public static List <DiskExtent> GetUnallocatedExtents(Disk disk)
{
MasterBootRecord mbr = MasterBootRecord.ReadFromDisk(disk);
List <DiskExtent> result = new List <DiskExtent>();
if (mbr == null)
{
result.Add(new DiskExtent(disk, 0, disk.Size));
return(result);
}
else
{
long dataRegionStartSector;
long dataRegionSize;
if (!mbr.IsGPTBasedDisk)
{
dataRegionStartSector = MBRDiskFirstUsableSector;
dataRegionSize = Math.Min(disk.Size, UInt32.MaxValue * disk.BytesPerSector) - dataRegionStartSector;
}
else
{
GuidPartitionTableHeader gptHeader = GuidPartitionTableHeader.ReadFromDisk(disk);
dataRegionStartSector = (long)gptHeader.FirstUsableLBA;
dataRegionSize = (long)(gptHeader.LastUsableLBA - gptHeader.FirstUsableLBA + 1) * disk.BytesPerSector;
}
List <Partition> partitions = GetPartitions(disk);
List <DiskExtent> usedExtents = new List <DiskExtent>();
foreach (Partition partition in partitions)
{
usedExtents.Add(partition.Extent);
}
return(DiskExtentsHelper.GetUnallocatedExtents(disk, dataRegionStartSector, dataRegionSize, usedExtents));
}
}
private static List <GuidPartitionEntry> ReadEntriesFromDisk(Disk disk, GuidPartitionTableHeader header)
{
int bufferLength = (int)(header.NumberOfPartitionEntries * header.SizeOfPartitionEntry);
int sectorsToRead = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)bufferLength / disk.BytesPerSector);
byte[] buffer = disk.ReadSectors((long)header.PartitionEntriesLBA, sectorsToRead);
if (buffer.Length > bufferLength)
{
buffer = ByteReader.ReadBytes(buffer, 0, bufferLength);
}
uint expectedCRC32 = CRC32.Compute(buffer);
if (header.PartitionArrayCRC32 != expectedCRC32)
{
return(null);
}
int offset = 0;
List <GuidPartitionEntry> result = new List <GuidPartitionEntry>();
for (int index = 0; index < header.NumberOfPartitionEntries; index++)
{
GuidPartitionEntry entry = new GuidPartitionEntry(buffer, offset);
entry.EntryIndex = index;
// Unused entries use Guid.Empty as PartitionTypeGuid
if (entry.PartitionTypeGuid != Guid.Empty)
{
result.Add(entry);
}
offset += (int)header.SizeOfPartitionEntry;
}
return(result);
}
public static void ExtendGPTPartition(GPTPartition partition, long numberOfAdditionalExtentSectors)
{
Disk disk = partition.Disk;
GuidPartitionTableHeader primaryHeader = GuidPartitionTableHeader.ReadPrimaryFromDisk(disk);
GuidPartitionTableHeader secondaryHeader = GuidPartitionTableHeader.ReadSecondaryFromDisk(disk, primaryHeader);
if (primaryHeader == null || secondaryHeader == null)
{
throw new NotImplementedException("Cannot extend GPT disk with corrupted header");
}
if (primaryHeader.PartitionArrayCRC32 != secondaryHeader.PartitionArrayCRC32)
{
throw new NotImplementedException("Cannot extend GPT disk with mismatched partition arrays");
}
List <GuidPartitionEntry> entries = GuidPartitionTable.ReadEntriesFromDisk(disk);
foreach (GuidPartitionEntry entry in entries)
{
if ((long)entry.FirstLBA == partition.FirstSector)
{
entry.LastLBA += (ulong)numberOfAdditionalExtentSectors;
GuidPartitionEntry.WriteToDisk(disk, primaryHeader, entry);
GuidPartitionEntry.WriteToDisk(disk, secondaryHeader, entry);
break;
}
}
primaryHeader.PartitionArrayCRC32 = GuidPartitionTable.ComputePartitionArrayCRC32(disk, primaryHeader);
GuidPartitionTableHeader.WriteToDisk(disk, primaryHeader);
secondaryHeader.PartitionArrayCRC32 = GuidPartitionTable.ComputePartitionArrayCRC32(disk, secondaryHeader);
GuidPartitionTableHeader.WriteToDisk(disk, secondaryHeader);
}
public static uint ComputePartitionArrayCRC32(Disk disk, GuidPartitionTableHeader header)
{
int sectorsToRead = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)header.NumberOfPartitionEntries * header.SizeOfPartitionEntry / disk.BytesPerSector);
byte[] buffer = disk.ReadSectors((long)header.PartitionEntriesLBA, sectorsToRead);
return(CRC32.Compute(buffer));
}
public static void WriteToDisk(Disk disk, GuidPartitionTableHeader header, GuidPartitionEntry entry)
{
long sectorIndex = (long)header.PartitionEntriesLBA + entry.EntryIndex * header.SizeOfPartitionEntry / disk.BytesPerSector;
int entriesPerSector = (int)(disk.BytesPerSector / header.SizeOfPartitionEntry);
int indexInSector = (int)(entry.EntryIndex % entriesPerSector);
byte[] buffer = disk.ReadSector(sectorIndex);
entry.WriteBytes(buffer, indexInSector * (int)header.SizeOfPartitionEntry);
disk.WriteSectors(sectorIndex, buffer);
}
public static byte[] GetBytes(GuidPartitionTableHeader header, List <GuidPartitionEntry> entries)
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[header.NumberOfPartitionEntries * header.SizeOfPartitionEntry];
int count = (int)Math.Min(header.NumberOfPartitionEntries, entries.Count);
for (int index = 0; index < count; index++)
{
entries[index].WriteBytes(buffer, index * (int)header.SizeOfPartitionEntry);
}
return(buffer);
}
public static GuidPartitionTableHeader ReadFromDisk(Disk disk)
{
GuidPartitionTableHeader header = ReadPrimaryFromDisk(disk);
if (header == null)
{
// try reading secondary GPT header:
header = ReadSecondaryFromDisk(disk, header);
}
return(header);
}
/// <summary>
/// primaryHeader can be NULL
/// </summary>
public static GuidPartitionTableHeader ReadSecondaryFromDisk(Disk disk, GuidPartitionTableHeader primaryHeader)
{
if (primaryHeader == null)
{
return(ReadFromDisk(disk, disk.TotalSectors - 1));
}
else
{
// The secondary GPT header is supposed to be located in the last sector of the disk,
// however, this is not always the case, the disk could have been extended or the backup GPT scheme was written in an uncommon way
return(ReadFromDisk(disk, (long)primaryHeader.BackupLBA));
}
}
public static void InitializeDisk(Disk disk, long firstUsableLBA, List <GuidPartitionEntry> partitionEntries)
{
MasterBootRecord mbr = new MasterBootRecord();
mbr.DiskSignature = (uint)new Random().Next(Int32.MaxValue);
mbr.PartitionTable[0].PartitionTypeName = PartitionTypeName.EFIGPT;
mbr.PartitionTable[0].FirstSectorLBA = 1;
mbr.PartitionTable[0].SectorCountLBA = (uint)Math.Min(disk.TotalSectors - firstUsableLBA, UInt32.MaxValue);
mbr.MBRSignature = 0xAA55;
MasterBootRecord.WriteToDisk(disk, mbr);
const int DefaultNumberOfEntries = 128;
const int DefaultSizeOfEntry = 128;
int partitionEntriesLength = DefaultNumberOfEntries * DefaultSizeOfEntry;
long partitionEntriesPrimaryLBA = 2;
long partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA = disk.TotalSectors - 1 - partitionEntriesLength / disk.BytesPerSector;
GuidPartitionTableHeader primaryHeader = new GuidPartitionTableHeader();
primaryHeader.HeaderSize = 92;
primaryHeader.CurrentLBA = 1;
primaryHeader.BackupLBA = (ulong)(disk.TotalSectors - 1);
primaryHeader.DiskGuid = Guid.NewGuid();
primaryHeader.FirstUsableLBA = (ulong)firstUsableLBA;
primaryHeader.LastUsableLBA = (ulong)(partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA - 1);
primaryHeader.PartitionEntriesLBA = (ulong)partitionEntriesPrimaryLBA;
primaryHeader.NumberOfPartitionEntries = DefaultNumberOfEntries;
primaryHeader.SizeOfPartitionEntry = DefaultSizeOfEntry;
byte[] partitionTableEntries = new byte[partitionEntriesLength];
for (int index = 0; index < partitionEntries.Count; index++)
{
partitionEntries[index].WriteBytes(partitionTableEntries, index * DefaultSizeOfEntry);
}
primaryHeader.PartitionArrayCRC32 = CRC32.Compute(partitionTableEntries);
GuidPartitionTableHeader secondaryHeader = primaryHeader.Clone();
secondaryHeader.CurrentLBA = (ulong)(disk.TotalSectors - 1);
secondaryHeader.BackupLBA = 1;
secondaryHeader.PartitionEntriesLBA = (ulong)partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA;
GuidPartitionTableHeader.WriteToDisk(disk, primaryHeader);
disk.WriteSectors(partitionEntriesPrimaryLBA, partitionTableEntries);
GuidPartitionTableHeader.WriteToDisk(disk, secondaryHeader);
disk.WriteSectors(partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA, partitionTableEntries);
}
/// <returns>Number of bytes</returns>
public static long GetMaximumSizeToExtendGPTPartition(GPTPartition partition)
{
GuidPartitionTableHeader header = GuidPartitionTableHeader.ReadFromDisk(partition.Disk);
long partitonEndSector = partition.FirstSector + partition.Size / partition.BytesPerSector;
// Prevent from extending beyond the secondary GPT header / partition array
long max = ((long)header.LastUsableLBA + 1) * partition.BytesPerSector - (partition.FirstSector * partition.BytesPerSector + partition.Size);
List <GuidPartitionEntry> entries = GuidPartitionTable.ReadEntriesFromDisk(partition.Disk);
foreach (GuidPartitionEntry entry in entries)
{
if ((long)entry.FirstLBA > partition.FirstSector)
{
long available = ((long)entry.FirstLBA - partition.FirstSector) * partition.BytesPerSector - partition.Size;
max = Math.Min(max, available);
}
}
return(max);
}
public static List <GuidPartitionEntry> ReadEntriesFromDisk(Disk disk)
{
GuidPartitionTableHeader primaryHeader = GuidPartitionTableHeader.ReadPrimaryFromDisk(disk);
if (primaryHeader != null)
{
List <GuidPartitionEntry> result = ReadEntriesFromDisk(disk, primaryHeader);
if (result != null)
{
return(result);
}
}
GuidPartitionTableHeader secondaryHeader = GuidPartitionTableHeader.ReadSecondaryFromDisk(disk, primaryHeader);
if (secondaryHeader != null)
{
return(ReadEntriesFromDisk(disk, secondaryHeader));
}
return(null);
}
/// <summary>
/// Read valid GPT (header and partition table), and write it to the correct locations at the beginning and end of the disk.
/// The protective MBR partition size will be updated as well.
/// </summary>
public static void RebaseDisk(Disk disk, MasterBootRecord mbr)
{
GuidPartitionTableHeader primaryHeader = GuidPartitionTableHeader.ReadPrimaryFromDisk(disk);
GuidPartitionTableHeader secondaryHeader = null;
List <GuidPartitionEntry> entries = null;
if (primaryHeader != null)
{
entries = ReadEntriesFromDisk(disk, primaryHeader);
}
if (primaryHeader == null || entries == null)
{
secondaryHeader = GuidPartitionTableHeader.ReadSecondaryFromDisk(disk, primaryHeader);
if (secondaryHeader != null)
{
entries = ReadEntriesFromDisk(disk, secondaryHeader);
}
}
if (entries == null)
{
throw new InvalidDataException("Both the primary and secondary GPT are corrupted");
}
if (secondaryHeader != null)
{
primaryHeader = secondaryHeader.Clone();
}
else
{
secondaryHeader = primaryHeader.Clone();
}
byte[] partitionTableEntries = GuidPartitionEntryCollection.GetBytes(primaryHeader, entries);
int partitionEntriesLength = (int)(primaryHeader.NumberOfPartitionEntries * primaryHeader.SizeOfPartitionEntry);
long partitionEntriesPrimaryLBA = 2;
long partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA = disk.TotalSectors - 1 - partitionEntriesLength / disk.BytesPerSector;
// If the disk was trimmed or converted to GPT without a secondary header, we don't want to overwrite partition data
bool writeSecondaryGPT = primaryHeader.LastUsableLBA <= (ulong)(partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA - 1);
primaryHeader.CurrentLBA = 1;
primaryHeader.BackupLBA = (ulong)(disk.TotalSectors - 1);
primaryHeader.PartitionEntriesLBA = (ulong)partitionEntriesPrimaryLBA;
primaryHeader.LastUsableLBA = (ulong)(partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA - 1);
secondaryHeader.CurrentLBA = (ulong)(disk.TotalSectors - 1);
secondaryHeader.BackupLBA = 1;
secondaryHeader.PartitionEntriesLBA = (ulong)partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA;
secondaryHeader.LastUsableLBA = (ulong)(partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA - 1);
// Update protective MBR partition size
uint firstUsableLBA = mbr.PartitionTable[0].FirstSectorLBA;
mbr.PartitionTable[0].SectorCountLBA = (uint)Math.Min(disk.TotalSectors - firstUsableLBA, UInt32.MaxValue);
MasterBootRecord.WriteToDisk(disk, mbr);
// Write primary and secondary GPT
GuidPartitionTableHeader.WriteToDisk(disk, primaryHeader);
disk.WriteSectors(partitionEntriesPrimaryLBA, partitionTableEntries);
if (writeSecondaryGPT)
{
GuidPartitionTableHeader.WriteToDisk(disk, secondaryHeader);
disk.WriteSectors(partitionEntriesSecondaryLBA, partitionTableEntries);
}
}
public GuidPartitionTableHeader Clone()
{
GuidPartitionTableHeader clone = (GuidPartitionTableHeader)this.MemberwiseClone();
return(clone);
}
/// <summary>
/// GuidPartitionTableHeader.CurrentLBA Will be used as the writing location,
/// This will help preserve cases where the backup GPT scheme was written in an uncommon way.
/// </summary>
public static void WriteToDisk(Disk disk, GuidPartitionTableHeader header)
{
disk.WriteSectors((long)header.CurrentLBA, header.GetBytes(disk.BytesPerSector));
}