internal override FunctionUpdateCommand Translate(
                UpdateTranslator translator,
                ExtractedStateEntry stateEntry)
            {
                if (null == m_mapping)
                {
                    return null;
                }

                var isInsert = EntityState.Added == stateEntry.State;

                EntityUtil.ValidateNecessaryModificationFunctionMapping(
                    isInsert ? m_mapping.InsertFunctionMapping : m_mapping.DeleteFunctionMapping,
                    isInsert ? "Insert" : "Delete",
                    stateEntry.Source, "AssociationSet", m_mapping.AssociationSet.Name);

                // initialize a new command
                var functionMapping = isInsert ? m_mapping.InsertFunctionMapping : m_mapping.DeleteFunctionMapping;
                var command = new FunctionUpdateCommand(
                    functionMapping, translator, new ReadOnlyCollection<IEntityStateEntry>(new[] { stateEntry.Source }.ToList()), stateEntry);

                // extract the relationship values from the state entry
                PropagatorResult recordResult;
                if (isInsert)
                {
                    recordResult = stateEntry.Current;
                }
                else
                {
                    recordResult = stateEntry.Original;
                }

                // bind parameters
                foreach (var parameterBinding in functionMapping.ParameterBindings)
                {
                    // extract the relationship information
                    Debug.Assert(
                        2 == parameterBinding.MemberPath.Members.Count, "relationship parameter binding member " +
                                                                        "path should include the relationship end and key property only");

                    var keyProperty = (EdmProperty)parameterBinding.MemberPath.Members[0];
                    var endMember = (AssociationEndMember)parameterBinding.MemberPath.Members[1];

                    // get the end member
                    var endResult = recordResult.GetMemberValue(endMember);
                    var keyResult = endResult.GetMemberValue(keyProperty);

                    command.SetParameterValue(keyResult, parameterBinding, translator);
                }
                // add rows affected output parameter
                command.RegisterRowsAffectedParameter(functionMapping.RowsAffectedParameter);

                return command;
            }
            internal override FunctionUpdateCommand Translate(
                UpdateTranslator translator,
                ExtractedStateEntry stateEntry)
            {
                var mapping = GetFunctionMapping(stateEntry);
                var functionMapping = mapping.Item2;
                var entityKey = stateEntry.Source.EntityKey;

                var stateEntries = new HashSet<IEntityStateEntry>
                    {
                        stateEntry.Source
                    };

                // gather all referenced association ends
                var collocatedEntries =
                    // find all related entries corresponding to collocated association types
                    from end in functionMapping.CollocatedAssociationSetEnds
                    join candidateEntry in translator.GetRelationships(entityKey)
                        on end.CorrespondingAssociationEndMember.DeclaringType equals candidateEntry.EntitySet.ElementType
                    select Tuple.Create(end.CorrespondingAssociationEndMember, candidateEntry);

                var currentReferenceEnds = new Dictionary<AssociationEndMember, IEntityStateEntry>();
                var originalReferenceEnds = new Dictionary<AssociationEndMember, IEntityStateEntry>();

                foreach (var candidate in collocatedEntries)
                {
                    ProcessReferenceCandidate(
                        entityKey, stateEntries, currentReferenceEnds, originalReferenceEnds, candidate.Item1, candidate.Item2);
                }

                // create function object
                FunctionUpdateCommand command;

                // consider the following scenario, we need to loop through all the state entries that is correlated with entity2 and make sure it is not changed.
                // entity1 <-- Independent Association <-- entity2 <-- Fk association <-- entity 3
                //                                           |
                //              entity4 <-- Fk association <--
                if (stateEntries.All(e => e.State == EntityState.Unchanged))
                {
                    // we shouldn't update the entity if it is unchanged, only update when referenced association is changed.
                    // if not, then this will trigger a fake update for principal
                    command = null;
                }
                else
                {
                    command = new FunctionUpdateCommand(functionMapping, translator, new ReadOnlyCollection<IEntityStateEntry>(stateEntries.ToList()), stateEntry);

                    // bind all function parameters
                    BindFunctionParameters(translator, stateEntry, functionMapping, command, currentReferenceEnds, originalReferenceEnds);

                    // interpret all result bindings
                    if (null != functionMapping.ResultBindings)
                    {
                        foreach (var resultBinding in functionMapping.ResultBindings)
                        {
                            var result = stateEntry.Current.GetMemberValue(resultBinding.Property);
                            command.AddResultColumn(translator, resultBinding.ColumnName, result);
                        }
                    }
                }

                return command;
            }
            // Walks through all parameter bindings in the function mapping and binds the parameters to the
            // requested properties of the given state entry.
            private static void BindFunctionParameters(
                UpdateTranslator translator, ExtractedStateEntry stateEntry, ModificationFunctionMapping functionMapping,
                FunctionUpdateCommand command, Dictionary<AssociationEndMember, IEntityStateEntry> currentReferenceEnds,
                Dictionary<AssociationEndMember, IEntityStateEntry> originalReferenceEnds)
            {
                // bind all parameters
                foreach (var parameterBinding in functionMapping.ParameterBindings)
                {
                    PropagatorResult result;

                    // extract value
                    if (null != parameterBinding.MemberPath.AssociationSetEnd)
                    {
                        // find the relationship entry corresponding to the navigation
                        var endMember = parameterBinding.MemberPath.AssociationSetEnd.CorrespondingAssociationEndMember;
                        IEntityStateEntry relationshipEntry;
                        var hasTarget = parameterBinding.IsCurrent
                                            ? currentReferenceEnds.TryGetValue(endMember, out relationshipEntry)
                                            : originalReferenceEnds.TryGetValue(endMember, out relationshipEntry);
                        if (!hasTarget)
                        {
                            if (endMember.RelationshipMultiplicity
                                == RelationshipMultiplicity.One)
                            {
                                var entitySetName = stateEntry.Source.EntitySet.Name;
                                var associationSetName = parameterBinding.MemberPath.AssociationSetEnd.ParentAssociationSet.Name;
                                throw new UpdateException(
                                    Strings.Update_MissingRequiredRelationshipValue(entitySetName, associationSetName), null,
                                    command.GetStateEntries(translator).Cast<ObjectStateEntry>().Distinct());
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                result = PropagatorResult.CreateSimpleValue(PropagatorFlags.NoFlags, null);
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // get the actual value
                            var relationshipResult = parameterBinding.IsCurrent
                                                         ? translator.RecordConverter.ConvertCurrentValuesToPropagatorResult(
                                                             relationshipEntry, ModifiedPropertiesBehavior.AllModified)
                                                         : translator.RecordConverter.ConvertOriginalValuesToPropagatorResult(
                                                             relationshipEntry, ModifiedPropertiesBehavior.AllModified);
                            var endResult = relationshipResult.GetMemberValue(endMember);
                            var keyProperty = (EdmProperty)parameterBinding.MemberPath.Members[0];
                            result = endResult.GetMemberValue(keyProperty);
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // walk through the member path to find the appropriate propagator results
                        result = parameterBinding.IsCurrent ? stateEntry.Current : stateEntry.Original;
                        for (var i = parameterBinding.MemberPath.Members.Count; i > 0;)
                        {
                            --i;
                            var member = parameterBinding.MemberPath.Members[i];
                            result = result.GetMemberValue(member);
                        }
                    }

                    // create DbParameter
                    command.SetParameterValue(result, parameterBinding, translator);
                }
                // Add rows affected parameter
                command.RegisterRowsAffectedParameter(functionMapping.RowsAffectedParameter);
            }