2, m3));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("GetTreeOfFocals test with previous mass functions:");
            List <List <DiscreteElement> > tree = DiscreteMassFunction.GetTreeOfFocals(m1, m2);

            foreach (List <DiscreteElement> list in tree)
            {
                Console.Write("< ");
                foreach (DiscreteElement e in list)
                {
                    Console.Write("{0} ", e);
                }
                Console.Write(">\n");
            }
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("DuboisPrade combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("m1: {0}\nm2: {1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationDuboisPrade(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("GetTreeOfFocals test with previous mass functions:");
            tree = DiscreteMassFunction.GetTreeOfFocals(m1, m2, m3);
            foreach (List <DiscreteElement> list in tree)
            {
                Console.Write("< ");
                foreach (DiscreteElement e in list)
                {
                    Console.Write("{0} ", e);
                }
                Console.Write(">\n");
            }
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("DuboisPrade combination test:");
            Console.WriteLine("Adding a mass function: {0}", m3);
            Console.WriteLine("Combination:\n{0}", m1.CombinationDuboisPrade(m2, m3));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Distance trivial test:\n{0}", m1);
            Console.WriteLine("Distance with itself: {0}", m1.Distance(m1));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            DiscreteMassFunction trivial1 = new DiscreteMassFunction();

            trivial1.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(3, 0), 1);
            DiscreteMassFunction trivial2 = new DiscreteMassFunction();

            trivial2.AddMass(new DiscreteElement(3, 7), 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Distance trivial test 2:\n{0}\nand {1}", trivial1, trivial2);
            Console.WriteLine("Distance between both: {0}", trivial1.Distance(trivial2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Distance test:\n{0}\n{1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Distance between both: {0}", m1.Distance(m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("Distance test:\n{0}\n{1}", m1, m2);
            Console.WriteLine("Distance between both + m1: {0}", m1.Distance(m1, m2));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("Auto-conflict test:\n{0}", m1);
            Console.WriteLine("Auto-conflict:\nDegree 1: {0}", m1.AutoConflict(1));
            Console.WriteLine("Degree 2: {0}", m1.AutoConflict(2));
            Console.WriteLine("Degree 3: {0}", m1.AutoConflict(3));
            Console.WriteLine("Degree 4: {0}", m1.AutoConflict(4));
            Console.WriteLine("Degree 5: {0}", m1.AutoConflict(5));
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("GetMax test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine();
            List <FocalElement <DiscreteElement> > max;

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.M, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of m(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.M, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of m(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.Bel, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of bel(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.Bel, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of bel(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.BetP, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of BetP(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.BetP, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of BetP(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.Pl, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of pl(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.Pl, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of pl(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.Q, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of q(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            max = m1.GetMax(m1.Q, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Max of q(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in max)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("GetMin test:");
            Console.WriteLine(m1.ToString(refList));
            Console.WriteLine();
            List <FocalElement <DiscreteElement> > min;

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.M, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of m(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.M, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of m(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.Bel, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of bel(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.Bel, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of bel(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.BetP, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of BetP(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.BetP, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of BetP(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.Pl, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of pl(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.Pl, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of pl(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.Q, 1);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of q(), maxCard = 1:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            min = m1.GetMin(m1.Q, 2);
            Console.WriteLine("Min of q(), maxCard = 2:");
            foreach (FocalElement <DiscreteElement> fe in min)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}, Value: {1}", fe.Element.ToString(refList), fe.Value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------");
        }
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        /*
         * Constructor:
         */

        /// <summary>
        /// A basic constructor from a discrete element. No point is associated first.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="e">The element for which a model will be created.</param>
        public DiscreteSensorFocalBelief(DiscreteElement e)
        {
            _element = e;
            _belief  = new List <DiscreteSensorFocalPoint>();
        }