/// <summary> /// Prepares and validates the account address for contract deployment. /// </summary> /// <param name="recipient">Contract address.</param> /// <exception cref="TransactionCollisionException">Thrown when the address is already in use</exception> private void PrepareContractAccount(Address recipient) { if (!_stateProvider.AccountExists(recipient)) { return; } var addressHasCode = (_virtualMachine.GetCachedCodeInfo(recipient)?.MachineCode?.Length ?? 0) != 0; var addressWasUsed = _stateProvider.GetNonce(recipient) != 0; if (addressHasCode || addressWasUsed) { if (_logger.IsEnabled(LogEventLevel.Verbose)) { _logger.Verbose($"Contract collision at {recipient}"); } throw new TransactionCollisionException(); } _stateProvider.UpdateStorageRoot(recipient, Keccak.EmptyTreeHash); }
private void PrepareAccountForContractDeployment(Address contractAddress, IReleaseSpec spec) { if (_stateProvider.AccountExists(contractAddress)) { CodeInfo codeInfo = _virtualMachine.GetCachedCodeInfo(_worldState, contractAddress, spec); bool codeIsNotEmpty = codeInfo.MachineCode.Length != 0; bool accountNonceIsNotZero = _stateProvider.GetNonce(contractAddress) != 0; // TODO: verify what should happen if code info is a precompile // (but this would generally be a hash collision) if (codeIsNotEmpty || accountNonceIsNotZero) { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Contract collision at {contractAddress}"); } throw new TransactionCollisionException(); } // we clean any existing storage (in case of a previously called self destruct) _stateProvider.UpdateStorageRoot(contractAddress, Keccak.EmptyTreeHash); } }
private void Execute(Transaction transaction, BlockHeader block, ITxTracer txTracer, bool isCall) { bool notSystemTransaction = !transaction.IsSystem(); bool wasSenderAccountCreatedInsideACall = false; IReleaseSpec spec = _specProvider.GetSpec(block.Number); if (!notSystemTransaction) { spec = new SystemTransactionReleaseSpec(spec); } Address recipient = transaction.To; UInt256 value = transaction.Value; UInt256 gasPrice = transaction.GasPrice; long gasLimit = transaction.GasLimit; byte[] machineCode = transaction.Init; byte[] data = transaction.Data ?? Array.Empty <byte>(); Address sender = transaction.SenderAddress; if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Executing tx {transaction.Hash}"); } if (sender == null) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, "SENDER_NOT_SPECIFIED"); QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, "sender not specified"); return; } long intrinsicGas = _intrinsicGasCalculator.Calculate(transaction, spec); if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Intrinsic gas calculated for {transaction.Hash}: " + intrinsicGas); } if (notSystemTransaction) { if (gasLimit < intrinsicGas) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"GAS_LIMIT_BELOW_INTRINSIC_GAS {gasLimit} < {intrinsicGas}"); QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, "gas limit below intrinsic gas"); return; } if (!isCall && gasLimit > block.GasLimit - block.GasUsed) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"BLOCK_GAS_LIMIT_EXCEEDED {gasLimit} > {block.GasLimit} - {block.GasUsed}"); QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, "block gas limit exceeded"); return; } } if (!_stateProvider.AccountExists(sender)) { // hacky fix for the potential recovery issue if (transaction.Signature != null) { transaction.SenderAddress = _ecdsa.RecoverAddress(transaction, !spec.ValidateChainId); } if (sender != transaction.SenderAddress) { if (_logger.IsWarn) { _logger.Warn($"TX recovery issue fixed - tx was coming with sender {sender} and the now it recovers to {transaction.SenderAddress}"); } sender = transaction.SenderAddress; } else { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"SENDER_ACCOUNT_DOES_NOT_EXIST {sender}"); if (isCall || gasPrice == UInt256.Zero) { wasSenderAccountCreatedInsideACall = isCall; _stateProvider.CreateAccount(sender, UInt256.Zero); } } } if (notSystemTransaction) { UInt256 senderBalance = _stateProvider.GetBalance(sender); if (!isCall && (ulong)intrinsicGas * gasPrice + value > senderBalance) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"INSUFFICIENT_SENDER_BALANCE: ({sender})_BALANCE = {senderBalance}"); QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, "insufficient sender balance"); return; } if (transaction.Nonce != _stateProvider.GetNonce(sender)) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"WRONG_TRANSACTION_NONCE: {transaction.Nonce} (expected {_stateProvider.GetNonce(sender)})"); QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, "wrong transaction nonce"); return; } _stateProvider.IncrementNonce(sender); } UInt256 senderReservedGasPayment = isCall ? UInt256.Zero : (ulong)gasLimit * gasPrice; _stateProvider.SubtractFromBalance(sender, senderReservedGasPayment, spec); _stateProvider.Commit(spec, txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : null); long unspentGas = gasLimit - intrinsicGas; long spentGas = gasLimit; int stateSnapshot = _stateProvider.TakeSnapshot(); int storageSnapshot = _storageProvider.TakeSnapshot(); _stateProvider.SubtractFromBalance(sender, value, spec); byte statusCode = StatusCode.Failure; TransactionSubstate substate = null; try { if (transaction.IsContractCreation) { recipient = transaction.IsSystem() ? transaction.SenderAddress : ContractAddress.From(sender, _stateProvider.GetNonce(sender) - 1); if (_stateProvider.AccountExists(recipient)) { if (_virtualMachine.GetCachedCodeInfo(recipient, spec).MachineCode.Length != 0 || _stateProvider.GetNonce(recipient) != 0) { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Contract collision at {recipient}"); // the account already owns the contract with the code } throw new TransactionCollisionException(); } _stateProvider.UpdateStorageRoot(recipient, Keccak.EmptyTreeHash); } } ExecutionEnvironment env = new ExecutionEnvironment(); env.Value = value; env.TransferValue = value; env.Sender = sender; env.CodeSource = recipient; env.ExecutingAccount = recipient; env.CurrentBlock = block; env.GasPrice = gasPrice; env.InputData = data ?? Array.Empty <byte>(); env.CodeInfo = machineCode == null?_virtualMachine.GetCachedCodeInfo(recipient, spec) : new CodeInfo(machineCode); env.Originator = sender; ExecutionType executionType = transaction.IsContractCreation ? ExecutionType.Create : ExecutionType.Call; using (EvmState state = new EvmState(unspentGas, env, executionType, true, false)) { substate = _virtualMachine.Run(state, txTracer); unspentGas = state.GasAvailable; } if (substate.ShouldRevert || substate.IsError) { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace("Restoring state from before transaction"); } _stateProvider.Restore(stateSnapshot); _storageProvider.Restore(storageSnapshot); } else { // tks: there is similar code fo contract creation from init and from CREATE // this may lead to inconsistencies (however it is tested extensively in blockchain tests) if (transaction.IsContractCreation) { long codeDepositGasCost = CodeDepositHandler.CalculateCost(substate.Output.Length, spec); if (unspentGas < codeDepositGasCost && spec.IsEip2Enabled) { throw new OutOfGasException(); } if (unspentGas >= codeDepositGasCost) { Keccak codeHash = _stateProvider.UpdateCode(substate.Output); _stateProvider.UpdateCodeHash(recipient, codeHash, spec); unspentGas -= codeDepositGasCost; } } foreach (Address toBeDestroyed in substate.DestroyList) { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Destroying account {toBeDestroyed}"); } _storageProvider.ClearStorage(toBeDestroyed); _stateProvider.DeleteAccount(toBeDestroyed); if (txTracer.IsTracingRefunds) { txTracer.ReportRefund(RefundOf.Destroy); } } statusCode = StatusCode.Success; } spentGas = Refund(gasLimit, unspentGas, substate, sender, gasPrice, spec); } catch (Exception ex) when(ex is EvmException || ex is OverflowException) // TODO: OverflowException? still needed? hope not { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"EVM EXCEPTION: {ex.GetType().Name}"); } _stateProvider.Restore(stateSnapshot); _storageProvider.Restore(storageSnapshot); } if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace("Gas spent: " + spentGas); } Address gasBeneficiary = block.GasBeneficiary; if (statusCode == StatusCode.Failure || !(substate?.DestroyList.Contains(gasBeneficiary) ?? false)) { if (notSystemTransaction) { if (!_stateProvider.AccountExists(gasBeneficiary)) { _stateProvider.CreateAccount(gasBeneficiary, (ulong)spentGas * gasPrice); } else { _stateProvider.AddToBalance(gasBeneficiary, (ulong)spentGas * gasPrice, spec); } } } if (!isCall) { _storageProvider.Commit(txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : null); _stateProvider.Commit(spec, txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : null); } else { _storageProvider.Reset(); _stateProvider.Reset(); if (wasSenderAccountCreatedInsideACall) { _stateProvider.DeleteAccount(sender); } else { _stateProvider.AddToBalance(sender, senderReservedGasPayment, spec); if (notSystemTransaction) { _stateProvider.DecrementNonce(sender); } } _stateProvider.Commit(spec); } if (!isCall && notSystemTransaction) { block.GasUsed += spentGas; } if (txTracer.IsTracingReceipt) { Keccak stateRoot = null; bool eip658Enabled = _specProvider.GetSpec(block.Number).IsEip658Enabled; if (!eip658Enabled) { _stateProvider.RecalculateStateRoot(); stateRoot = _stateProvider.StateRoot; } if (statusCode == StatusCode.Failure) { txTracer.MarkAsFailed(recipient, spentGas, (substate?.ShouldRevert ?? false) ? substate.Output : Array.Empty <byte>(), substate?.Error, stateRoot); } else { txTracer.MarkAsSuccess(recipient, spentGas, substate.Output, substate.Logs.Any() ? substate.Logs.ToArray() : Array.Empty <LogEntry>(), stateRoot); } } }
public void Commit(IStorageTracer tracer) { if (_currentPosition == -1) { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace("No storage changes to commit"); } return; } if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace("Committing storage changes"); } if (_changes[_currentPosition] == null) { throw new InvalidOperationException($"Change at current position {_currentPosition} was null when commiting {nameof(StorageProvider)}"); } if (_changes[_currentPosition + 1] != null) { throw new InvalidOperationException($"Change after current position ({_currentPosition} + 1) was not null when commiting {nameof(StorageProvider)}"); } HashSet <Address> toUpdateRoots = new HashSet <Address>(); bool isTracing = tracer != null; Dictionary <StorageCell, ChangeTrace> trace = null; if (isTracing) { trace = new Dictionary <StorageCell, ChangeTrace>(); } for (int i = 0; i <= _currentPosition; i++) { Change change = _changes[_currentPosition - i]; if (!isTracing && change.ChangeType == ChangeType.JustCache) { continue; } if (_committedThisRound.Contains(change.StorageCell)) { if (isTracing && change.ChangeType == ChangeType.JustCache) { trace[change.StorageCell] = new ChangeTrace(change.Value, trace[change.StorageCell].After); } continue; } if (isTracing && change.ChangeType == ChangeType.JustCache) { tracer.ReportStorageRead(change.StorageCell); } _committedThisRound.Add(change.StorageCell); if (change.ChangeType == ChangeType.Destroy) { continue; } int forAssertion = _intraBlockCache[change.StorageCell].Pop(); if (forAssertion != _currentPosition - i) { throw new InvalidOperationException($"Expected checked value {forAssertion} to be equal to {_currentPosition} - {i}"); } switch (change.ChangeType) { case ChangeType.Destroy: break; case ChangeType.JustCache: break; case ChangeType.Update: if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($" Update {change.StorageCell.Address}_{change.StorageCell.Index} V = {change.Value.ToHexString(true)}"); } StorageTree tree = GetOrCreateStorage(change.StorageCell.Address); Metrics.StorageTreeWrites++; toUpdateRoots.Add(change.StorageCell.Address); tree.Set(change.StorageCell.Index, change.Value); if (isTracing) { trace[change.StorageCell] = new ChangeTrace(change.Value); } break; default: throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(); } } foreach (Address address in toUpdateRoots) { // since the accounts could be empty accounts that are removing (EIP-158) if (_stateProvider.AccountExists(address)) { Keccak root = RecalculateRootHash(address); _stateProvider.UpdateStorageRoot(address, root); } } Resettable <Change> .Reset(ref _changes, ref _capacity, ref _currentPosition, StartCapacity); _committedThisRound.Reset(); _intraBlockCache.Reset(); _originalValues.Reset(); if (isTracing) { ReportChanges(tracer, trace); } }
public void Execute(Transaction transaction, BlockHeader block, ITxTracer txTracer, bool readOnly) { IReleaseSpec spec = _specProvider.GetSpec(block.Number); Address recipient = transaction.To; UInt256 value = transaction.Value; UInt256 gasPrice = transaction.GasPrice; long gasLimit = (long)transaction.GasLimit; byte[] machineCode = transaction.Init; byte[] data = transaction.Data ?? Bytes.Empty; Address sender = transaction.SenderAddress; if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Executing tx {transaction.Hash}"); } if (sender == null) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, "SENDER_NOT_SPECIFIED"); if (txTracer.IsTracingReceipt) { txTracer.MarkAsFailed(recipient, (long)transaction.GasLimit); } return; } long intrinsicGas = _intrinsicGasCalculator.Calculate(transaction, spec); if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Intrinsic gas calculated for {transaction.Hash}: " + intrinsicGas); } if (gasLimit < intrinsicGas) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"GAS_LIMIT_BELOW_INTRINSIC_GAS {gasLimit} < {intrinsicGas}"); if (txTracer.IsTracingReceipt) { txTracer.MarkAsFailed(recipient, (long)transaction.GasLimit); } return; } if (gasLimit > block.GasLimit - block.GasUsed) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"BLOCK_GAS_LIMIT_EXCEEDED {gasLimit} > {block.GasLimit} - {block.GasUsed}"); if (txTracer.IsTracingReceipt) { txTracer.MarkAsFailed(recipient, (long)transaction.GasLimit); } return; } if (!_stateProvider.AccountExists(sender)) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"SENDER_ACCOUNT_DOES_NOT_EXIST {sender}"); if (gasPrice == UInt256.Zero) { _stateProvider.CreateAccount(sender, UInt256.Zero); } } UInt256 senderBalance = _stateProvider.GetBalance(sender); if ((ulong)intrinsicGas * gasPrice + value > senderBalance) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"INSUFFICIENT_SENDER_BALANCE: ({sender})_BALANCE = {senderBalance}"); if (txTracer.IsTracingReceipt) { txTracer.MarkAsFailed(recipient, (long)transaction.GasLimit); } return; } if (transaction.Nonce != _stateProvider.GetNonce(sender)) { TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"WRONG_TRANSACTION_NONCE: {transaction.Nonce} (expected {_stateProvider.GetNonce(sender)})"); if (txTracer.IsTracingReceipt) { txTracer.MarkAsFailed(recipient, (long)transaction.GasLimit); } return; } _stateProvider.IncrementNonce(sender); _stateProvider.SubtractFromBalance(sender, (ulong)gasLimit * gasPrice, spec); // TODO: I think we can skip this commit and decrease the tree operations this way _stateProvider.Commit(_specProvider.GetSpec(block.Number), txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : null); long unspentGas = gasLimit - intrinsicGas; long spentGas = gasLimit; int stateSnapshot = _stateProvider.TakeSnapshot(); int storageSnapshot = _storageProvider.TakeSnapshot(); _stateProvider.SubtractFromBalance(sender, value, spec); byte statusCode = StatusCode.Failure; TransactionSubstate substate = null; try { if (transaction.IsContractCreation) { recipient = Address.OfContract(sender, _stateProvider.GetNonce(sender) - 1); if (_stateProvider.AccountExists(recipient)) { if ((_virtualMachine.GetCachedCodeInfo(recipient)?.MachineCode?.Length ?? 0) != 0 || _stateProvider.GetNonce(recipient) != 0) { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Contract collision at {recipient}"); // the account already owns the contract with the code } throw new TransactionCollisionException(); } _stateProvider.UpdateStorageRoot(recipient, Keccak.EmptyTreeHash); } } bool isPrecompile = recipient.IsPrecompiled(spec); ExecutionEnvironment env = new ExecutionEnvironment(); env.Value = value; env.TransferValue = value; env.Sender = sender; env.ExecutingAccount = recipient; env.CurrentBlock = block; env.GasPrice = gasPrice; env.InputData = data ?? new byte[0]; env.CodeInfo = isPrecompile ? new CodeInfo(recipient) : machineCode == null?_virtualMachine.GetCachedCodeInfo(recipient) : new CodeInfo(machineCode); env.Originator = sender; ExecutionType executionType = transaction.IsContractCreation ? ExecutionType.Create : ExecutionType.Call; using (EvmState state = new EvmState(unspentGas, env, executionType, isPrecompile, true, false)) { substate = _virtualMachine.Run(state, spec, txTracer); unspentGas = state.GasAvailable; } if (substate.ShouldRevert || substate.IsError) { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace("Restoring state from before transaction"); } _stateProvider.Restore(stateSnapshot); _storageProvider.Restore(storageSnapshot); } else { // tks: there is similar code fo contract creation from init and from CREATE // this may lead to inconsistencies (however it is tested extensively in blockchain tests) if (transaction.IsContractCreation) { long codeDepositGasCost = substate.Output.Length * GasCostOf.CodeDeposit; if (spec.IsEip170Enabled && substate.Output.Length > 0x6000) { codeDepositGasCost = long.MaxValue; } if (unspentGas < codeDepositGasCost && spec.IsEip2Enabled) { throw new OutOfGasException(); } if (unspentGas >= codeDepositGasCost) { Keccak codeHash = _stateProvider.UpdateCode(substate.Output); _stateProvider.UpdateCodeHash(recipient, codeHash, spec); unspentGas -= codeDepositGasCost; } } foreach (Address toBeDestroyed in substate.DestroyList) { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"Destroying account {toBeDestroyed}"); } _stateProvider.DeleteAccount(toBeDestroyed); } statusCode = StatusCode.Success; } spentGas = Refund(gasLimit, unspentGas, substate, sender, gasPrice, spec); } catch (Exception ex) when(ex is EvmException || ex is OverflowException) // TODO: OverflowException? still needed? hope not { if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace($"EVM EXCEPTION: {ex.GetType().Name}"); } _stateProvider.Restore(stateSnapshot); _storageProvider.Restore(storageSnapshot); } if (_logger.IsTrace) { _logger.Trace("Gas spent: " + spentGas); } Address gasBeneficiary = block.GasBeneficiary; if (statusCode == StatusCode.Failure || !(substate?.DestroyList.Contains(gasBeneficiary) ?? false)) { if (!_stateProvider.AccountExists(gasBeneficiary)) { _stateProvider.CreateAccount(gasBeneficiary, (ulong)spentGas * gasPrice); } else { _stateProvider.AddToBalance(gasBeneficiary, (ulong)spentGas * gasPrice, spec); } } if (!readOnly) { _storageProvider.Commit(txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : null); _stateProvider.Commit(spec, txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : null); } else { _storageProvider.Reset(); _stateProvider.Reset(); } if (!readOnly) { block.GasUsed += spentGas; } if (txTracer.IsTracingReceipt) { if (statusCode == StatusCode.Failure) { txTracer.MarkAsFailed(recipient, (long)transaction.GasLimit); } else { txTracer.MarkAsSuccess(recipient, spentGas, substate.Output, substate.Logs.Any() ? substate.Logs.ToArray() : LogEntry.EmptyLogs); } } }