/// <summary>
/// A class containing static methods for computing curvature on a mesh.
/// </summary>
public static PrincipalCurvature DiagonalizeCurvature(UV src, KUV srcK, Vector3D dstNormal)
{
UV rotated = Transform.RotateCoordinateSystem(src, dstNormal);
double c = 1.0;
double s = 0.0;
double t = 0.0;
// Jacobi rotation to diagonalize
if (srcK.UV != 0.0f)
{
double h = 0.5f * (srcK.V - srcK.U) / srcK.UV;
if (h < 0.0f)
{
t = 1.0f / (h - Math.Sqrt(1.0f + h * h));
}
else
{
t = 1.0f / (h + Math.Sqrt(1.0f + h * h));
}
c = 1.0f / Math.Sqrt(1.0f + t * t);
s = t * c;
}
PrincipalCurvature pc = new PrincipalCurvature();
pc.max = srcK.U - t * srcK.UV;
pc.min = srcK.V + t * srcK.UV;
if (Math.Abs(pc.max) >= Math.Abs(pc.min))
{
pc.maxDir = c * rotated.U - s * rotated.V;
}
else
{
double temp = pc.min;
pc.min = pc.max;
pc.max = temp;
pc.maxDir = s * rotated.U + c * rotated.V;
}
pc.minDir = dstNormal.Cross(pc.maxDir);
return(pc);
}
/// <summary>
/// Projects a curvature tensor from an old basis to a new one.
/// </summary>
public static KUV ProjectCurvature(UV src, KUV srcK, UV dst)
{
UV rotated = Transform.RotateCoordinateSystem(dst, src.U.Cross(src.V));
double u1 = rotated.U.Dot(src.U);
double v1 = rotated.U.Dot(src.V);
double u2 = rotated.V.Dot(src.U);
double v2 = rotated.V.Dot(src.V);
KUV dstK = new KUV()
{
U = srcK.U * u1 * u1 + srcK.UV * (2.0f * u1 * v1) + srcK.V * v1 * v1,
UV = srcK.U * u1 * u2 + srcK.UV * (u1 * v2 + u2 * v1) + srcK.V * v1 * v2,
V = srcK.U * u2 * u2 + srcK.UV * (2.0f * u2 * v2) + srcK.V * v2 * v2
};
return(dstK);
}
public static PrincipalCurvature[] ComputePrincipleCurvatures(TriMesh mesh, double[] CornerArea, double[] PointArea)
{
Vector3D[] vertexNormal = TriMeshUtil.ComputeNormalVertex(mesh);
// Add dynamic trait for principle curvature computation
double[] curv = new double[mesh.Vertices.Count];
PrincipalCurvature[] pc = new PrincipalCurvature[mesh.Vertices.Count];
// Initialize a coordinate system for each vertex
foreach (TriMesh.Vertex v in mesh.Vertices)
{
pc[v.Index] = new PrincipalCurvature();
// Vector that points from this vertex to an adjacent one
pc[v.Index].maxDir = (v.HalfEdge.ToVertex.Traits.Position - v.Traits.Position).Cross(vertexNormal[v.Index]).Normalize();
// Get a vector orthogonal to this vector and the vertex normal
pc[v.Index].minDir = vertexNormal[v.Index].Cross(pc[v.Index].maxDir);
}
TriMesh.HalfEdge[] fh = new TriMesh.HalfEdge[3];
TriMesh.Vertex[] fv = new TriMesh.Vertex[3];
Vector3D[] e = new Vector3D[3];
Vector3D t, b, dn, faceNormal;
// Compute curvature for each face
foreach (TriMesh.Face f in mesh.Faces)
{
// Get halfedges for this face
fh[0] = f.HalfEdge;
fh[1] = fh[0].Next;
fh[2] = fh[1].Next;
// Get vertices for this face
fv[0] = fh[0].ToVertex;
fv[1] = fh[1].ToVertex;
fv[2] = fh[2].ToVertex;
// Edge vectors
e[0] = fv[2].Traits.Position - fv[1].Traits.Position;
e[1] = fv[0].Traits.Position - fv[2].Traits.Position;
e[2] = fv[1].Traits.Position - fv[0].Traits.Position;
t = e[0];
t.Normalize();
faceNormal = e[0].Cross(e[1]);
faceNormal.Normalize();
b = faceNormal.Cross(t);
b.Normalize();
// Estimate curvature by variation of normals along edges
double[] m = new double[3];
double[,] w = new double[3, 3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
{
double u = e[i].Dot(t);
double v = e[i].Dot(b);
w[0, 0] += u * u;
w[0, 1] += u * v;
w[2, 2] += v * v;
dn = vertexNormal[fv[(i + 2) % 3].Index] - vertexNormal[fv[(i + 1) % 3].Index];
double dnu = dn.Dot(t);
double dnv = dn.Dot(b);
m[0] += dnu * u;
m[1] += dnu * v + dnv * u;
m[2] += dnv * v;
}
w[1, 1] = w[0, 0] + w[2, 2];
w[1, 2] = w[0, 1];
// Least squares solution
double[] diag = new double[3];
if (Transform.LdlTransposeDecomp(w, diag))
{
Transform.LdlTransposeSolveInPlace(w, diag, m);
// Adjust curvature for vertices of this face
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
{
UV tb = new UV { U = t, V = b };
KUV mk = new KUV { U = m[0], UV = m[1], V = m[2] };
UV dst = new UV { U = pc[fv[i].Index].maxDir, V = pc[fv[i].Index].minDir };
KUV c = Transform.ProjectCurvature(tb, mk, dst);
double weight = CornerArea[fh[i].Index] / PointArea[fv[i].Index];
pc[fv[i].Index].max += weight * c.U;
curv[fv[i].Index] += weight * c.UV;
pc[fv[i].Index].min += weight * c.V;
}
}
}
// Compute curvature for each vertex
foreach (TriMesh.Vertex v in mesh.Vertices)
{
UV src = new UV { U = pc[v.Index].maxDir, V = pc[v.Index].minDir };
KUV srcK = new KUV { U = pc[v.Index].max, UV = curv[v.Index], V = pc[v.Index].min };
pc[v.Index] = Transform.DiagonalizeCurvature(src, srcK, vertexNormal[v.Index]);
}
return pc;
}
public static Vector4D[] ComputeDCruv(TriMesh mesh, double[] CornerArea, double[] PointArea)
{
PrincipalCurvature[] PrincipalCurv = ComputePrincipleCurvatures(mesh, CornerArea, PointArea);
Vector4D[] dcurv = new Vector4D[mesh.Vertices.Count];
TriMesh.HalfEdge[] fh = new TriMesh.HalfEdge[3];
TriMesh.Vertex[] fv = new TriMesh.Vertex[3];
Vector3D[] e = new Vector3D[3];
Vector3D t, b, faceNormal;
// Compute curvature for each face
foreach (TriMesh.Face f in mesh.Faces)
{
// Get halfedges for this face
fh[0] = f.HalfEdge;
fh[1] = fh[0].Next;
fh[2] = fh[1].Next;
// Get vertices for this face
fv[0] = fh[0].ToVertex;
fv[1] = fh[1].ToVertex;
fv[2] = fh[2].ToVertex;
// Edge vectors
e[0] = fv[2].Traits.Position - fv[1].Traits.Position;
e[1] = fv[0].Traits.Position - fv[2].Traits.Position;
e[2] = fv[1].Traits.Position - fv[0].Traits.Position;
t = e[0];
t.Normalize();
faceNormal = e[0].Cross(e[1]);
b = faceNormal.Cross(t);
b.Normalize();
KUV[] fcurv = new KUV[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
PrincipalCurvature pc = PrincipalCurv[fv[i].Index];
UV src = new UV { U = pc.maxDir, V = pc.minDir };
KUV mk = new KUV { U = pc.max, UV = 0, V = pc.min };
UV tb = new UV { U = t, V = b };
fcurv[i] = Transform.ProjectCurvature(src, mk, tb);
}
double[] m = new double[4];
double[,] w = new double[4, 4];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
KUV prev = fcurv[(i + 2) % 3];
KUV next = fcurv[(i + 1) % 3];
KUV dfcurv = new KUV { U = prev.U - next.U, UV = prev.UV - next.UV, V = prev.V - next.V };
double u = e[i].Dot(t);
double v = e[i].Dot(b);
w[0, 0] += u * u;
w[0, 1] += u * v;
w[3, 3] += v * v;
m[0] += u * dfcurv.U;
m[1] += v * dfcurv.U + 2d * u * dfcurv.UV;
m[2] += 2d * v * dfcurv.UV + u * dfcurv.V;
m[3] += v * dfcurv.V;
}
w[1, 1] = 2d * w[0, 0] + w[3, 3];
w[1, 2] = 2d * w[0, 1];
w[2, 2] = w[0, 0] + 2d * w[3, 3];
w[2, 3] = w[0, 1];
double[] diag = new double[4];
if (Transform.LdlTransposeDecomp(w, diag))
{
Transform.LdlTransposeSolveInPlace(w, diag, m);
Vector4D d = new Vector4D(m);
// Adjust curvature for vertices of this face
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
{
UV tb = new UV { U = t, V = b };
PrincipalCurvature pc = PrincipalCurv[fv[i].Index];
UV dst = new UV { U = pc.maxDir, V = pc.minDir };
Vector4D c = Transform.ProjectDCurvature(tb, d, dst);
double weight = CornerArea[fh[i].Index] / PointArea[fv[i].Index];
dcurv[fv[i].Index] += weight * d;
}
}
}
return dcurv;
}
/// <summary>
/// Projects a curvature tensor from an old basis to a new one.
/// </summary>
public static KUV ProjectCurvature(UV src, KUV srcK, UV dst)
{
UV rotated = Transform.RotateCoordinateSystem(dst, src.U.Cross(src.V));
double u1 = rotated.U.Dot(src.U);
double v1 = rotated.U.Dot(src.V);
double u2 = rotated.V.Dot(src.U);
double v2 = rotated.V.Dot(src.V);
KUV dstK = new KUV()
{
U = srcK.U * u1 * u1 + srcK.UV * (2.0f * u1 * v1) + srcK.V * v1 * v1,
UV = srcK.U * u1 * u2 + srcK.UV * (u1 * v2 + u2 * v1) + srcK.V * v1 * v2,
V = srcK.U * u2 * u2 + srcK.UV * (2.0f * u2 * v2) + srcK.V * v2 * v2
};
return dstK;
}
/// <summary>
/// A class containing static methods for computing curvature on a mesh.
/// </summary>
public static PrincipalCurvature DiagonalizeCurvature(UV src, KUV srcK, Vector3D dstNormal)
{
UV rotated = Transform.RotateCoordinateSystem(src, dstNormal);
double c = 1.0;
double s = 0.0;
double t = 0.0;
// Jacobi rotation to diagonalize
if (srcK.UV != 0.0f)
{
double h = 0.5f * (srcK.V - srcK.U) / srcK.UV;
if (h < 0.0f)
{
t = 1.0f / (h - Math.Sqrt(1.0f + h * h));
}
else
{
t = 1.0f / (h + Math.Sqrt(1.0f + h * h));
}
c = 1.0f / Math.Sqrt(1.0f + t * t);
s = t * c;
}
PrincipalCurvature pc = new PrincipalCurvature();
pc.max = srcK.U - t * srcK.UV;
pc.min = srcK.V + t * srcK.UV;
if (Math.Abs(pc.max) >= Math.Abs(pc.min))
{
pc.maxDir = c * rotated.U - s * rotated.V;
}
else
{
double temp = pc.min;
pc.min = pc.max;
pc.max = temp;
pc.maxDir = s * rotated.U + c * rotated.V;
}
pc.minDir = dstNormal.Cross(pc.maxDir);
return pc;
}
public static PrincipalCurvature[] ComputePrincipleCurvatures(TriMesh mesh, double[] CornerArea, double[] PointArea)
{
Vector3D[] vertexNormal = TriMeshUtil.ComputeNormalVertex(mesh);
// Add dynamic trait for principle curvature computation
double[] curv = new double[mesh.Vertices.Count];
PrincipalCurvature[] pc = new PrincipalCurvature[mesh.Vertices.Count];
// Initialize a coordinate system for each vertex
foreach (TriMesh.Vertex v in mesh.Vertices)
{
pc[v.Index] = new PrincipalCurvature();
// Vector that points from this vertex to an adjacent one
pc[v.Index].maxDir = (v.HalfEdge.ToVertex.Traits.Position - v.Traits.Position).Cross(vertexNormal[v.Index]).Normalize();
// Get a vector orthogonal to this vector and the vertex normal
pc[v.Index].minDir = vertexNormal[v.Index].Cross(pc[v.Index].maxDir);
}
TriMesh.HalfEdge[] fh = new TriMesh.HalfEdge[3];
TriMesh.Vertex[] fv = new TriMesh.Vertex[3];
Vector3D[] e = new Vector3D[3];
Vector3D t, b, dn, faceNormal;
// Compute curvature for each face
foreach (TriMesh.Face f in mesh.Faces)
{
// Get halfedges for this face
fh[0] = f.HalfEdge;
fh[1] = fh[0].Next;
fh[2] = fh[1].Next;
// Get vertices for this face
fv[0] = fh[0].ToVertex;
fv[1] = fh[1].ToVertex;
fv[2] = fh[2].ToVertex;
// Edge vectors
e[0] = fv[2].Traits.Position - fv[1].Traits.Position;
e[1] = fv[0].Traits.Position - fv[2].Traits.Position;
e[2] = fv[1].Traits.Position - fv[0].Traits.Position;
t = e[0];
t.Normalize();
faceNormal = e[0].Cross(e[1]);
faceNormal.Normalize();
b = faceNormal.Cross(t);
b.Normalize();
// Estimate curvature by variation of normals along edges
double[] m = new double[3];
double[,] w = new double[3, 3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
{
double u = e[i].Dot(t);
double v = e[i].Dot(b);
w[0, 0] += u * u;
w[0, 1] += u * v;
w[2, 2] += v * v;
dn = vertexNormal[fv[(i + 2) % 3].Index] - vertexNormal[fv[(i + 1) % 3].Index];
double dnu = dn.Dot(t);
double dnv = dn.Dot(b);
m[0] += dnu * u;
m[1] += dnu * v + dnv * u;
m[2] += dnv * v;
}
w[1, 1] = w[0, 0] + w[2, 2];
w[1, 2] = w[0, 1];
// Least squares solution
double[] diag = new double[3];
if (Transform.LdlTransposeDecomp(w, diag))
{
Transform.LdlTransposeSolveInPlace(w, diag, m);
// Adjust curvature for vertices of this face
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
{
UV tb = new UV {
U = t, V = b
};
KUV mk = new KUV {
U = m[0], UV = m[1], V = m[2]
};
UV dst = new UV {
U = pc[fv[i].Index].maxDir, V = pc[fv[i].Index].minDir
};
KUV c = Transform.ProjectCurvature(tb, mk, dst);
double weight = CornerArea[fh[i].Index] / PointArea[fv[i].Index];
pc[fv[i].Index].max += weight * c.U;
curv[fv[i].Index] += weight * c.UV;
pc[fv[i].Index].min += weight * c.V;
}
}
}
// Compute curvature for each vertex
foreach (TriMesh.Vertex v in mesh.Vertices)
{
UV src = new UV {
U = pc[v.Index].maxDir, V = pc[v.Index].minDir
};
KUV srcK = new KUV {
U = pc[v.Index].max, UV = curv[v.Index], V = pc[v.Index].min
};
pc[v.Index] = Transform.DiagonalizeCurvature(src, srcK, vertexNormal[v.Index]);
}
return(pc);
}
public static Vector4D[] ComputeDCruv(TriMesh mesh, double[] CornerArea, double[] PointArea)
{
PrincipalCurvature[] PrincipalCurv = ComputePrincipleCurvatures(mesh, CornerArea, PointArea);
Vector4D[] dcurv = new Vector4D[mesh.Vertices.Count];
TriMesh.HalfEdge[] fh = new TriMesh.HalfEdge[3];
TriMesh.Vertex[] fv = new TriMesh.Vertex[3];
Vector3D[] e = new Vector3D[3];
Vector3D t, b, faceNormal;
// Compute curvature for each face
foreach (TriMesh.Face f in mesh.Faces)
{
// Get halfedges for this face
fh[0] = f.HalfEdge;
fh[1] = fh[0].Next;
fh[2] = fh[1].Next;
// Get vertices for this face
fv[0] = fh[0].ToVertex;
fv[1] = fh[1].ToVertex;
fv[2] = fh[2].ToVertex;
// Edge vectors
e[0] = fv[2].Traits.Position - fv[1].Traits.Position;
e[1] = fv[0].Traits.Position - fv[2].Traits.Position;
e[2] = fv[1].Traits.Position - fv[0].Traits.Position;
t = e[0];
t.Normalize();
faceNormal = e[0].Cross(e[1]);
b = faceNormal.Cross(t);
b.Normalize();
KUV[] fcurv = new KUV[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
PrincipalCurvature pc = PrincipalCurv[fv[i].Index];
UV src = new UV {
U = pc.maxDir, V = pc.minDir
};
KUV mk = new KUV {
U = pc.max, UV = 0, V = pc.min
};
UV tb = new UV {
U = t, V = b
};
fcurv[i] = Transform.ProjectCurvature(src, mk, tb);
}
double[] m = new double[4];
double[,] w = new double[4, 4];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
KUV prev = fcurv[(i + 2) % 3];
KUV next = fcurv[(i + 1) % 3];
KUV dfcurv = new KUV {
U = prev.U - next.U, UV = prev.UV - next.UV, V = prev.V - next.V
};
double u = e[i].Dot(t);
double v = e[i].Dot(b);
w[0, 0] += u * u;
w[0, 1] += u * v;
w[3, 3] += v * v;
m[0] += u * dfcurv.U;
m[1] += v * dfcurv.U + 2d * u * dfcurv.UV;
m[2] += 2d * v * dfcurv.UV + u * dfcurv.V;
m[3] += v * dfcurv.V;
}
w[1, 1] = 2d * w[0, 0] + w[3, 3];
w[1, 2] = 2d * w[0, 1];
w[2, 2] = w[0, 0] + 2d * w[3, 3];
w[2, 3] = w[0, 1];
double[] diag = new double[4];
if (Transform.LdlTransposeDecomp(w, diag))
{
Transform.LdlTransposeSolveInPlace(w, diag, m);
Vector4D d = new Vector4D(m);
// Adjust curvature for vertices of this face
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
{
UV tb = new UV {
U = t, V = b
};
PrincipalCurvature pc = PrincipalCurv[fv[i].Index];
UV dst = new UV {
U = pc.maxDir, V = pc.minDir
};
Vector4D c = Transform.ProjectDCurvature(tb, d, dst);
double weight = CornerArea[fh[i].Index] / PointArea[fv[i].Index];
dcurv[fv[i].Index] += weight * d;
}
}
}
return(dcurv);
}