public Node(int key)
{
this.key = key;
this.height = 1;
this.left = null;
this.right = null;
}
private void RecalcHeight(Node node)
{
int hLeft = GetHeight(node.left);
int hRight = GetHeight(node.right);
node.height = (hLeft > hRight ? hLeft : hRight) + 1;
}
public int Height(Node n)
{
if (n == null)
return 0;
else
return Math.Max(Height(n.leftChild), Height(n.rightChild)) + 1;
}
private static void BalanceTree(Node nodeToBalance)
{
if (nodeToBalance.balanceFactor == 2)
{
if (nodeToBalance.rightChild.balanceFactor == 1) //RR
{//do a left rotation
Console.WriteLine(nodeToBalance.data + " was RR unbalanced");
//nodeToBalance = LeftRotation(nodeToBalance);
}
else if (nodeToBalance.rightChild.balanceFactor == -1) //RL
{//do a double left rotation
Console.WriteLine(nodeToBalance.data + " was RL unbalanced");
//nodeToBalance = LeftRotation(nodeToBalance);
//nodeToBalance = LeftRotation(nodeToBalance);
}
}
else
{
if (nodeToBalance.leftChild.balanceFactor == 1) //LR
{//do a right rotation
Console.WriteLine(nodeToBalance.data + " was LR unbalanced");
//nodeToBalance = RightRotation(nodeToBalance);
}
else if (nodeToBalance.leftChild.balanceFactor == -1) //LL
{//do a double right rotation
Console.WriteLine(nodeToBalance.data + " was LL unbalanced");
//nodeToBalance = RightRotation(nodeToBalance);
//nodeToBalance = RightRotation(nodeToBalance);
}
}
}
//recursive node insert
public void InsertNode(Node insertedNode, Node parentNode)
{
if (this.rootNode == null)
rootNode = insertedNode;
//reference: http://csharp.net-informations.com/string/csharp-string-compare.htm
else if (string.Compare(insertedNode.data, parentNode.data) < 0) //if string0 is less than string1
{
if (parentNode.leftChild == null)
{
parentNode.leftChild = insertedNode;
insertedNode.parent = parentNode;
}
else
InsertNode(insertedNode, parentNode.leftChild);
}
else if (string.Compare(insertedNode.data, parentNode.data) > 0) //if string0 is greater than string1
{
if (parentNode.rightChild == null)
{
parentNode.rightChild = insertedNode;
insertedNode.parent = parentNode;
}
else
InsertNode(insertedNode, parentNode.rightChild);
}
else { }
//Console.WriteLine("Value already in Tree");
//throw new Exception("Inserted node value equals parent node value, discard value");
}
private Node Balancing(Node node)
{
RecalcHeight(node);
if (GetBalance(node) == 2)
{
if (GetBalance(node.right) < 0)
{
node.right = RotateRight(node.right);
}
return RotateLeft(node);
}
if (GetBalance(node) == -2)
{
if (GetBalance(node.left) > 0)
{
node.left = RotateLeft(node.left);
}
return RotateRight(node);
}
return node;
}
public static void ReassignHeightsAndBalanceFactors(Node[] nodeList)
{
//reassign heights and balance factors each time a node is inserted
for (int j = 0; j < nodeList.Length; j++)
{
nodeList[j].height = nodeList[j].Height(nodeList[j]);
nodeList[j].balanceFactor = nodeList[j].BalanceFactor(nodeList[j].leftChild, nodeList[j].rightChild);
}
}
private Node RotateLeft(Node node)
{
Node root = node.right;
node.right = root.left;
root.left = node;
RecalcHeight(node);
RecalcHeight(root);
return root;
}
public int BalanceFactor(Node leftNode, Node rightNode)
{
try
{
return (leftNode.height - rightNode.height);
}
catch
{
return 0;
}
}
public void InOrderTraversal(Node current)
{
if (current != null)
{
// Visit the left child...
InOrderTraversal(current.leftChild);
// Output the value of the current node
Console.WriteLine(current.data);
// Visit the right child...
InOrderTraversal(current.rightChild);
}
}
public void Delete(Node nodeToDelete, Node[] nodeList)
{
if (nodeToDelete.rightChild == null)
{
nodeToDelete = nodeToDelete.leftChild;
}
else if (nodeToDelete.rightChild.leftChild == null)
{
nodeToDelete = nodeToDelete.rightChild;
}
else
{
Node tempNode = getLeftMost(nodeToDelete.rightChild.leftChild);
Delete(nodeToDelete.rightChild.leftChild, nodeList);
nodeToDelete.data = tempNode.data;
}
Program.ReassignHeightsAndBalanceFactors(nodeList);
Program.BalanceTreeIfUnbalanced(nodeList);
}
private void ll_case(Node parent)
{
Node grandparent = parent.Parent;
Node node = parent.Left;
Node right = node.Right;
if (parent == Root)
{
Root = node;
Root.Type = TYPE.ROOT;
}
if (grandparent != null)
grandparent.Left = node;
if (parent.Type != TYPE.RIGHT)
parent.Type = TYPE.RIGHT;
parent.Left = right;
node.Right = parent;
node.Parent = grandparent;
if (right != null)
{
right.Parent = parent;
right.Type = TYPE.LEFT;
}
parent.Parent = node;
}
// ----------------------------------
private bool do_find(Node node, double key)
{
if (node.Key == key)
return true;
else if (node.Key < key && node.Right != null)
return do_find(node.Right, key);
else if (node.Key > key && node.Left != null)
return do_find(node.Left, key);
else
return false;
}
// ----------------------------------
private void dfs(Node node, int level)
{
if (node != null)
{
dfs(node.Right, level + 1);
Console.WriteLine(new String(' ', 3 * level) + node.Key);
dfs(node.Left, level + 1);
}
}
private void balancing(Node node)
{
if (node != null)
{
if (node.Balance == 2)
{
if (node.Left != null && node.Left.Balance == -1)
lr_case(node);
ll_case(node);
}
else if (node.Balance == -2)
{
if (node.Right != null && node.Right.Balance == 1)
rl_case(node);
rr_case(node);
}
}
if (node.Parent != null)
balancing(node.Parent);
}
// ----------------------------------
// Heigth of the Node
// -1 -> root is null
public int Height(Node node)
{
if (node != null)
{
bool is_left = node.Left == null;
bool is_right = node.Right == null;
if (!is_left && !is_right)
return 1 + Math.Max(Height(node.Left), Height(node.Right));
else if (!is_left && is_right)
return 1 + Height(node.Left);
else if (is_left && !is_right)
return 1 + Height(node.Right);
else
return 0;
}
else
return -1;
}
public void InOrderTravers(Node root)
{
if (root != null)
{
InOrderTravers(root.left);
Output(root.key);
InOrderTravers(root.right);
}
}
private void update_balance(Node added)
{
added.UpdateBalance(Balance(added));
if (added.Parent != null)
update_balance(added.Parent);
}
private void rr_case(Node parent)
{
Node grandparent = parent.Parent;
Node node = parent.Right;
Node left = node.Left;
if (parent == Root)
{
Root = node;
Root.Type = TYPE.ROOT;
}
if (grandparent != null)
grandparent.Right = node;
if (parent.Type != TYPE.LEFT)
parent.Type = TYPE.LEFT;
parent.Right = left;
node.Left = parent;
node.Parent = grandparent;
if (left != null)
{
left.Parent = parent;
left.Type = TYPE.RIGHT;
}
parent.Parent = node;
}
// ----------------------------------
private void lr_case(Node root)
{
// From { { A | node | { B | right | C } } | root | .. }
// To { { { A | node | B } | right | C } | root | .. }
Node node = root.Left;
Node right = node.Right;
node.Right = right.Left;
if (right.Left != null)
{
right.Left.Parent = node;
right.Left = node;
right.Left.Type = TYPE.RIGHT;
}
right.Type = TYPE.LEFT;
node.Parent = right;
right.Parent = node.Parent;
root.Left = right;
}
public void PostOrderTravers(Node root)
{
if (root != null)
{
PostOrderTravers(root.left);
PostOrderTravers(root.right);
Output(root.key);
}
}
private int GetBalance(Node node)
{
return GetHeight(node.right) - GetHeight(node.left);
}
private int GetHeight(Node node)
{
return node != null ? node.height : 0;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Node root = new Node(4);
Avl avlTree = new Avl();
avlTree.Insert(root, 3);
avlTree.Insert(root, 5);
avlTree.Insert(root, 7);
avlTree.Insert(root, 1);
avlTree.Insert(root, 6);
avlTree.PreOrderTravers(root);
avlTree.InOrderTravers(root);
avlTree.PostOrderTravers(root);
avlTree.Remove(root, 3);
avlTree.Remove(root, 6);
Console.WriteLine("Press any key...");
Console.ReadKey();
}
private void rl_case(Node root)
{
// From { .. | root | { { C | left | B } | node | A } }
// To { .. | root | { C | left | { B | node | A } } }
Node node = root.Right;
Node left = node.Left;
node.Left = left.Right;
if (left.Right != null)
{
left.Right.Parent = node;
left.Right = node;
left.Right.Type = TYPE.LEFT;
}
left.Type = TYPE.RIGHT;
node.Parent = left;
left.Parent = node.Parent;
root.Right = left;
}
public Node Insert(Node node, int key)
{
if (node == null)
{
return new Node(key);
}
if (key < node.key)
{
node.left = Insert(node.left, key);
}
else
{
node.right = Insert(node.right, key);
}
return Balancing(node);
}
// ----------------------------------
private Node simple_add(Node parent, ref Node node, double key, int level, TYPE type)
{
if (node != null)
{
if (node.Key > key)
return simple_add(node, ref node.Left, key, level + 1, TYPE.LEFT);
else
return simple_add(node, ref node.Right, key, level + 1, TYPE.RIGHT);
}
else
{
node = new Node(parent, key, level, type);
return node;
}
}
// ----------------------------------
// Constructor
public AVLTree()
{
Root = null;
}
// ----------------------------------
// Constructor
public Node(Node parent, double key, int level, TYPE type)
{
Key = key;
Type = type;
Balance = 0;
Parent = parent;
Left = Right = null;
}
// ----------------------------------
// Balance if the Node
// -1 -> node is null
public int Balance(Node node)
{
if (node != null)
return Height(node.Left) - Height(node.Right);
else
return -1;
}
