public static void Main()
{
// DictionaryStringKey<Guid> e' um tipo fechado (closed type)
// DictionaryStringKey<Guid> deriva do tipo fechado Dictionary<String, Guid>
DictionaryStringKey <Guid> d = new DictionaryStringKey <Guid>();
object o = null;
Type type1 = typeof(Dictionary <,>);
o = CreateInstance(type1); // Erro, pois Dictionary<,> e' um tipo aberto, nao e' possivel criar instancias
Console.WriteLine();
Type type2 = typeof(DictionaryStringKey <>);
o = CreateInstance(type2); // Erro, pois DictionaryStringKey<> e' um tipo aberto, nao e' possivel criar instancias
Console.WriteLine();
Type type3 = typeof(DictionaryStringKey <Guid>); // Closed type
o = CreateInstance(type3); // OK
Console.WriteLine("o.GetType() = {0}", o.GetType());
Console.WriteLine();
// Nota:
// Nao existe relacao de heranca entre um closed type e o seu opened type.
//
Console.WriteLine("type2.IsAssignableFrom(type3) ? {0}", type2.IsAssignableFrom(type3)); // false
// Os tipos base de um tipo fechado sao os mesmos do tipo aberto substituindo os parametros de
// tipo pelos argumentos usados.
Console.WriteLine("typeof(Dictionary<String, Guid>).IsAssignableFrom(type3) ? {0}",
typeof(Dictionary <String, Guid>).IsAssignableFrom(type3)); // true
}
public static void TestRun()
{
object o = null;
// Dictionary<,>是一个开放类型，它有2个类型参数
Type t1 = typeof(Dictionary <,>);
// 创建开放类型的实例（创建失败，出现异常）
o = CreateInstance(t1);
Console.WriteLine();
// DictionaryStringKey<>也是一个开放类型，但它有1个类型参数
Type t2 = typeof(DictionaryStringKey <>);
// 创建该类型的实例（同样会失败，出现异常）
o = CreateInstance(t2);
Console.WriteLine();
// DictionaryStringKey<int>是一个封闭类型
Type t3 = typeof(DictionaryStringKey <int>);
// 创建封闭类型的一个实例（成功）
o = CreateInstance(t3);
Console.WriteLine($"对象类型={o.GetType()}");
//测试泛型类
DictionaryStringKey <int> dic = new DictionaryStringKey <int>("werwer");
dic.Add("a", 111);
dic.Add("b", 222);
Type t4 = typeof(TestClass1);
// 创建抽象类的实例（创建失败，出现异常）
o = CreateInstance(t4);
Console.ReadKey();
}