/// <summary>
/// Updates the contact geometry of a contact set.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="contactSet">The contact set.</param>
/// <param name="deltaTime">
/// The time step in seconds. (The simulation time that has elapsed since the last time that an
/// Update-method was called.)
/// </param>
/// <param name="contactPositionTolerance">The contact position tolerance.</param>
/// <remarks>
/// <para>
/// The objects can still move relative to each other. This method updates the contact
/// information if the objects have moved. The <see cref="Contact.Lifetime"/> of persistent
/// contacts is increased. Invalid contacts are removed. Closest point pairs will be removed if
/// they start touching. Penetrating or touching contacts are removed if the objects have moved
/// more than <paramref name="contactPositionTolerance"/> or the contacts have separated.
/// </para>
/// <para>
/// Note: Only the info of the cached contacts is updated. New contacts are not discovered in
/// this method.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
internal static void UpdateContacts(ContactSet contactSet, float deltaTime, float contactPositionTolerance)
{
Debug.Assert(contactPositionTolerance >= 0, "The contact position tolerance must be greater than or equal to 0");
int numberOfContacts = contactSet.Count;
if (numberOfContacts == 0)
return;
if (contactSet.ObjectA.Changed || contactSet.ObjectB.Changed)
{
// Objects have moved.
for (int i = numberOfContacts - 1; i >= 0; i--) // Reverse loop, because contacts might be removed.
{
Contact contact = contactSet[i];
// Increase Lifetime.
contact.Lifetime += deltaTime;
// Update all contacts and remove invalid contacts.
bool shouldRemove = UpdateContact(contactSet, contact, contactPositionTolerance);
if (shouldRemove)
{
contactSet.RemoveAt(i);
contact.Recycle();
}
}
}
else
{
// Nothing has moved.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfContacts; i++)
{
// Increase Lifetime.
contactSet[i].Lifetime += deltaTime;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Removes separated contacts.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="contactSet">The contact set.</param>
internal static void RemoveSeparatedContacts(ContactSet contactSet)
{
for (int i = contactSet.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
Contact contact = contactSet[i];
if (contact.PenetrationDepth < 0)
{
contactSet.RemoveAt(i);
contact.Recycle();
}
}
}
public static void RemoveBadContacts(ContactSet contactSet, Vector3F normal, float minDotProduct)
{
for (int i = contactSet.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
Contact contact = contactSet[i];
Vector3F contactNormal = contact.Normal;
// float dot = Vector3F.Dot(contactNormal, normal);
// ----- Optimized version:
float dot = contactNormal.X * normal.X + contactNormal.Y * normal.Y + contactNormal.Z * normal.Z;
if (dot < minDotProduct)
{
contactSet.RemoveAt(i);
contact.Recycle();
}
}
}
private void AddTriangleContacts(ContactSet contactSet,
bool swapped,
int triangleIndex,
CollisionQueryType type,
ContactSet testContactSet,
CollisionObject testCollisionObject,
TestGeometricObject testGeometricObject,
TriangleShape testTriangle)
{
// Object A should be the triangle mesh.
CollisionObject collisionObjectA = (swapped) ? contactSet.ObjectB : contactSet.ObjectA;
CollisionObject collisionObjectB = (swapped) ? contactSet.ObjectA : contactSet.ObjectB;
IGeometricObject geometricObjectA = collisionObjectA.GeometricObject;
var triangleMeshShape = ((TriangleMeshShape)geometricObjectA.Shape);
Triangle triangle = triangleMeshShape.Mesh.GetTriangle(triangleIndex);
Pose poseA = geometricObjectA.Pose;
Vector3F scaleA = geometricObjectA.Scale;
// Find collision algorithm.
CollisionAlgorithm collisionAlgorithm = CollisionDetection.AlgorithmMatrix[typeof(TriangleShape), collisionObjectB.GeometricObject.Shape.GetType()];
// Apply scaling.
testTriangle.Vertex0 = triangle.Vertex0 * scaleA;
testTriangle.Vertex1 = triangle.Vertex1 * scaleA;
testTriangle.Vertex2 = triangle.Vertex2 * scaleA;
// Set the shape temporarily to the current triangles.
testGeometricObject.Shape = testTriangle;
testGeometricObject.Scale = Vector3F.One;
testGeometricObject.Pose = poseA;
testCollisionObject.SetInternal(collisionObjectA, testGeometricObject);
// Make a temporary contact set.
// (Object A and object B should have the same order as in contactSet; otherwise we couldn't
// simply merge them.)
Debug.Assert(testContactSet.Count == 0, "testContactSet needs to be cleared.");
if (swapped)
{
testContactSet.Reset(collisionObjectB, testCollisionObject);
}
else
{
testContactSet.Reset(testCollisionObject, collisionObjectB);
}
if (type == CollisionQueryType.Boolean)
{
collisionAlgorithm.ComputeCollision(testContactSet, CollisionQueryType.Boolean);
contactSet.HaveContact = contactSet.HaveContact || testContactSet.HaveContact;
}
else
{
// No perturbation test. Most triangle mesh shapes are either complex and automatically
// have more contacts. Or they are complex and will not be used for stacking
// where full contact sets would be needed.
testContactSet.IsPerturbationTestAllowed = false;
// TODO: Copy separating axis info and similar things into triangleContactSet.
// But currently this info is not used in the queries.
// For closest points: If we know that we have a contact, then we can make a
// faster contact query instead of a closest-point query.
CollisionQueryType queryType = (contactSet.HaveContact) ? CollisionQueryType.Contacts : type;
collisionAlgorithm.ComputeCollision(testContactSet, queryType);
contactSet.HaveContact = contactSet.HaveContact || testContactSet.HaveContact;
if (testContactSet.HaveContact && testContactSet.Count > 0 && !triangleMeshShape.IsTwoSided)
{
// To compute the triangle normal in world space we take the normal of the unscaled
// triangle and transform the normal with: (M^-1)^T = 1 / scale
Vector3F triangleNormalLocal = Vector3F.Cross(triangle.Vertex1 - triangle.Vertex0, triangle.Vertex2 - triangle.Vertex0) / scaleA;
Vector3F triangleNormal = poseA.ToWorldDirection(triangleNormalLocal);
if (triangleNormal.TryNormalize())
{
var preferredNormal = swapped ? -triangleNormal : triangleNormal;
// ----- Remove bad normal.
// Triangles are double sided, but meshes are single sided.
// --> Remove contacts where the contact normal points into the wrong direction.
ContactHelper.RemoveBadContacts(testContactSet, preferredNormal, -Numeric.EpsilonF);
if (testContactSet.Count > 0 && triangleMeshShape.EnableContactWelding)
{
var contactDotTriangle = Vector3F.Dot(testContactSet[0].Normal, preferredNormal);
if (contactDotTriangle < WeldingLimit)
{
// Bad normal. Perform welding.
Vector3F contactPositionOnTriangle = swapped
? testContactSet[0].PositionBLocal / scaleA
: testContactSet[0].PositionALocal / scaleA;
Vector3F neighborNormal;
float triangleDotNeighbor;
GetNeighborNormal(triangleIndex, triangle, contactPositionOnTriangle, triangleNormal, triangleMeshShape, poseA, scaleA, out neighborNormal, out triangleDotNeighbor);
if (triangleDotNeighbor < float.MaxValue && Numeric.IsLess(contactDotTriangle, triangleDotNeighbor))
{
// Normal is not in allowed range.
// Test again in triangle normal direction.
Contact c0 = testContactSet[0];
testContactSet.RemoveAt(0);
testContactSet.Clear();
testContactSet.PreferredNormal = preferredNormal;
collisionAlgorithm.ComputeCollision(testContactSet, queryType);
testContactSet.PreferredNormal = Vector3F.Zero;
if (testContactSet.Count > 0)
{
Contact c1 = testContactSet[0];
float contact1DotTriangle = Vector3F.Dot(c1.Normal, preferredNormal);
// We use c1 instead of c0 if it has lower penetration depth (then it is simply
// better). Or we use c1 if the penetration depth increase is in an allowed range
// and c1 has a normal in the allowed range.
if (c1.PenetrationDepth < c0.PenetrationDepth ||
Numeric.IsGreaterOrEqual(contact1DotTriangle, triangleDotNeighbor) &&
c1.PenetrationDepth < c0.PenetrationDepth + CollisionDetection.ContactPositionTolerance)
{
c0.Recycle();
c0 = c1;
testContactSet.RemoveAt(0);
contactDotTriangle = contact1DotTriangle;
}
}
if (Numeric.IsLess(contactDotTriangle, triangleDotNeighbor))
{
// Clamp contact to allowed normal:
// We keep the contact position on the mesh and the penetration depth. We set
// a new normal and compute the other related values for this normal.
if (!swapped)
{
var positionAWorld = c0.PositionAWorld;
c0.Normal = neighborNormal;
var positionBWorld = positionAWorld - c0.Normal * c0.PenetrationDepth;
c0.Position = (positionAWorld + positionBWorld) / 2;
c0.PositionBLocal = testContactSet.ObjectB.GeometricObject.Pose.ToLocalPosition(positionBWorld);
}
else
{
var positionBWorld = c0.PositionBWorld;
c0.Normal = -neighborNormal;
var positionAWorld = positionBWorld + c0.Normal * c0.PenetrationDepth;
c0.Position = (positionAWorld + positionBWorld) / 2;
c0.PositionALocal = testContactSet.ObjectA.GeometricObject.Pose.ToLocalPosition(positionAWorld);
}
}
c0.Recycle();
}
}
}
}
}
#region ----- Merge testContactSet into contactSet -----
if (testContactSet.Count > 0)
{
// Set the shape feature of the new contacts.
int numberOfContacts = testContactSet.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfContacts; i++)
{
Contact contact = testContactSet[i];
//if (contact.Lifetime.Ticks == 0) // Currently, this check is not necessary because triangleSet does not contain old contacts.
//{
if (swapped)
{
contact.FeatureB = triangleIndex;
}
else
{
contact.FeatureA = triangleIndex;
}
//}
}
// Merge the contact info.
ContactHelper.Merge(contactSet, testContactSet, type, CollisionDetection.ContactPositionTolerance);
}
#endregion
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Removes 1 contact.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="contactSet">The contact set.</param>
/// <remarks>
/// <c>contactSet[0]</c> is not changed. <c>contactSet[1]</c> to <c>contactSet[4]</c> are
/// tested. The contacts with the largest area are kept. The other one is removed.
/// </remarks>
private static void Reduce(ContactSet contactSet)
{
Debug.Assert(contactSet.Count > 4);
// Remember: The magnitude of the cross product of two vectors is equal to the area of the
// defined parallelogram. The parallelogram is twice as large as the triangle area defined
// between the three points.
Vector3F edge12 = contactSet[2].Position - contactSet[1].Position;
Vector3F edge13 = contactSet[3].Position - contactSet[1].Position;
Vector3F edge14 = contactSet[4].Position - contactSet[1].Position;
Vector3F edge23 = contactSet[3].Position - contactSet[2].Position;
Vector3F edge24 = contactSet[4].Position - contactSet[2].Position;
// Check 4 parallelograms.
float area = Vector3F.Cross(edge12, edge13).LengthSquared;
float maxArea = area;
int contactToDelete = 4;
area = Vector3F.Cross(edge12, edge14).LengthSquared;
if (area > maxArea)
{
maxArea = area;
contactToDelete = 3;
}
area = Vector3F.Cross(edge13, edge14).LengthSquared;
if (area > maxArea)
{
maxArea = area;
contactToDelete = 2;
}
area = Vector3F.Cross(edge23, edge24).LengthSquared;
if (area > maxArea)
{
// maxArea = area;
contactToDelete = 1;
}
contactSet[contactToDelete].Recycle();
// Remove 1 contact by moving the last contact in the contact set to its index.
// Unless the contact to delete is already the last one.
int maxIndex = contactSet.Count - 1;
if (contactToDelete != maxIndex)
contactSet[contactToDelete] = contactSet[maxIndex];
contactSet.RemoveAt(maxIndex);
}
private void AddTriangleContacts(ContactSet contactSet,
bool swapped,
int triangleIndex,
CollisionQueryType type,
ContactSet testContactSet,
CollisionObject testCollisionObject,
TestGeometricObject testGeometricObject,
TriangleShape testTriangle)
{
// Object A should be the triangle mesh.
CollisionObject collisionObjectA = (swapped) ? contactSet.ObjectB : contactSet.ObjectA;
CollisionObject collisionObjectB = (swapped) ? contactSet.ObjectA : contactSet.ObjectB;
IGeometricObject geometricObjectA = collisionObjectA.GeometricObject;
var triangleMeshShape = ((TriangleMeshShape)geometricObjectA.Shape);
Triangle triangle = triangleMeshShape.Mesh.GetTriangle(triangleIndex);
Pose poseA = geometricObjectA.Pose;
Vector3F scaleA = geometricObjectA.Scale;
// Find collision algorithm.
CollisionAlgorithm collisionAlgorithm = CollisionDetection.AlgorithmMatrix[typeof(TriangleShape), collisionObjectB.GeometricObject.Shape.GetType()];
// Apply scaling.
testTriangle.Vertex0 = triangle.Vertex0 * scaleA;
testTriangle.Vertex1 = triangle.Vertex1 * scaleA;
testTriangle.Vertex2 = triangle.Vertex2 * scaleA;
// Set the shape temporarily to the current triangles.
testGeometricObject.Shape = testTriangle;
testGeometricObject.Scale = Vector3F.One;
testGeometricObject.Pose = poseA;
testCollisionObject.SetInternal(collisionObjectA, testGeometricObject);
// Make a temporary contact set.
// (Object A and object B should have the same order as in contactSet; otherwise we couldn't
// simply merge them.)
Debug.Assert(testContactSet.Count == 0, "testContactSet needs to be cleared.");
if (swapped)
testContactSet.Reset(collisionObjectB, testCollisionObject);
else
testContactSet.Reset(testCollisionObject, collisionObjectB);
if (type == CollisionQueryType.Boolean)
{
collisionAlgorithm.ComputeCollision(testContactSet, CollisionQueryType.Boolean);
contactSet.HaveContact = contactSet.HaveContact || testContactSet.HaveContact;
}
else
{
// No perturbation test. Most triangle mesh shapes are either complex and automatically
// have more contacts. Or they are complex and will not be used for stacking
// where full contact sets would be needed.
testContactSet.IsPerturbationTestAllowed = false;
// TODO: Copy separating axis info and similar things into triangleContactSet.
// But currently this info is not used in the queries.
// For closest points: If we know that we have a contact, then we can make a
// faster contact query instead of a closest-point query.
CollisionQueryType queryType = (contactSet.HaveContact) ? CollisionQueryType.Contacts : type;
collisionAlgorithm.ComputeCollision(testContactSet, queryType);
contactSet.HaveContact = contactSet.HaveContact || testContactSet.HaveContact;
if (testContactSet.HaveContact && testContactSet.Count > 0 && !triangleMeshShape.IsTwoSided)
{
// To compute the triangle normal in world space we take the normal of the unscaled
// triangle and transform the normal with: (M^-1)^T = 1 / scale
Vector3F triangleNormalLocal = Vector3F.Cross(triangle.Vertex1 - triangle.Vertex0, triangle.Vertex2 - triangle.Vertex0) / scaleA;
Vector3F triangleNormal = poseA.ToWorldDirection(triangleNormalLocal);
if (triangleNormal.TryNormalize())
{
var preferredNormal = swapped ? -triangleNormal : triangleNormal;
// ----- Remove bad normal.
// Triangles are double sided, but meshes are single sided.
// --> Remove contacts where the contact normal points into the wrong direction.
ContactHelper.RemoveBadContacts(testContactSet, preferredNormal, -Numeric.EpsilonF);
if (testContactSet.Count > 0 && triangleMeshShape.EnableContactWelding)
{
var contactDotTriangle = Vector3F.Dot(testContactSet[0].Normal, preferredNormal);
if (contactDotTriangle < WeldingLimit)
{
// Bad normal. Perform welding.
Vector3F contactPositionOnTriangle = swapped
? testContactSet[0].PositionBLocal / scaleA
: testContactSet[0].PositionALocal / scaleA;
Vector3F neighborNormal;
float triangleDotNeighbor;
GetNeighborNormal(triangleIndex, triangle, contactPositionOnTriangle, triangleNormal, triangleMeshShape, poseA, scaleA, out neighborNormal, out triangleDotNeighbor);
if (triangleDotNeighbor < float.MaxValue && Numeric.IsLess(contactDotTriangle, triangleDotNeighbor))
{
// Normal is not in allowed range.
// Test again in triangle normal direction.
Contact c0 = testContactSet[0];
testContactSet.RemoveAt(0);
testContactSet.Clear();
testContactSet.PreferredNormal = preferredNormal;
collisionAlgorithm.ComputeCollision(testContactSet, queryType);
testContactSet.PreferredNormal = Vector3F.Zero;
if (testContactSet.Count > 0)
{
Contact c1 = testContactSet[0];
float contact1DotTriangle = Vector3F.Dot(c1.Normal, preferredNormal);
// We use c1 instead of c0 if it has lower penetration depth (then it is simply
// better). Or we use c1 if the penetration depth increase is in an allowed range
// and c1 has a normal in the allowed range.
if (c1.PenetrationDepth < c0.PenetrationDepth
|| Numeric.IsGreaterOrEqual(contact1DotTriangle, triangleDotNeighbor)
&& c1.PenetrationDepth < c0.PenetrationDepth + CollisionDetection.ContactPositionTolerance)
{
c0.Recycle();
c0 = c1;
testContactSet.RemoveAt(0);
contactDotTriangle = contact1DotTriangle;
}
}
if (Numeric.IsLess(contactDotTriangle, triangleDotNeighbor))
{
// Clamp contact to allowed normal:
// We keep the contact position on the mesh and the penetration depth. We set
// a new normal and compute the other related values for this normal.
if (!swapped)
{
var positionAWorld = c0.PositionAWorld;
c0.Normal = neighborNormal;
var positionBWorld = positionAWorld - c0.Normal * c0.PenetrationDepth;
c0.Position = (positionAWorld + positionBWorld) / 2;
c0.PositionBLocal = testContactSet.ObjectB.GeometricObject.Pose.ToLocalPosition(positionBWorld);
}
else
{
var positionBWorld = c0.PositionBWorld;
c0.Normal = -neighborNormal;
var positionAWorld = positionBWorld + c0.Normal * c0.PenetrationDepth;
c0.Position = (positionAWorld + positionBWorld) / 2;
c0.PositionALocal = testContactSet.ObjectA.GeometricObject.Pose.ToLocalPosition(positionAWorld);
}
}
c0.Recycle();
}
}
}
}
}
#region ----- Merge testContactSet into contactSet -----
if (testContactSet.Count > 0)
{
// Set the shape feature of the new contacts.
int numberOfContacts = testContactSet.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfContacts; i++)
{
Contact contact = testContactSet[i];
//if (contact.Lifetime.Ticks == 0) // Currently, this check is not necessary because triangleSet does not contain old contacts.
//{
if (swapped)
contact.FeatureB = triangleIndex;
else
contact.FeatureA = triangleIndex;
//}
}
// Merge the contact info.
ContactHelper.Merge(contactSet, testContactSet, type, CollisionDetection.ContactPositionTolerance);
}
#endregion
}
}