public void Run() { using (Context ctx = new Context()) { Sort U = ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("U"); Console.WriteLine(U); Expr a = ctx.MkConst("a", U); a = ctx.MkConst("a", U); Expr b = ctx.MkConst("b", U); Expr c = ctx.MkConst("c", U); IntExpr x = ctx.MkIntConst("x"); IntExpr y = ctx.MkIntConst("y"); Console.WriteLine(ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkEq(a, b), ctx.MkEq(a, c))); Console.WriteLine(U == ctx.IntSort); Sort U2 = ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("U"); Console.WriteLine(U == U2); U2 = ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("U2"); Console.WriteLine(U == U2); Console.WriteLine(ctx.MkDistinct(a, b, c)); FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", new Sort[] { U, U }, U); Console.WriteLine(ctx.MkEq(f[a,b], b)); } }
public static Expr EeAndGt(String left1, int left2, String right1, int right2) { using (Context ctx = new Context()) { Expr a = ctx.MkConst(left1, ctx.MkIntSort()); Expr b = ctx.MkNumeral(left2, ctx.MkIntSort()); Expr c = ctx.MkConst(right1, ctx.MkIntSort()); Expr d = ctx.MkNumeral(right2, ctx.MkIntSort()); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkEq((ArithExpr)a, (ArithExpr)b), ctx.MkGt((ArithExpr)c, (ArithExpr)d))); s.Check(); BoolExpr testing = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkEq((ArithExpr)a, (ArithExpr)b), ctx.MkGt((ArithExpr)c, (ArithExpr)d)); Model model = Check(ctx, testing, Status.SATISFIABLE); Expr result2; Model m2 = s.Model; foreach (FuncDecl d2 in m2.Decls) { result2 = m2.ConstInterp(d2); return result2; } } return null; }
public void Run() { Dictionary<string, string> cfg = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "AUTO_CONFIG", "true" } }; using (Context ctx = new Context(cfg)) { Sort A = ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("A"); Sort B = ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("B"); FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", A, B); Expr a1 = ctx.MkConst("a1", A); Expr a2 = ctx.MkConst("a2", A); Expr b = ctx.MkConst("b", B); Expr x = ctx.MkConst("x", A); Expr y = ctx.MkConst("y", A); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(a1, a2))); s.Assert(ctx.MkEq(f[a1], b)); s.Assert(ctx.MkEq(f[a2], b)); s.Assert(ctx.MkForall(new Expr[] { x, y }, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkEq(f[x], f[y]), ctx.MkEq(x, y)), 1, new Pattern[] { ctx.MkPattern(f[x], f[y]) })); Console.WriteLine(s); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); } }
public void Run() { Dictionary<string, string> cfg = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "AUTO_CONFIG", "true" } }; using (Context ctx = new Context(cfg)) { Sort A = ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("A"); Expr x = ctx.MkConst("x", A); Expr y = ctx.MkConst("y", A); FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", A, A); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkEq(f[f[x]], x), ctx.MkEq(f[x], y), ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(x, y))); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); Model m = s.Model; Console.WriteLine(m); Console.WriteLine("interpretation assigned to A: "); foreach (Expr a in m.SortUniverse(A)) Console.WriteLine(a); } }
public void Run() { using (Context ctx = new Context()) { Sort U = ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("U"); FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", U, U); Expr a = ctx.MkConst("a", U); Expr b = ctx.MkConst("b", U); Expr c = ctx.MkConst("c", U); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkEq(f[f[a]], b), ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(f[b], c)), ctx.MkEq(f[c], c)); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); Model m = s.Model; foreach (FuncDecl d in m.Decls) if (d.DomainSize == 0) Console.WriteLine(d.Name + " -> " + m.ConstInterp(d)); else Console.WriteLine(d.Name + " -> " + m.FuncInterp(d)); Console.WriteLine(m.NumSorts); Console.WriteLine(m.Sorts[0]); foreach(Sort srt in m.Sorts) Console.WriteLine(srt); foreach (Expr v in m.SortUniverse(U)) Console.WriteLine(v); } }
/// <summary> /// Generates a slightly randomized expression. /// </summary> static BoolExpr MkRandomExpr(Context ctx, System.Random rng) { int limit = 1073741823; Sort i = ctx.IntSort; Sort b = ctx.BoolSort; Symbol sr1 = ctx.MkSymbol(rng.Next(0, limit)); Symbol sr2 = ctx.MkSymbol(rng.Next(0, limit)); Symbol sr3 = ctx.MkSymbol(rng.Next(0, limit)); FuncDecl r1 = ctx.MkFuncDecl(sr1, i, b); FuncDecl r2 = ctx.MkFuncDecl(sr2, i, b); FuncDecl r3 = ctx.MkFuncDecl(sr3, i, b); Symbol s = ctx.MkSymbol(rng.Next(0, limit)); Expr x = ctx.MkConst(s, i); BoolExpr r1x = (BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(r1, x); BoolExpr r2x = (BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(r2, x); BoolExpr r3x = (BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(r3, x); Expr[] vars = { x }; BoolExpr rl1 = ctx.MkForall(vars, ctx.MkImplies(r1x, r2x)); BoolExpr rl2 = ctx.MkForall(vars, ctx.MkImplies(r2x, r1x)); BoolExpr rl3 = (BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(r1, ctx.MkInt(3)); BoolExpr q = (BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(r3, ctx.MkInt(2)); BoolExpr a1 = ctx.MkNot(q); BoolExpr q1 = ctx.MkExists(vars, ctx.MkAnd(r3x, r2x)); BoolExpr q2 = ctx.MkExists(vars, ctx.MkAnd(r3x, r1x)); BoolExpr[] all = { a1, q1, q2 }; return ctx.MkAnd(all); }
public void Run() { Dictionary<string, string> cfg = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "AUTO_CONFIG", "true" }, { "MODEL", "true" } }; using (Context ctx = new Context(cfg)) { EnumSort color = ctx.MkEnumSort("Color", new string[] { "red", "green", "blue" }); Expr red = color.Consts[0]; Expr green = color.Consts[1]; Expr blue = color.Consts[2]; Console.WriteLine(ctx.MkEq(green, blue)); Console.WriteLine(ctx.MkEq(green, blue).Simplify()); Expr c = ctx.MkConst("c", color); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(c, green))); s.Assert(ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(c, blue))); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); Console.WriteLine(s.Model); } }
public void Run() { Dictionary<string, string> cfg = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "AUTO_CONFIG", "true" } }; using (Context ctx = new Context(cfg)) { Expr x = ctx.MkConst("x", ctx.IntSort); Console.WriteLine(x == ctx.MkIntConst("x")); BoolExpr a = (BoolExpr)ctx.MkConst("a", ctx.BoolSort); BoolExpr b = (BoolExpr)ctx.MkConst("b", ctx.BoolSort); Console.WriteLine(ctx.MkAnd(a, b)); } }
public void Run() { Dictionary<string, string> cfg = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "AUTO_CONFIG", "true" }, { "MODEL", "true" } }; using (Context ctx = new Context(cfg)) { Constructor c_leaf = ctx.MkConstructor("leaf", "is_leaf", new string[] { "val" }, new Sort[] { ctx.IntSort }); Constructor c_node = ctx.MkConstructor("node", "is_node", new string[] { "left", "right" }, new Sort[] { null, null }, new uint[] { 1, 1 }); Constructor[] constr_1 = new Constructor[] { c_leaf, c_node }; Constructor c_nil = ctx.MkConstructor("nil", "is_nil"); Constructor c_cons = ctx.MkConstructor("cons", "is_cons", new string[] { "car", "cdr" }, new Sort[] { null, null }, new uint[] { 0, 1 }); Constructor[] constr_2 = new Constructor[] { c_nil, c_cons }; DatatypeSort[] ts = ctx.MkDatatypeSorts(new string[] { "Tree", "TreeList" }, new Constructor[][] { constr_1, constr_2 }); DatatypeSort Tree = ts[0]; DatatypeSort TreeList = ts[1]; FuncDecl leaf = Tree.Constructors[0]; FuncDecl node = Tree.Constructors[1]; FuncDecl val = Tree.Accessors[0][0]; FuncDecl nil = TreeList.Constructors[0]; FuncDecl cons = TreeList.Constructors[1]; Expr t1 = leaf[ctx.MkInt(10)]; Expr tl1 = cons[t1, nil.Apply()]; Expr t2 = node[tl1, nil.Apply()]; Console.WriteLine(t2); Console.WriteLine(val.Apply(t1).Simplify()); t1 = ctx.MkConst("t1", TreeList); t2 = ctx.MkConst("t2", TreeList); Expr t3 = ctx.MkConst("t3", TreeList); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkDistinct(t1, t2, t3)); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); Console.WriteLine(s.Model); } }
/// <summary> /// Prove <tt>store(a1, i1, v1) = store(a2, i2, v2) implies (i1 = i3 or i2 = i3 or select(a1, i3) = select(a2, i3))</tt>. /// </summary> /// <remarks>This example demonstrates how to use the array theory.</remarks> public static void ArrayExample2(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("ArrayExample2"); Sort int_type = ctx.IntSort; Sort array_type = ctx.MkArraySort(int_type, int_type); ArrayExpr a1 = (ArrayExpr)ctx.MkConst("a1", array_type); ArrayExpr a2 = ctx.MkArrayConst("a2", int_type, int_type); Expr i1 = ctx.MkConst("i1", int_type); Expr i2 = ctx.MkConst("i2", int_type); Expr i3 = ctx.MkConst("i3", int_type); Expr v1 = ctx.MkConst("v1", int_type); Expr v2 = ctx.MkConst("v2", int_type); Expr st1 = ctx.MkStore(a1, i1, v1); Expr st2 = ctx.MkStore(a2, i2, v2); Expr sel1 = ctx.MkSelect(a1, i3); Expr sel2 = ctx.MkSelect(a2, i3); /* create antecedent */ BoolExpr antecedent = ctx.MkEq(st1, st2); /* create consequent: i1 = i3 or i2 = i3 or select(a1, i3) = select(a2, i3) */ BoolExpr consequent = ctx.MkOr(new BoolExpr[] { ctx.MkEq(i1, i3), ctx.MkEq(i2, i3), ctx.MkEq(sel1, sel2) }); /* prove store(a1, i1, v1) = store(a2, i2, v2) implies (i1 = i3 or i2 = i3 or select(a1, i3) = select(a2, i3)) */ BoolExpr thm = ctx.MkImplies(antecedent, consequent); Console.WriteLine("prove: store(a1, i1, v1) = store(a2, i2, v2) implies (i1 = i3 or i2 = i3 or select(a1, i3) = select(a2, i3))"); Console.WriteLine("{0}", (thm)); Prove(ctx, thm); }
public static void CheckLessThan(int a, String b) { // Console.WriteLine("This test worked" + a + " " + b); using (Context ctx = new Context()) { // 3 < x Expr x = ctx.MkConst(b, ctx.MkIntSort()); Expr value = ctx.MkNumeral(a, ctx.MkIntSort()); BoolExpr test = ctx.MkLt((ArithExpr)value,(ArithExpr) x); Model model = Check(ctx, test, Status.SATISFIABLE); } }
static void Main(string[] args) { using (Context ctx = new Context()) { Expr x = ctx.MkConst("x", ctx.MkIntSort()); Expr zero = ctx.MkNumeral(0, ctx.MkIntSort()); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkLt((ArithExpr)zero, (ArithExpr)x)); // 0<x Status result = s.Check(); Console.WriteLine(result); } }
public void Run() { Dictionary<string, string> cfg = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "AUTO_CONFIG", "true" }, { "MODEL", "true" } }; using (Context ctx = new Context(cfg)) { Constructor cred = ctx.MkConstructor("red", "is_red"); Constructor cgreen = ctx.MkConstructor("green", "is_green"); Constructor cblue = ctx.MkConstructor("blue", "is_blue"); DatatypeSort color = ctx.MkDatatypeSort("Color", new Constructor[] { cred, cgreen, cblue }); Expr Red = ctx.MkConst(color.Constructors[0]); Expr Green = ctx.MkConst(color.Constructors[1]); Expr Blue = ctx.MkConst(color.Constructors[2]); Expr c = ctx.MkConst("c", color); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkOr(ctx.MkEq(c, Red), ctx.MkEq(c, Green), ctx.MkEq(c, Blue)))); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); // must be unsat BoolExpr c_is_red = (BoolExpr)color.Recognizers[0][c]; BoolExpr c_is_green = (BoolExpr)color.Recognizers[1][c]; BoolExpr c_is_blue = (BoolExpr)color.Recognizers[2][c]; s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkOr(c_is_red, c_is_green, c_is_blue)); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); // must be sat s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkOr(c_is_red, c_is_green, c_is_blue))); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); // must be unsat } }
public void Run() { Dictionary<string, string> cfg = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "AUTO_CONFIG", "true" } }; using (Context ctx = new Context(cfg)) { Sort T = ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("Type"); FuncDecl subtype = ctx.MkFuncDecl("subtype", new Sort[] { T, T }, ctx.BoolSort); FuncDecl array_of = ctx.MkFuncDecl("array_of", T, T); Expr root = ctx.MkConst("root", T); Expr x = ctx.MkConst("x", T); Expr y = ctx.MkConst("y", T); Expr z = ctx.MkConst("z", T); BoolExpr[] axioms = new BoolExpr[] { ctx.MkForall(new Expr[] { x }, subtype[x, x]), ctx.MkForall(new Expr[] { x, y , z }, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkAnd((BoolExpr)subtype[x,y], (BoolExpr)subtype[y,z]), (BoolExpr)subtype[x,z])), ctx.MkForall(new Expr[] { x, y }, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkAnd((BoolExpr)subtype[x, y], (BoolExpr)subtype[y,x]), ctx.MkEq(x, y))), ctx.MkForall(new Expr[] { x, y, z }, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkAnd((BoolExpr)subtype[x,y],(BoolExpr)subtype[x,z]), ctx.MkOr((BoolExpr)subtype[y,z], (BoolExpr)subtype[z,y]))), ctx.MkForall(new Expr[] { x, y }, ctx.MkImplies((BoolExpr)subtype[x,y], (BoolExpr)subtype[array_of[x], array_of[y]])), ctx.MkForall(new Expr[] { x }, (BoolExpr) subtype[root, x]) }; Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(axioms); Console.WriteLine(s); Console.WriteLine(s.Check()); Expr[] universe = s.Model.SortUniverse(T); foreach (var e in universe) Console.WriteLine(e); Console.WriteLine(s.Model); } }
//Constructor public Z3Context() { //Initialize Config and Context _config = new Config(); _config.SetParamValue("MODEL", "true"); // corresponds to /m switch _config.SetParamValue("MACRO_FINDER", "true"); _context = new Context(_config); //Setup custom conversion method BoolToInt (boolean -> integer)---------------------------------------------------------------- FuncDecl boolToInt = _context.MkFuncDecl("BoolToInt", _context.MkBoolSort(), _context.MkIntSort()); Term i = _context.MkConst("i", _context.MkBoolSort()); Term fDef = _context.MkIte(_context.MkEq(i, _context.MkTrue()), _context.MkIntNumeral(1), _context.MkIntNumeral(0)); // x == true => 1, x == false => 0 Term fStatement = _context.MkForall(0, new Term[] { i }, null, _context.MkEq(_context.MkApp(boolToInt, i), fDef)); _context.AssertCnstr(fStatement); // _functions.Add("BoolToInt", new Z3Function(boolToInt)); //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- }
/// <summary> /// Simple bit-vector example. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// This example disproves that x - 10 <= 0 IFF x <= 10 for (32-bit) machine integers /// </remarks> public static void BitvectorExample1() { var ctx = new Z3.Context(); using var svc = Z3Api.Own(ctx); var bv_type = ctx.MkBitVecSort(32); var x = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkConst("x", bv_type); var zero = (BitVecNum)ctx.MkNumeral("0", bv_type); BitVecNum ten = ctx.MkBV(10, 32); BitVecExpr x_minus_ten = ctx.MkBVSub(x, ten); /* bvsle is signed less than or equal to */ BoolExpr c1 = ctx.MkBVSLE(x, ten); BoolExpr c2 = ctx.MkBVSLE(x_minus_ten, zero); BoolExpr thm = ctx.MkIff(c1, c2); print("disprove: x - 10 <= 0 IFF x <= 10 for (32-bit) machine integers"); Disprove(ctx, thm); }
public void Run() { using (Context ctx = new Context()) { Symbol s1 = ctx.MkSymbol(1); Symbol s2 = ctx.MkSymbol(1); Symbol s3 = ctx.MkSymbol(2); Sort[] domain = new Sort[0]; Sort range = ctx.IntSort; TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a1", s1 == s2); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a2", s1 != s3); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a3", ctx.MkSymbol("x") != s1); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a4", ctx.MkSymbol("x") == ctx.MkSymbol("x")); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a5", ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", domain, range) == ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", domain, range)); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a6", ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", domain, range) != ctx.MkFuncDecl("g", domain, range)); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a7", ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("s") == ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("s")); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a8", ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("s") != ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("t")); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a9", ctx.MkUninterpretedSort("s") != ctx.IntSort); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a10", ctx.MkConst("x", range) == ctx.MkConst("x", range)); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a11", ctx.MkConst("x", range) == ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("x"), range)); TestDriver.CheckAssertion("a12", ctx.MkConst("x", range) != ctx.MkConst("y", range)); } }
static void ModelConverterTest(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("ModelConverterTest"); ArithExpr xr = (ArithExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("x"), ctx.MkRealSort()); ArithExpr yr = (ArithExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("y"), ctx.MkRealSort()); Goal g4 = ctx.MkGoal(true); g4.Assert(ctx.MkGt(xr, ctx.MkReal(10, 1))); g4.Assert(ctx.MkEq(yr, ctx.MkAdd(xr, ctx.MkReal(1, 1)))); g4.Assert(ctx.MkGt(yr, ctx.MkReal(1, 1))); ApplyResult ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("simplify"), g4); if (ar.NumSubgoals == 1 && (ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat || ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat)) throw new TestFailedException(); ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.AndThen(ctx.MkTactic("simplify"), ctx.MkTactic("solve-eqs")), g4); if (ar.NumSubgoals == 1 && (ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat || ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat)) throw new TestFailedException(); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); foreach (BoolExpr e in ar.Subgoals[0].Formulas) s.Assert(e); Status q = s.Check(); Console.WriteLine("Solver says: " + q); Console.WriteLine("Model: \n" + s.Model); Console.WriteLine("Converted Model: \n" + ar.ConvertModel(0, s.Model)); if (q != Status.SATISFIABLE) throw new TestFailedException(); }
internal ListSort(Context ctx, Symbol name, Sort elemSort) : base(ctx) { Contract.Requires(ctx != null); Contract.Requires(name != null); Contract.Requires(elemSort != null); IntPtr inil = IntPtr.Zero, iisnil = IntPtr.Zero, icons = IntPtr.Zero, iiscons = IntPtr.Zero, ihead = IntPtr.Zero, itail = IntPtr.Zero; NativeObject = Native.Z3_mk_list_sort(ctx.nCtx, name.NativeObject, elemSort.NativeObject, ref inil, ref iisnil, ref icons, ref iiscons, ref ihead, ref itail); nilDecl = new FuncDecl(ctx, inil); isNilDecl = new FuncDecl(ctx, iisnil); consDecl = new FuncDecl(ctx, icons); isConsDecl = new FuncDecl(ctx, iiscons); headDecl = new FuncDecl(ctx, ihead); tailDecl = new FuncDecl(ctx, itail); nilConst = ctx.MkConst(nilDecl); }
/// <summary> /// Some basic tests. /// </summary> static void BasicTests(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("BasicTests"); Symbol qi = ctx.MkSymbol(1); Symbol fname = ctx.MkSymbol("f"); Symbol x = ctx.MkSymbol("x"); Symbol y = ctx.MkSymbol("y"); Sort bs = ctx.MkBoolSort(); Sort[] domain = { bs, bs }; FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl(fname, domain, bs); Expr fapp = ctx.MkApp(f, ctx.MkConst(x, bs), ctx.MkConst(y, bs)); Expr[] fargs2 = { ctx.MkFreshConst("cp", bs) }; Sort[] domain2 = { bs }; Expr fapp2 = ctx.MkApp(ctx.MkFreshFuncDecl("fp", domain2, bs), fargs2); BoolExpr trivial_eq = ctx.MkEq(fapp, fapp); BoolExpr nontrivial_eq = ctx.MkEq(fapp, fapp2); Goal g = ctx.MkGoal(true); g.Assert(trivial_eq); g.Assert(nontrivial_eq); Console.WriteLine("Goal: " + g); Solver solver = ctx.MkSolver(); foreach (BoolExpr a in g.Formulas) solver.Assert(a); if (solver.Check() != Status.SATISFIABLE) throw new TestFailedException(); ApplyResult ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("simplify"), g); if (ar.NumSubgoals == 1 && (ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat || ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat)) throw new TestFailedException(); ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g); if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat) throw new TestFailedException(); g.Assert(ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkNumeral(1, ctx.MkBitVecSort(32)), ctx.MkNumeral(2, ctx.MkBitVecSort(32)))); ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g); if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat) throw new TestFailedException(); Goal g2 = ctx.MkGoal(true, true); ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g2); if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat) throw new TestFailedException(); g2 = ctx.MkGoal(true, true); g2.Assert(ctx.MkFalse()); ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g2); if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat) throw new TestFailedException(); Goal g3 = ctx.MkGoal(true, true); Expr xc = ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("x"), ctx.IntSort); Expr yc = ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("y"), ctx.IntSort); g3.Assert(ctx.MkEq(xc, ctx.MkNumeral(1, ctx.IntSort))); g3.Assert(ctx.MkEq(yc, ctx.MkNumeral(2, ctx.IntSort))); BoolExpr constr = ctx.MkEq(xc, yc); g3.Assert(constr); ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g3); if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat) throw new TestFailedException(); ModelConverterTest(ctx); // Real num/den test. RatNum rn = ctx.MkReal(42, 43); Expr inum = rn.Numerator; Expr iden = rn.Denominator; Console.WriteLine("Numerator: " + inum + " Denominator: " + iden); if (inum.ToString() != "42" || iden.ToString() != "43") throw new TestFailedException(); if (rn.ToDecimalString(3) != "0.976?") throw new TestFailedException(); BigIntCheck(ctx, ctx.MkReal("-1231231232/234234333")); BigIntCheck(ctx, ctx.MkReal("-123123234234234234231232/234234333")); BigIntCheck(ctx, ctx.MkReal("-234234333")); BigIntCheck(ctx, ctx.MkReal("234234333/2")); string bn = "1234567890987654321"; if (ctx.MkInt(bn).BigInteger.ToString() != bn) throw new TestFailedException(); if (ctx.MkBV(bn, 128).BigInteger.ToString() != bn) throw new TestFailedException(); if (ctx.MkBV(bn, 32).BigInteger.ToString() == bn) throw new TestFailedException(); // Error handling test. try { IntExpr i = ctx.MkInt("1/2"); throw new TestFailedException(); // unreachable } catch (Z3Exception) { } }
static void QuantifierExample2(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("QuantifierExample2"); Expr q1, q2; FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", ctx.IntSort, ctx.IntSort); FuncDecl g = ctx.MkFuncDecl("g", ctx.IntSort, ctx.IntSort); // Quantifier with Exprs as the bound variables. { Expr x = ctx.MkConst("x", ctx.IntSort); Expr y = ctx.MkConst("y", ctx.IntSort); Expr f_x = ctx.MkApp(f, x); Expr f_y = ctx.MkApp(f, y); Expr g_y = ctx.MkApp(g, y); Pattern[] pats = new Pattern[] { ctx.MkPattern(new Expr[] { f_x, g_y }) }; Expr[] no_pats = new Expr[] { f_y }; Expr[] bound = new Expr[2] { x, y }; Expr body = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkEq(f_x, f_y), ctx.MkEq(f_y, g_y)); q1 = ctx.MkForall(bound, body, 1, null, no_pats, ctx.MkSymbol("q"), ctx.MkSymbol("sk")); Console.WriteLine("{0}", q1); } // Quantifier with de-Brujin indices. { Expr x = ctx.MkBound(1, ctx.IntSort); Expr y = ctx.MkBound(0, ctx.IntSort); Expr f_x = ctx.MkApp(f, x); Expr f_y = ctx.MkApp(f, y); Expr g_y = ctx.MkApp(g, y); Pattern[] pats = new Pattern[] { ctx.MkPattern(new Expr[] { f_x, g_y }) }; Expr[] no_pats = new Expr[] { f_y }; Symbol[] names = new Symbol[] { ctx.MkSymbol("x"), ctx.MkSymbol("y") }; Sort[] sorts = new Sort[] { ctx.IntSort, ctx.IntSort }; Expr body = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkEq(f_x, f_y), ctx.MkEq(f_y, g_y)); q2 = ctx.MkForall(sorts, names, body, 1, null, // pats, no_pats, ctx.MkSymbol("q"), ctx.MkSymbol("sk") ); Console.WriteLine("{0}", q2); } Console.WriteLine("{0}", (q1.Equals(q2))); }
/// <summary> /// A basic example of how to use quantifiers. /// </summary> static void QuantifierExample1(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("QuantifierExample"); Sort[] types = new Sort[3]; IntExpr[] xs = new IntExpr[3]; Symbol[] names = new Symbol[3]; IntExpr[] vars = new IntExpr[3]; for (uint j = 0; j < 3; j++) { types[j] = ctx.IntSort; names[j] = ctx.MkSymbol(String.Format("x_{0}", j)); xs[j] = (IntExpr)ctx.MkConst(names[j], types[j]); vars[j] = (IntExpr)ctx.MkBound(2 - j, types[j]); // <-- vars reversed! } Expr body_vars = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkAdd(vars[0], ctx.MkInt(1)), ctx.MkInt(2)), ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkAdd(vars[1], ctx.MkInt(2)), ctx.MkAdd(vars[2], ctx.MkInt(3)))); Expr body_const = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkAdd(xs[0], ctx.MkInt(1)), ctx.MkInt(2)), ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkAdd(xs[1], ctx.MkInt(2)), ctx.MkAdd(xs[2], ctx.MkInt(3)))); Expr x = ctx.MkForall(types, names, body_vars, 1, null, null, ctx.MkSymbol("Q1"), ctx.MkSymbol("skid1")); Console.WriteLine("Quantifier X: " + x.ToString()); Expr y = ctx.MkForall(xs, body_const, 1, null, null, ctx.MkSymbol("Q2"), ctx.MkSymbol("skid2")); Console.WriteLine("Quantifier Y: " + y.ToString()); }
/// <summary> /// Sudoku solving example. /// </summary> static void SudokuExample(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("SudokuExample"); // 9x9 matrix of integer variables IntExpr[][] X = new IntExpr[9][]; for (uint i = 0; i < 9; i++) { X[i] = new IntExpr[9]; for (uint j = 0; j < 9; j++) X[i][j] = (IntExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("x_" + (i + 1) + "_" + (j + 1)), ctx.IntSort); } // each cell contains a value in {1, ..., 9} Expr[][] cells_c = new Expr[9][]; for (uint i = 0; i < 9; i++) { cells_c[i] = new BoolExpr[9]; for (uint j = 0; j < 9; j++) cells_c[i][j] = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkLe(ctx.MkInt(1), X[i][j]), ctx.MkLe(X[i][j], ctx.MkInt(9))); } // each row contains a digit at most once BoolExpr[] rows_c = new BoolExpr[9]; for (uint i = 0; i < 9; i++) rows_c[i] = ctx.MkDistinct(X[i]); // each column contains a digit at most once BoolExpr[] cols_c = new BoolExpr[9]; for (uint j = 0; j < 9; j++) { IntExpr[] column = new IntExpr[9]; for (uint i = 0; i < 9; i++) column[i] = X[i][j]; cols_c[j] = ctx.MkDistinct(column); } // each 3x3 square contains a digit at most once BoolExpr[][] sq_c = new BoolExpr[3][]; for (uint i0 = 0; i0 < 3; i0++) { sq_c[i0] = new BoolExpr[3]; for (uint j0 = 0; j0 < 3; j0++) { IntExpr[] square = new IntExpr[9]; for (uint i = 0; i < 3; i++) for (uint j = 0; j < 3; j++) square[3 * i + j] = X[3 * i0 + i][3 * j0 + j]; sq_c[i0][j0] = ctx.MkDistinct(square); } } BoolExpr sudoku_c = ctx.MkTrue(); foreach (BoolExpr[] t in cells_c) sudoku_c = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkAnd(t), sudoku_c); sudoku_c = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkAnd(rows_c), sudoku_c); sudoku_c = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkAnd(cols_c), sudoku_c); foreach (BoolExpr[] t in sq_c) sudoku_c = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkAnd(t), sudoku_c); // sudoku instance, we use '0' for empty cells int[,] instance = {{0,0,0,0,9,4,0,3,0}, {0,0,0,5,1,0,0,0,7}, {0,8,9,0,0,0,0,4,0}, {0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,8}, {0,6,0,2,0,1,0,5,0}, {1,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0}, {0,7,0,0,0,0,5,2,0}, {9,0,0,0,6,5,0,0,0}, {0,4,0,9,7,0,0,0,0}}; BoolExpr instance_c = ctx.MkTrue(); for (uint i = 0; i < 9; i++) for (uint j = 0; j < 9; j++) instance_c = ctx.MkAnd(instance_c, (BoolExpr) ctx.MkITE(ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkInt(instance[i, j]), ctx.MkInt(0)), ctx.MkTrue(), ctx.MkEq(X[i][j], ctx.MkInt(instance[i, j])))); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(sudoku_c); s.Assert(instance_c); if (s.Check() == Status.SATISFIABLE) { Model m = s.Model; Expr[,] R = new Expr[9, 9]; for (uint i = 0; i < 9; i++) for (uint j = 0; j < 9; j++) R[i, j] = m.Evaluate(X[i][j]); Console.WriteLine("Sudoku solution:"); for (uint i = 0; i < 9; i++) { for (uint j = 0; j < 9; j++) Console.Write(" " + R[i, j]); Console.WriteLine(); } } else { Console.WriteLine("Failed to solve sudoku"); throw new TestFailedException(); } }
/// <summary> /// Show that <code>distinct(a_0, ... , a_n)</code> is /// unsatisfiable when <code>a_i</code>'s are arrays from boolean to /// boolean and n > 4. /// </summary> /// <remarks>This example also shows how to use the <code>distinct</code> construct.</remarks> public static void ArrayExample3(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("ArrayExample3"); for (int n = 2; n <= 5; n++) { Console.WriteLine("n = {0}", n); Sort bool_type = ctx.MkBoolSort(); Sort array_type = ctx.MkArraySort(bool_type, bool_type); Expr[] a = new Expr[n]; /* create arrays */ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { a[i] = ctx.MkConst(String.Format("array_{0}", i), array_type); } /* assert distinct(a[0], ..., a[n]) */ BoolExpr d = ctx.MkDistinct(a); Console.WriteLine("{0}", (d)); /* context is satisfiable if n < 5 */ Model model = Check(ctx, d, n < 5 ? Status.SATISFIABLE : Status.UNSATISFIABLE); if (n < 5) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { Console.WriteLine("{0} = {1}", a[i], model.Evaluate(a[i])); } } } }
/// <summary> /// A simple array example. /// </summary> /// <param name="ctx"></param> static void ArrayExample1(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("ArrayExample1"); Goal g = ctx.MkGoal(true); ArraySort asort = ctx.MkArraySort(ctx.IntSort, ctx.MkBitVecSort(32)); ArrayExpr aex = (ArrayExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("MyArray"), asort); Expr sel = ctx.MkSelect(aex, ctx.MkInt(0)); g.Assert(ctx.MkEq(sel, ctx.MkBV(42, 32))); Symbol xs = ctx.MkSymbol("x"); IntExpr xc = (IntExpr)ctx.MkConst(xs, ctx.IntSort); Symbol fname = ctx.MkSymbol("f"); Sort[] domain = { ctx.IntSort }; FuncDecl fd = ctx.MkFuncDecl(fname, domain, ctx.IntSort); Expr[] fargs = { ctx.MkConst(xs, ctx.IntSort) }; IntExpr fapp = (IntExpr)ctx.MkApp(fd, fargs); g.Assert(ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkAdd(xc, fapp), ctx.MkInt(123))); Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); foreach (BoolExpr a in g.Formulas) s.Assert(a); Console.WriteLine("Solver: " + s); Status q = s.Check(); Console.WriteLine("Status: " + q); if (q != Status.SATISFIABLE) throw new TestFailedException(); Console.WriteLine("Model = " + s.Model); Console.WriteLine("Interpretation of MyArray:\n" + s.Model.FuncInterp(aex.FuncDecl)); Console.WriteLine("Interpretation of x:\n" + s.Model.ConstInterp(xc)); Console.WriteLine("Interpretation of f:\n" + s.Model.FuncInterp(fd)); Console.WriteLine("Interpretation of MyArray as Term:\n" + s.Model.FuncInterp(aex.FuncDecl)); }
/// <summary> /// Create a list datatype. /// </summary> public static void ListExample(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("ListExample"); Sort int_ty; ListSort int_list; Expr nil, l1, l2, x, y, u, v; BoolExpr fml, fml1; int_ty = ctx.MkIntSort(); int_list = ctx.MkListSort(ctx.MkSymbol("int_list"), int_ty); nil = ctx.MkConst(int_list.NilDecl); l1 = ctx.MkApp(int_list.ConsDecl, ctx.MkInt(1), nil); l2 = ctx.MkApp(int_list.ConsDecl, ctx.MkInt(2), nil); /* nil != cons(1, nil) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(nil, l1))); /* cons(2,nil) != cons(1, nil) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(l1, l2))); /* cons(x,nil) = cons(y, nil) => x = y */ x = ctx.MkConst("x", int_ty); y = ctx.MkConst("y", int_ty); l1 = ctx.MkApp(int_list.ConsDecl, x, nil); l2 = ctx.MkApp(int_list.ConsDecl, y, nil); Prove(ctx, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkEq(l1, l2), ctx.MkEq(x, y))); /* cons(x,u) = cons(x, v) => u = v */ u = ctx.MkConst("u", int_list); v = ctx.MkConst("v", int_list); l1 = ctx.MkApp(int_list.ConsDecl, x, u); l2 = ctx.MkApp(int_list.ConsDecl, y, v); Prove(ctx, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkEq(l1, l2), ctx.MkEq(u, v))); Prove(ctx, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkEq(l1, l2), ctx.MkEq(x, y))); /* is_nil(u) or is_cons(u) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkOr((BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(int_list.IsNilDecl, u), (BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(int_list.IsConsDecl, u))); /* occurs check u != cons(x,u) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(u, l1))); /* destructors: is_cons(u) => u = cons(head(u),tail(u)) */ fml1 = ctx.MkEq(u, ctx.MkApp(int_list.ConsDecl, ctx.MkApp(int_list.HeadDecl, u), ctx.MkApp(int_list.TailDecl, u))); fml = ctx.MkImplies((BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(int_list.IsConsDecl, u), fml1); Console.WriteLine("Formula {0}", fml); Prove(ctx, fml); Disprove(ctx, fml1); }
public static void FloatingPointExample2(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("FloatingPointExample2"); FPSort double_sort = ctx.MkFPSort(11, 53); FPRMSort rm_sort = ctx.MkFPRoundingModeSort(); FPRMExpr rm = (FPRMExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("rm"), rm_sort); BitVecExpr x = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("x"), ctx.MkBitVecSort(64)); FPExpr y = (FPExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("y"), double_sort); FPExpr fp_val = ctx.MkFP(42, double_sort); BoolExpr c1 = ctx.MkEq(y, fp_val); BoolExpr c2 = ctx.MkEq(x, ctx.MkFPToBV(rm, y, 64, false)); BoolExpr c3 = ctx.MkEq(x, ctx.MkBV(42, 64)); BoolExpr c4 = ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkNumeral(42, ctx.RealSort), ctx.MkFPToReal(fp_val)); BoolExpr c5 = ctx.MkAnd(c1, c2, c3, c4); Console.WriteLine("c5 = " + c5); /* Generic solver */ Solver s = ctx.MkSolver(); s.Assert(c5); Console.WriteLine(s); if (s.Check() != Status.SATISFIABLE) throw new TestFailedException(); Console.WriteLine("OK, model: {0}", s.Model.ToString()); }
public static void FloatingPointExample1(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("FloatingPointExample1"); FPSort s = ctx.MkFPSort(11, 53); Console.WriteLine("Sort: {0}", s); FPNum x = (FPNum)ctx.MkNumeral("-1e1", s); /* -1 * 10^1 = -10 */ FPNum y = (FPNum)ctx.MkNumeral("-10", s); /* -10 */ FPNum z = (FPNum)ctx.MkNumeral("-1.25p3", s); /* -1.25 * 2^3 = -1.25 * 8 = -10 */ Console.WriteLine("x={0}; y={1}; z={2}", x.ToString(), y.ToString(), z.ToString()); BoolExpr a = ctx.MkAnd(ctx.MkFPEq(x, y), ctx.MkFPEq(y, z)); Check(ctx, ctx.MkNot(a), Status.UNSATISFIABLE); /* nothing is equal to NaN according to floating-point * equality, so NaN == k should be unsatisfiable. */ FPExpr k = (FPExpr)ctx.MkConst("x", s); FPExpr nan = ctx.MkFPNaN(s); /* solver that runs the default tactic for QF_FP. */ Solver slvr = ctx.MkSolver("QF_FP"); slvr.Add(ctx.MkFPEq(nan, k)); if (slvr.Check() != Status.UNSATISFIABLE) throw new TestFailedException(); Console.WriteLine("OK, unsat:" + Environment.NewLine + slvr); /* NaN is equal to NaN according to normal equality. */ slvr = ctx.MkSolver("QF_FP"); slvr.Add(ctx.MkEq(nan, nan)); if (slvr.Check() != Status.SATISFIABLE) throw new TestFailedException(); Console.WriteLine("OK, sat:" + Environment.NewLine + slvr); /* Let's prove -1e1 * -1.25e3 == +100 */ x = (FPNum)ctx.MkNumeral("-1e1", s); y = (FPNum)ctx.MkNumeral("-1.25p3", s); FPExpr x_plus_y = (FPExpr)ctx.MkConst("x_plus_y", s); FPNum r = (FPNum)ctx.MkNumeral("100", s); slvr = ctx.MkSolver("QF_FP"); slvr.Add(ctx.MkEq(x_plus_y, ctx.MkFPMul(ctx.MkFPRoundNearestTiesToAway(), x, y))); slvr.Add(ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkFPEq(x_plus_y, r))); if (slvr.Check() != Status.UNSATISFIABLE) throw new TestFailedException(); Console.WriteLine("OK, unsat:" + Environment.NewLine + slvr); }
/// <summary> /// Demonstrate how to use #Eval on tuples. /// </summary> public static void EvalExample2(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("EvalExample2"); Sort int_type = ctx.IntSort; TupleSort tuple = ctx.MkTupleSort( ctx.MkSymbol("mk_tuple"), // name of tuple constructor new Symbol[] { ctx.MkSymbol("first"), ctx.MkSymbol("second") }, // names of projection operators new Sort[] { int_type, int_type } // types of projection operators ); FuncDecl first = tuple.FieldDecls[0]; // declarations are for projections FuncDecl second = tuple.FieldDecls[1]; Expr tup1 = ctx.MkConst("t1", tuple); Expr tup2 = ctx.MkConst("t2", tuple); Solver solver = ctx.MkSolver(); /* assert tup1 != tup2 */ solver.Assert(ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(tup1, tup2))); /* assert first tup1 = first tup2 */ solver.Assert(ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkApp(first, tup1), ctx.MkApp(first, tup2))); /* find model for the constraints above */ Model model = null; if (Status.SATISFIABLE == solver.Check()) { model = solver.Model; Console.WriteLine("{0}", model); Console.WriteLine("evaluating tup1 {0}", (model.Evaluate(tup1))); Console.WriteLine("evaluating tup2 {0}", (model.Evaluate(tup2))); Console.WriteLine("evaluating second(tup2) {0}", (model.Evaluate(ctx.MkApp(second, tup2)))); } else { Console.WriteLine("BUG, the constraints are satisfiable."); } }
/// <summary> /// Create a binary tree datatype. /// </summary> public static void TreeExample(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("TreeExample"); Sort cell; FuncDecl nil_decl, is_nil_decl, cons_decl, is_cons_decl, car_decl, cdr_decl; Expr nil, l1, l2, x, y, u, v; BoolExpr fml, fml1; string[] head_tail = new string[] { "car", "cdr" }; Sort[] sorts = new Sort[] { null, null }; uint[] sort_refs = new uint[] { 0, 0 }; Constructor nil_con, cons_con; nil_con = ctx.MkConstructor("nil", "is_nil", null, null, null); cons_con = ctx.MkConstructor("cons", "is_cons", head_tail, sorts, sort_refs); Constructor[] constructors = new Constructor[] { nil_con, cons_con }; cell = ctx.MkDatatypeSort("cell", constructors); nil_decl = nil_con.ConstructorDecl; is_nil_decl = nil_con.TesterDecl; cons_decl = cons_con.ConstructorDecl; is_cons_decl = cons_con.TesterDecl; FuncDecl[] cons_accessors = cons_con.AccessorDecls; car_decl = cons_accessors[0]; cdr_decl = cons_accessors[1]; nil = ctx.MkConst(nil_decl); l1 = ctx.MkApp(cons_decl, nil, nil); l2 = ctx.MkApp(cons_decl, l1, nil); /* nil != cons(nil, nil) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(nil, l1))); /* cons(x,u) = cons(x, v) => u = v */ u = ctx.MkConst("u", cell); v = ctx.MkConst("v", cell); x = ctx.MkConst("x", cell); y = ctx.MkConst("y", cell); l1 = ctx.MkApp(cons_decl, x, u); l2 = ctx.MkApp(cons_decl, y, v); Prove(ctx, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkEq(l1, l2), ctx.MkEq(u, v))); Prove(ctx, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkEq(l1, l2), ctx.MkEq(x, y))); /* is_nil(u) or is_cons(u) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkOr((BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(is_nil_decl, u), (BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(is_cons_decl, u))); /* occurs check u != cons(x,u) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(u, l1))); /* destructors: is_cons(u) => u = cons(car(u),cdr(u)) */ fml1 = ctx.MkEq(u, ctx.MkApp(cons_decl, ctx.MkApp(car_decl, u), ctx.MkApp(cdr_decl, u))); fml = ctx.MkImplies((BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(is_cons_decl, u), fml1); Console.WriteLine("Formula {0}", fml); Prove(ctx, fml); Disprove(ctx, fml1); }
/// <summary> /// Create a forest of trees. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// forest ::= nil | cons(tree, forest) /// tree ::= nil | cons(forest, forest) /// </remarks> public static void ForestExample(Context ctx) { Console.WriteLine("ForestExample"); Sort tree, forest; FuncDecl nil1_decl, is_nil1_decl, cons1_decl, is_cons1_decl, car1_decl, cdr1_decl; FuncDecl nil2_decl, is_nil2_decl, cons2_decl, is_cons2_decl, car2_decl, cdr2_decl; Expr nil1, nil2, t1, t2, t3, t4, f1, f2, f3, l1, l2, x, y, u, v; // // Declare the names of the accessors for cons. // Then declare the sorts of the accessors. // For this example, all sorts refer to the new types 'forest' and 'tree' // being declared, so we pass in null for both sorts1 and sorts2. // On the other hand, the sort_refs arrays contain the indices of the // two new sorts being declared. The first element in sort1_refs // points to 'tree', which has index 1, the second element in sort1_refs array // points to 'forest', which has index 0. // Symbol[] head_tail1 = new Symbol[] { ctx.MkSymbol("head"), ctx.MkSymbol("tail") }; Sort[] sorts1 = new Sort[] { null, null }; uint[] sort1_refs = new uint[] { 1, 0 }; // the first item points to a tree, the second to a forest Symbol[] head_tail2 = new Symbol[] { ctx.MkSymbol("car"), ctx.MkSymbol("cdr") }; Sort[] sorts2 = new Sort[] { null, null }; uint[] sort2_refs = new uint[] { 0, 0 }; // both items point to the forest datatype. Constructor nil1_con, cons1_con, nil2_con, cons2_con; Constructor[] constructors1 = new Constructor[2], constructors2 = new Constructor[2]; Symbol[] sort_names = { ctx.MkSymbol("forest"), ctx.MkSymbol("tree") }; /* build a forest */ nil1_con = ctx.MkConstructor(ctx.MkSymbol("nil"), ctx.MkSymbol("is_nil"), null, null, null); cons1_con = ctx.MkConstructor(ctx.MkSymbol("cons1"), ctx.MkSymbol("is_cons1"), head_tail1, sorts1, sort1_refs); constructors1[0] = nil1_con; constructors1[1] = cons1_con; /* build a tree */ nil2_con = ctx.MkConstructor(ctx.MkSymbol("nil2"), ctx.MkSymbol("is_nil2"), null, null, null); cons2_con = ctx.MkConstructor(ctx.MkSymbol("cons2"), ctx.MkSymbol("is_cons2"), head_tail2, sorts2, sort2_refs); constructors2[0] = nil2_con; constructors2[1] = cons2_con; Constructor[][] clists = new Constructor[][] { constructors1, constructors2 }; Sort[] sorts = ctx.MkDatatypeSorts(sort_names, clists); forest = sorts[0]; tree = sorts[1]; // // Now that the datatype has been created. // Query the constructors for the constructor // functions, testers, and field accessors. // nil1_decl = nil1_con.ConstructorDecl; is_nil1_decl = nil1_con.TesterDecl; cons1_decl = cons1_con.ConstructorDecl; is_cons1_decl = cons1_con.TesterDecl; FuncDecl[] cons1_accessors = cons1_con.AccessorDecls; car1_decl = cons1_accessors[0]; cdr1_decl = cons1_accessors[1]; nil2_decl = nil2_con.ConstructorDecl; is_nil2_decl = nil2_con.TesterDecl; cons2_decl = cons2_con.ConstructorDecl; is_cons2_decl = cons2_con.TesterDecl; FuncDecl[] cons2_accessors = cons2_con.AccessorDecls; car2_decl = cons2_accessors[0]; cdr2_decl = cons2_accessors[1]; nil1 = ctx.MkConst(nil1_decl); nil2 = ctx.MkConst(nil2_decl); f1 = ctx.MkApp(cons1_decl, nil2, nil1); t1 = ctx.MkApp(cons2_decl, nil1, nil1); t2 = ctx.MkApp(cons2_decl, f1, nil1); t3 = ctx.MkApp(cons2_decl, f1, f1); t4 = ctx.MkApp(cons2_decl, nil1, f1); f2 = ctx.MkApp(cons1_decl, t1, nil1); f3 = ctx.MkApp(cons1_decl, t1, f1); /* nil != cons(nil,nil) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(nil1, f1))); Prove(ctx, ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(nil2, t1))); /* cons(x,u) = cons(x, v) => u = v */ u = ctx.MkConst("u", forest); v = ctx.MkConst("v", forest); x = ctx.MkConst("x", tree); y = ctx.MkConst("y", tree); l1 = ctx.MkApp(cons1_decl, x, u); l2 = ctx.MkApp(cons1_decl, y, v); Prove(ctx, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkEq(l1, l2), ctx.MkEq(u, v))); Prove(ctx, ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkEq(l1, l2), ctx.MkEq(x, y))); /* is_nil(u) or is_cons(u) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkOr((BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(is_nil1_decl, u), (BoolExpr)ctx.MkApp(is_cons1_decl, u))); /* occurs check u != cons(x,u) */ Prove(ctx, ctx.MkNot(ctx.MkEq(u, l1))); }