/// <summary>
/// Adds all basic blocks, starting from the procedure's entry point,
/// to the procedure's list of owning blocks. Note that multiple
/// procedures may share one or more basic blocks.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="proc"></param>
protected virtual bool AddBasicBlocksToProcedure(Procedure proc)
{
// TODO: introduce ProcedureAlias, so that we don't need to
// analyze the same procedure twice.
BasicBlock block = BasicBlocks.Find(proc.EntryPoint);
if (block == null)
{
return(false);
}
Stack <BasicBlock> queue = new Stack <BasicBlock>();
queue.Push(block);
while (queue.Count > 0)
{
BasicBlock parent = queue.Pop();
if (!proc.BasicBlocks.Contains(parent))
{
proc.AddBasicBlock(parent);
foreach (BasicBlock child in BasicBlocks.ControlFlowGraph.GetSuccessors(parent))
{
queue.Push(child);
}
}
}
return(true);
}
/// <summary>
/// Generates control flow graph from existing xrefs.
/// </summary>
protected virtual void GenerateControlFlowGraph()
{
foreach (XRef xref in CrossReferences)
{
// Skip xrefs with unknown source (e.g. user-specified entry
// point) or target (e.g. dynamic call or jump).
if (xref.Source == Address.Invalid ||
xref.Target == Address.Invalid)
{
continue;
}
if (xref.Type == XRefType.NearCall ||
xref.Type == XRefType.FarCall)
{
continue;
}
// Find the basic blocks that owns the source location
// and target location.
BasicBlock sourceBlock = BasicBlocks.Find(xref.Source);
BasicBlock targetBlock = BasicBlocks.Find(xref.Target);
#if true
if (sourceBlock == null || targetBlock == null)
{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Cannot find block.");
continue;
}
#else
System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(sourceBlock != null);
System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(targetBlock != null);
#endif
// Create a directed edge from the source basic block to
// the target basic block.
BasicBlocks.ControlFlowGraph.AddEdge(
sourceBlock, targetBlock, xref);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the image associated with the segment specified by its id.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="segmentId">Id of the segment to resolve.</param>
/// <returns>The image associated with the given segment, or null if
/// the segment id is invalid.</returns>
//protected abstract ImageChunk ResolveSegment(int segmentId);
#region Flow Analysis Methods
/// <summary>
/// Analyzes a contiguous sequence of instructions that form a basic
/// block. A basic block terminates as soon as any of the following
/// conditions is true:
/// - An analysis error occurs
/// - An block terminating instructions: RET, RETF, IRET, HLT.
/// - A b/c/j instruction: Jcc, JMP, JMPF, LOOPcc.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="start">Address to begin analysis.</param>
/// <param name="xrefs">Collection to add xrefs to.</param>
/// <returns>
/// A new BasicBlock if one was created during the analysis.
/// If no new BasicBlocks are created, or if an existing block was
/// split into two, returns null.
/// </returns>
// TODO: should be roll-back the entire basic block if we
// encounters an error on our way? maybe not.
protected virtual BasicBlock AnalyzeBasicBlock(XRef start, ICollection <XRef> xrefs)
{
Address ip = start.Target; // instruction pointer
if (!image.IsAddressValid(ip))
{
AddError(ip, ErrorCode.OutOfImage,
"XRef target is outside of the image (referred from {0})",
start.Source);
return(null);
}
// Check if the entry address is already analyzed.
ByteAttribute b = image[ip];
if (b.Type != ByteType.Unknown)
{
// Fail if we ran into data or padding while expecting code.
if (b.Type != ByteType.Code)
{
AddError(ip, ErrorCode.RanIntoData,
"XRef target is in the middle of data (referred from {0})",
start.Source);
return(null);
}
// Now the byte was previously analyzed as code. We must have
// already created a basic block that contains this byte.
BasicBlock block = BasicBlocks.Find(ip);
System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(block != null);
// If the existing block starts at this address, we're done.
if (block.Location == ip)
{
return(null);
}
// TBD: recover the following in some way...
#if false
if (image[b.BasicBlock.StartAddress].Address.Segment != pos.Segment)
{
AddError(pos, ErrorCategory.Error,
"Ran into the middle of a block [{0},{1}) from another segment " +
"when processing block {2} referred from {3}",
b.BasicBlock.StartAddress, b.BasicBlock.EndAddress,
start.Target, start.Source);
return(null);
}
#endif
// Now split the existing basic block into two. This requires
// that the cut-off point is at instruction boundary.
if (!b.IsLeadByte)
{
AddError(ip, ErrorCode.RanIntoCode,
"XRef target is in the middle of an instruction (referred from {0})",
start.Source);
return(null);
}
BasicBlock[] subBlocks = BasicBlocks.SplitBasicBlock(block, ip, image);
// Create a xref from the previous block to this block.
XRef xref = CreateFallThroughXRef(GetLastInstructionInBasicBlock(subBlocks[0]), ip);
xrefs.Add(xref);
return(null);
}
// TODO: Move the above into a separate procedure.
// Analyze each instruction in sequence until we encounter
// analyzed code, flow instruction, or an error condition.
BasicBlockType blockType = BasicBlockType.Unknown;
while (true)
{
// Decode an instruction at this location.
Address instructionStart = ip;
Instruction insn = CreateInstruction(ip, start);
if (insn == null)
{
AddError(ip, ErrorCode.BrokenBasicBlock,
"Basic block ended prematurally because of invalid instruction.");
blockType = BasicBlockType.Broken;
break;
}
Address instructionEnd = ip + insn.EncodedLength;
// Advance the instruction pointer.
ip = instructionEnd;
// Determine whether this instruction affects control flow.
XRefType flowType = GetFlowInstructionType(insn.Operation);
if (flowType != XRefType.None)
{
// Creates an active cross reference if necessary.
if (NeedsActiveXRef(flowType))
{
XRef xref = CreateFlowXRef(flowType, instructionStart, insn);
if (xref != null)
{
xrefs.Add(xref);
}
}
// Creates a fall-through cross reference if necessary.
if (CanFallThrough(flowType))
{
XRef xref = CreateFallThroughXRef(instructionStart, instructionEnd);
xrefs.Add(xref);
}
// Terminate the block.
blockType = GetBasicBlockType(flowType);
break;
}
// If the new location is already analyzed as code, create a
// control-flow edge from the previous block to the existing
// block, and we are done.
if (!image.IsAddressValid(ip))
{
blockType = BasicBlockType.Broken;
break;
}
if (image[ip].Type == ByteType.Code)
{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(image[ip].IsLeadByte);
XRef xref = CreateFallThroughXRef(instructionStart, instructionEnd);
xrefs.Add(xref);
blockType = BasicBlockType.FallThrough;
break;
}
}
// Create a basic block unless we failed on the first instruction.
if (ip.Offset > start.Target.Offset)
{
BasicBlock block = new BasicBlock(start.Target, ip, blockType, image);
BasicBlocks.Add(block);
}
return(null);
}