// returns true if last GameState results in a draw by insufficient material, false otherwise
public static bool IsDrawByInsufficientMaterial()
{
// initialize piece counts
int w_knight_count = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.white_knight);
int w_bishop_count = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.white_bishop);
int b_knight_count = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.black_knight);
int b_bishop_count = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.black_bishop);
int w_piece_count = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.white_pieces);
int b_piece_count = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.black_pieces);
// white king v. black king
if (w_piece_count == 1 && b_piece_count == 1)
{
return(true);
}
// white king v. black king and knight or bishop
if (w_piece_count == 1 && b_piece_count == 2 && (b_knight_count == 1 || b_bishop_count == 1))
{
return(true);
}
// white king and knight or bishop v. black king
if (b_piece_count == 1 && w_piece_count == 2 && (w_knight_count == 1 || w_bishop_count == 1))
{
return(true);
}
// white king and bishop(s) v. black king and bishop(s), bishops all on same color squares
if ((w_piece_count - w_bishop_count) == 1 && (b_piece_count - b_bishop_count) == 1)
{
// initialize light/dark squares Biboards
UInt64 light_squares = 0x55AA55AA55AA55AA;
UInt64 dark_squares = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55;
// bishops are all on light squares
if ((AI.board.white_bishop & dark_squares) == 0 && (AI.board.black_bishop & dark_squares) == 0)
{
return(true);
}
// bishops are all on dark squares
if ((AI.board.white_bishop & light_squares) == 0 && (AI.board.black_bishop & light_squares) == 0)
{
return(true);
}
}
// there is still sufficient material to checkmate
return(false);
}
// returns the king safety score for the specified color
public static int GetKingSafetyScore(int player)
{
// initialize variables
int white_king_safety = 0, black_king_safety = 0, net_king_safety = 0;
// calculate white king safety score
uint white_king_sq = MoveGen.GetNextSquare(AI.board.white_king);
white_king_safety += BONUS_KINGSAFETY_STRONG * (ChessBoard.BitCount(W_KINGSAFETY_STRONG[white_king_sq] & AI.board.white_pawn));
white_king_safety += BONUS_KINGSAFETY_WEAK * (ChessBoard.BitCount(W_KINGSAFETY_WEAK[white_king_sq] & AI.board.white_pawn));
// calculate black king safety score
uint black_king_sq = MoveGen.GetNextSquare(AI.board.black_king);
black_king_safety += BONUS_KINGSAFETY_STRONG * (ChessBoard.BitCount(B_KINGSAFETY_STRONG[black_king_sq] & AI.board.black_pawn));
black_king_safety += BONUS_KINGSAFETY_WEAK * (ChessBoard.BitCount(B_KINGSAFETY_WEAK[black_king_sq] & AI.board.black_pawn));
// give penalty for being in check in end game
if (IsEndGame(GetMaterialScore(ChessBoard.WHITE), GetMaterialScore(ChessBoard.BLACK)))
{
if (MoveGen.IsKingAttacked(ChessBoard.WHITE))
{
white_king_safety += PENALTY_KING_CHECKED;
}
if (MoveGen.IsKingAttacked(ChessBoard.BLACK))
{
black_king_safety += PENALTY_KING_CHECKED;
}
}
// calculate net king safety score
if (player == ChessBoard.WHITE)
{
net_king_safety += white_king_safety - black_king_safety;
}
else if (player == ChessBoard.BLACK)
{
net_king_safety += black_king_safety - white_king_safety;
}
// return king safety score
return(net_king_safety);
}
// returns the material score for the specified player
public static int GetMaterialScore(int player)
{
// initialize variables
int white_material = 0, black_material = 0, net_material = 0;
int wPawns = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.white_pawn);
int wRooks = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.white_rook);
int wKnights = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.white_knight);
int wBishops = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.white_bishop);
int wQueens = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.white_queen);
int wTotal = wPawns + wRooks + wKnights + wBishops + wQueens;
int bPawns = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.black_pawn);
int bRooks = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.black_rook);
int bKnights = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.black_knight);
int bBishops = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.black_bishop);
int bQueens = ChessBoard.BitCount(AI.board.black_queen);
int bTotal = bPawns + bRooks + bKnights + bBishops + bQueens;
UInt64 light_squares = 0x55AA55AA55AA55AA;
UInt64 dark_squares = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55;
// calculate material score for both players
white_material += PAWN_SCORE * wPawns;
white_material += ROOK_SCORE * wRooks;
white_material += KNIGHT_SCORE * wKnights;
white_material += BISHOP_SCORE * wBishops;
white_material += QUEEN_SCORE * wQueens;
black_material += PAWN_SCORE * bPawns;
black_material += ROOK_SCORE * bRooks;
black_material += KNIGHT_SCORE * bKnights;
black_material += BISHOP_SCORE * bBishops;
black_material += QUEEN_SCORE * bQueens;
// add bonus for bishop pair
if ((AI.board.white_bishop & light_squares) != ChessBoard.EMPTY && (AI.board.white_bishop & dark_squares) != ChessBoard.EMPTY)
{
white_material += BONUS_BISHOP_PAIR;
}
if ((AI.board.black_bishop & light_squares) != ChessBoard.EMPTY && (AI.board.black_bishop & dark_squares) != ChessBoard.EMPTY)
{
black_material += BONUS_BISHOP_PAIR;
}
// if one side is ahead on material, give bonus for pieces remaining on board
if (player == ChessBoard.WHITE && (white_material + wTotal) > (black_material + bTotal))
{
white_material += (45 + (3 * wTotal));
black_material += (6 * bTotal);
}
else if (player == ChessBoard.BLACK && (black_material + bTotal) > (white_material + wTotal))
{
black_material += (45 + (3 * bTotal));
white_material += (6 * wTotal);
}
// calculate net material score
if (player == ChessBoard.WHITE)
{
net_material = white_material - black_material;
}
else if (player == ChessBoard.BLACK)
{
net_material = black_material - white_material;
}
// return material score
return(net_material);
}