コード例 #1
0
 public IndexData(NTFSVolume volume, FileRecord fileRecord, AttributeType indexedAttributeType)
 {
     m_volume               = volume;
     m_fileRecord           = fileRecord;
     m_indexedAttributeType = indexedAttributeType;
     m_indexName            = IndexHelper.GetIndexName(indexedAttributeType);
     m_rootRecord           = (IndexRootRecord)m_fileRecord.GetAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexRoot, m_indexName);
     // I have observed the NTFS v5.1 driver keeping the IndexAllocation and associated Bitmap attributes after deleting files from the directory even though m_rootRecord.IsParentNode is set to false.
     m_indexAllocationRecord = (IndexAllocationRecord)m_fileRecord.GetAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexAllocation, m_indexName);
     m_bitmapRecord          = m_fileRecord.GetAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Bitmap, m_indexName);
     if (m_indexAllocationRecord != null && m_bitmapRecord != null)
     {
         m_indexAllocationData = new NonResidentAttributeData(m_volume, m_fileRecord, m_indexAllocationRecord);
         long numberOfUsableBits = (long)(m_indexAllocationRecord.DataLength / m_rootRecord.BytesPerIndexRecord);
         m_bitmapData = new BitmapData(m_volume, m_fileRecord, m_bitmapRecord, numberOfUsableBits);
     }
     else if (m_rootRecord.IsParentNode && m_indexAllocationRecord == null)
     {
         throw new InvalidDataException("Missing Index Allocation Record");
     }
     else if (m_rootRecord.IsParentNode && m_bitmapRecord == null)
     {
         throw new InvalidDataException("Missing Index Bitmap Record");
     }
 }
コード例 #2
0
        public void AddEntry(MftSegmentReference fileReference, byte[] key)
        {
            IndexEntry entry = new IndexEntry();

            entry.FileReference = fileReference;
            entry.Key           = key;
            if (!m_rootRecord.IsParentNode)
            {
                int insertIndex = CollationHelper.FindIndexForSortedInsert(m_rootRecord.IndexEntries, key, m_rootRecord.CollationRule);
                m_rootRecord.IndexEntries.Insert(insertIndex, entry);
                if (m_rootRecord.RecordLength >= m_volume.AttributeRecordLengthToMakeNonResident)
                {
                    if (m_indexAllocationRecord == null)
                    {
                        m_indexAllocationRecord = (IndexAllocationRecord)m_fileRecord.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexAllocation, m_indexName);
                        m_indexAllocationData   = new NonResidentAttributeData(m_volume, m_fileRecord, m_indexAllocationRecord);
                        m_bitmapRecord          = m_fileRecord.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Bitmap, m_indexName);
                        m_bitmapData            = new BitmapData(m_volume, m_fileRecord, m_bitmapRecord, 0);
                    }
                    SplitRootIndexRecord();
                }
                else
                {
                    m_volume.UpdateFileRecord(m_fileRecord);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                KeyValuePairList <int, IndexRecord> path = FindInsertPath(key);
                IndexRecord leafRecord    = path[path.Count - 1].Value;
                long        leafRecordVBN = leafRecord.RecordVBN;
                int         insertIndex   = CollationHelper.FindIndexForSortedInsert(leafRecord.IndexEntries, key, m_rootRecord.CollationRule);
                leafRecord.IndexEntries.Insert(insertIndex, entry);
                long leafRecordIndex = ConvertToRecordIndex(leafRecordVBN);
                if (leafRecord.DoesFit((int)m_rootRecord.BytesPerIndexRecord))
                {
                    WriteIndexRecord(leafRecordIndex, leafRecord);
                }
                else
                {
                    // Split index record
                    SplitIndexRecord(path);
                }
            }
        }
コード例 #3
0
        private KeyValuePairList <MftSegmentReference, FileNameRecord> GetFileNameRecordsInDirectory(long directoryBaseSegmentNumber)
        {
            FileRecord record = m_mft.GetFileRecord(directoryBaseSegmentNumber);
            KeyValuePairList <MftSegmentReference, FileNameRecord> result = null;

            if (record != null && record.IsDirectory)
            {
                IndexRootRecord       indexRoot       = (IndexRootRecord)record.GetAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexRoot, IndexRootRecord.FileNameIndexName);
                IndexAllocationRecord indexAllocation = (IndexAllocationRecord)record.GetAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexAllocation, IndexRootRecord.FileNameIndexName);

                if (indexRoot.IsLargeIndex)
                {
                    if (indexAllocation != null)
                    {
                        result = indexAllocation.GetAllEntries(this, indexRoot);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    result = indexRoot.GetSmallIndexEntries();
                }

                if (result != null)
                {
                    for (int index = 0; index < result.Count; index++)
                    {
                        if (result[index].Value.Namespace == FilenameNamespace.DOS)
                        {
                            // The same FileRecord can have multiple entries, each with it's own namespace
                            result.RemoveAt(index);
                            index--;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return(result);
        }
コード例 #4
0
        public static NTFSVolume Format(Volume volume, byte majorNTFSVersion, byte minorNTFSVersion, int bytesPerCluster, string volumeLabel)
        {
            if (volumeLabel.Length > VolumeNameRecord.MaxVolumeNameLength)
            {
                throw new InvalidNameException();
            }

            if (bytesPerCluster % volume.BytesPerSector > 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("bytesPerCluster must be a multiple of volume.BytesPerSector");
            }

            if (majorNTFSVersion != 3 || (minorNTFSVersion != 0 && minorNTFSVersion != 1))
            {
                throw new NotSupportedException();
            }

            long volumeClusterCount = (volume.Size - NTFSBootRecord.Length) / bytesPerCluster;

            // We wish to make WriteVolumeBitmap() as simple as possible so we use a multiple of ExtendGranularity to avoid having to set bits at the end of the bitmap
            volumeClusterCount = (long)Math.Floor((double)volumeClusterCount / (VolumeBitmap.ExtendGranularity * 8)) * (VolumeBitmap.ExtendGranularity * 8);
            int            sectorsPerCluster          = bytesPerCluster / volume.BytesPerSector;
            int            bytesPerFileRecordSegment  = 1024; // Supported values are 1024 or 4096 (when formatted with /L)
            int            bytesPerIndexRecord        = 4096; // Legal values are 1024, 2048 or 4096. NTFS v5.1 driver will always use 4096.
            int            bootSegmentFileSize        = 8192;
            int            bootSegmentAllocatedLength = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)bootSegmentFileSize / bytesPerCluster) * bytesPerCluster;
            FileNameRecord bootFileNameRecord         = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$Boot", false, DateTime.Now);

            bootFileNameRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)bootSegmentAllocatedLength;
            bootFileNameRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)bootSegmentFileSize;
            bootFileNameRecord.FileAttributes  = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment bootSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.BootSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.BootSegmentNumber, bootFileNameRecord);

            bootSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            NonResidentAttributeRecord bootDataRecord = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)bootSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty, false);

            bootDataRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)bootSegmentAllocatedLength;
            bootDataRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)bootSegmentFileSize;
            bootDataRecord.ValidDataLength = (ulong)bootSegmentFileSize;
            int  bootDataClusterCount = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)8192 / bytesPerCluster);
            long bootDataStartLCN     = 0;

            bootDataRecord.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(bootDataClusterCount, bootDataStartLCN));
            bootDataRecord.HighestVCN = bootDataClusterCount - 1;

            long           volumeBitmapFileSize         = (long)Math.Ceiling((double)volumeClusterCount / (VolumeBitmap.ExtendGranularity * 8)) * VolumeBitmap.ExtendGranularity;
            long           numberOfVolumeBitmapClusters = (long)Math.Ceiling((double)volumeBitmapFileSize / bytesPerCluster);
            long           volumeBitmapAllocatedLength  = numberOfVolumeBitmapClusters * bytesPerCluster;
            FileNameRecord volumeBitmapFileNameRecord   = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$Bitmap", false, DateTime.Now);

            volumeBitmapFileNameRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)volumeBitmapAllocatedLength;
            volumeBitmapFileNameRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)volumeBitmapFileSize;
            volumeBitmapFileNameRecord.FileAttributes  = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment volumeBitmapSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.BitmapSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.BitmapSegmentNumber, volumeBitmapFileNameRecord);

            volumeBitmapSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            NonResidentAttributeRecord volumeBitmapDataRecord = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)volumeBitmapSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty, false);
            long volumeBitmapStartLCN = bootDataClusterCount;

            volumeBitmapDataRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)volumeBitmapAllocatedLength;
            volumeBitmapDataRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)volumeBitmapFileSize;
            volumeBitmapDataRecord.ValidDataLength = (ulong)volumeBitmapFileSize;
            volumeBitmapDataRecord.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(numberOfVolumeBitmapClusters, volumeBitmapStartLCN));
            volumeBitmapDataRecord.HighestVCN = numberOfVolumeBitmapClusters - 1;

            int            numberOfMftRecords = 64;
            int            mftDataLength      = numberOfMftRecords * bytesPerFileRecordSegment;
            FileNameRecord mftFileNameRecord  = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$MFT", false, DateTime.Now);

            mftFileNameRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)mftDataLength;
            mftFileNameRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)mftDataLength;
            mftFileNameRecord.FileAttributes  = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment mftSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.MasterFileTableSegmentNumber, 1, mftFileNameRecord);

            mftSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            NonResidentAttributeRecord mftDataRecord = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)mftSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty, false);

            mftDataRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)mftDataLength;
            mftDataRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)mftDataLength;
            mftDataRecord.ValidDataLength = (ulong)mftDataLength;
            int  mftDataClusterCount = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)mftDataLength / bytesPerCluster);
            long mftDataStartLCN     = volumeBitmapStartLCN + numberOfVolumeBitmapClusters;

            mftDataRecord.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(mftDataClusterCount, mftDataStartLCN));
            mftDataRecord.HighestVCN = mftDataClusterCount - 1;
            NonResidentAttributeRecord mftBitmapRecord = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)mftSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Bitmap, String.Empty, false);
            int mftBitmapLength       = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)numberOfMftRecords / (BitmapData.ExtendGranularity * 8)) * BitmapData.ExtendGranularity;
            int mftBitmapClusterCount = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)mftBitmapLength / bytesPerCluster);

            mftBitmapRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)(mftBitmapClusterCount * bytesPerCluster);
            mftBitmapRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)mftBitmapLength;
            mftBitmapRecord.ValidDataLength = (ulong)mftBitmapLength;
            long mftBitmapStartLCN = mftDataStartLCN + mftDataClusterCount;

            mftBitmapRecord.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(mftBitmapClusterCount, mftBitmapStartLCN));
            mftBitmapRecord.HighestVCN = 0;

            int            bytesPerLogPage   = 4096;
            int            logFileDataLength = 512 * bytesPerLogPage;
            FileNameRecord logFileNameRecord = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$LogFile", false, DateTime.Now);

            logFileNameRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)logFileDataLength;
            logFileNameRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)logFileDataLength;
            logFileNameRecord.FileAttributes  = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment logFileSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.LogFileSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.LogFileSegmentNumber, logFileNameRecord);

            logFileSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            NonResidentAttributeRecord logFileDataRecord = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)logFileSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty, false);

            logFileDataRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)logFileDataLength;
            logFileDataRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)logFileDataLength;
            logFileDataRecord.ValidDataLength = (ulong)logFileDataLength;
            int  logFileClusterCount = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)logFileDataLength / bytesPerCluster);
            long logFileStartLCN     = mftBitmapStartLCN + mftBitmapClusterCount;

            logFileDataRecord.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(logFileClusterCount, logFileStartLCN));
            logFileDataRecord.HighestVCN = logFileClusterCount - 1;

            FileNameRecord volumeFileNameRecord = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$Volume", false, DateTime.Now);

            volumeFileNameRecord.FileAttributes = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment volumeSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.VolumeSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.VolumeSegmentNumber, volumeFileNameRecord);

            volumeSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            VolumeNameRecord volumeName = (VolumeNameRecord)volumeSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.VolumeName, String.Empty);

            volumeName.VolumeName = volumeLabel;
            VolumeInformationRecord volumeInformation = (VolumeInformationRecord)volumeSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.VolumeInformation, String.Empty);

            volumeInformation.MajorVersion = majorNTFSVersion;
            volumeInformation.MinorVersion = minorNTFSVersion;
            volumeSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty);

            long logFileDataStartSector = logFileStartLCN * sectorsPerCluster;

            WriteLogFile(volume, logFileDataStartSector, logFileDataLength, bytesPerLogPage);

            long           attributeDefinitionStartLCN        = logFileStartLCN + logFileClusterCount;
            long           attributeDefinitionStartSector     = attributeDefinitionStartLCN * sectorsPerCluster;
            int            attributeDefinitionLength          = WriteAttributeDefinition(volume, attributeDefinitionStartSector, bytesPerCluster);
            int            attributeDefinitionClusterCount    = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)attributeDefinitionLength / bytesPerCluster);
            int            attributeDefinitionAllocatedLength = attributeDefinitionClusterCount * bytesPerCluster;
            FileNameRecord attributeDefinitionFileNameRecord  = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$AttrDef", false, DateTime.Now);

            attributeDefinitionFileNameRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)attributeDefinitionAllocatedLength;
            attributeDefinitionFileNameRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)attributeDefinitionLength;
            attributeDefinitionFileNameRecord.FileAttributes  = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment attributeDefinitionSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.AttrDefSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.AttrDefSegmentNumber, attributeDefinitionFileNameRecord);

            attributeDefinitionSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            NonResidentAttributeRecord attributeDefinitionDataRecord = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)attributeDefinitionSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty, false);

            attributeDefinitionDataRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)attributeDefinitionAllocatedLength;
            attributeDefinitionDataRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)attributeDefinitionLength;
            attributeDefinitionDataRecord.ValidDataLength = (ulong)attributeDefinitionLength;
            attributeDefinitionDataRecord.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(attributeDefinitionClusterCount, attributeDefinitionStartLCN));
            attributeDefinitionDataRecord.HighestVCN = attributeDefinitionClusterCount - 1;

            FileNameRecord badClustersFileNameRecord = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$BadClus", false, DateTime.Now);

            badClustersFileNameRecord.FileAttributes = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment badClustersSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.BadClusSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.BadClusSegmentNumber, badClustersFileNameRecord);

            badClustersSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            badClustersSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty);
            NonResidentAttributeRecord badClustersData = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)badClustersSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, "$Bad", false);
            DataRun volumeDataRun = new DataRun();

            volumeDataRun.RunLength = volumeClusterCount;
            volumeDataRun.IsSparse  = true;
            badClustersData.DataRunSequence.Add(volumeDataRun);
            badClustersData.HighestVCN      = volumeClusterCount - 1;
            badClustersData.AllocatedLength = (ulong)(volumeClusterCount * bytesPerCluster);
            badClustersData.FileSize        = 0;
            badClustersData.ValidDataLength = 0;

            FileNameRecord secureFileNameRecord = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$Secure", false, DateTime.Now);

            secureFileNameRecord.FileAttributes = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment secureSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.SecureSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.SecureSegmentNumber, secureFileNameRecord);

            secureSegment.IsSpecialIndex = true;
            secureSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            secureSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, "$SDS");
            IndexRootRecord sdh = (IndexRootRecord)secureSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexRoot, "$SDH");

            IndexHelper.InitializeIndexRoot(sdh, AttributeType.None, CollationRule.SecurityHash, bytesPerIndexRecord, bytesPerCluster);
            IndexRootRecord sii = (IndexRootRecord)secureSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexRoot, "$SII");

            IndexHelper.InitializeIndexRoot(sii, AttributeType.None, CollationRule.UnsignedLong, bytesPerIndexRecord, bytesPerCluster);

            int            upcaseDataClusterCount = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)UpcaseFileLength / bytesPerCluster);
            FileNameRecord upcaseFileNameRecord   = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$UpCase", false, DateTime.Now);

            upcaseFileNameRecord.AllocatedLength = UpcaseFileLength;
            upcaseFileNameRecord.FileSize        = UpcaseFileLength;
            upcaseFileNameRecord.FileAttributes  = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment upcaseSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.UpCaseSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.UpCaseSegmentNumber, upcaseFileNameRecord);

            upcaseSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            NonResidentAttributeRecord upcaseFileDataRecord = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)upcaseSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty, false);

            upcaseFileDataRecord.AllocatedLength = UpcaseFileLength;
            upcaseFileDataRecord.FileSize        = UpcaseFileLength;
            upcaseFileDataRecord.ValidDataLength = UpcaseFileLength;
            long upcaseDataStartLCN = attributeDefinitionStartLCN + attributeDefinitionClusterCount;

            upcaseFileDataRecord.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(upcaseDataClusterCount, upcaseDataStartLCN));
            upcaseFileDataRecord.HighestVCN = upcaseDataClusterCount - 1;

            FileNameRecord extendFileNameRecord = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$Extend", true, DateTime.Now);

            extendFileNameRecord.FileAttributes = FileAttributes.System | FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.FileNameIndexPresent;
            FileRecordSegment extendSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.ExtendSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.ExtendSegmentNumber, extendFileNameRecord);

            extendSegment.IsDirectory    = true;
            extendSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            IndexRootRecord extendIndexRoot = (IndexRootRecord)extendSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexRoot, IndexHelper.GetIndexName(AttributeType.FileName));

            IndexHelper.InitializeIndexRoot(extendIndexRoot, AttributeType.FileName, CollationRule.Filename, bytesPerIndexRecord, bytesPerCluster);

            FileNameRecord mftMirrorFileNameRecord   = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, "$MFTMirr", false, DateTime.Now);
            int            mftMirrorDataLength       = 4 * bytesPerFileRecordSegment;
            int            mftMirrorDataClusterCount = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)mftMirrorDataLength / bytesPerCluster);
            int            mftMirrorAllocatedLength  = mftMirrorDataClusterCount * bytesPerCluster;

            mftMirrorFileNameRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)mftMirrorAllocatedLength;
            mftMirrorFileNameRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)mftMirrorDataLength;
            mftMirrorFileNameRecord.FileAttributes  = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System;
            FileRecordSegment mftMirrorSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.MftMirrorSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.MftMirrorSegmentNumber, mftMirrorFileNameRecord);

            mftMirrorSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;
            NonResidentAttributeRecord mftMirrorDataRecord = (NonResidentAttributeRecord)mftMirrorSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Data, String.Empty, false);

            mftMirrorDataRecord.AllocatedLength = (ulong)mftMirrorAllocatedLength;
            mftMirrorDataRecord.FileSize        = (ulong)mftMirrorDataLength;
            mftMirrorDataRecord.ValidDataLength = (ulong)mftMirrorDataLength;
            long mftMirrorDataStartLCN = upcaseDataStartLCN + upcaseDataClusterCount;

            mftMirrorDataRecord.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(mftMirrorDataClusterCount, mftMirrorDataStartLCN));
            mftMirrorDataRecord.HighestVCN = mftMirrorDataClusterCount - 1;

            FileNameRecord rootDirFileNameRecord = new FileNameRecord(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentReference, ".", true, DateTime.Now);

            rootDirFileNameRecord.FileAttributes = FileAttributes.System | FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.FileNameIndexPresent;
            FileRecordSegment rootDirSegment = CreateBaseRecordSegment(MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentNumber, (ushort)MasterFileTable.RootDirSegmentNumber, rootDirFileNameRecord);

            rootDirSegment.IsDirectory    = true;
            rootDirSegment.ReferenceCount = 1;

            IndexRecord rootDirIndexRecord = new IndexRecord();

            rootDirIndexRecord.RecordVBN = 0;
            // Note that we add the index entries according to collation rules
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(attributeDefinitionSegment.SegmentReference, attributeDefinitionFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(badClustersSegment.SegmentReference, badClustersFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(volumeBitmapSegment.SegmentReference, volumeBitmapFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(bootSegment.SegmentReference, bootFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(extendSegment.SegmentReference, extendFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(logFileSegment.SegmentReference, logFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(mftSegment.SegmentReference, mftFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(mftMirrorSegment.SegmentReference, mftMirrorFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(secureSegment.SegmentReference, secureFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(upcaseSegment.SegmentReference, upcaseFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(volumeSegment.SegmentReference, volumeFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));
            rootDirIndexRecord.IndexEntries.Add(new IndexEntry(rootDirSegment.SegmentReference, rootDirFileNameRecord.GetBytes()));

            long            rootDirIndexRecordStartLCN        = mftMirrorDataStartLCN + mftMirrorDataClusterCount;
            int             rootDirIndexRecordClusterCount    = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)bytesPerIndexRecord / bytesPerCluster);
            int             rootDirIndexRecordAllocatedLength = rootDirIndexRecordClusterCount * bytesPerCluster;
            string          rootDirIndexName = IndexHelper.GetIndexName(AttributeType.FileName);
            IndexRootRecord rootDirIndexRoot = (IndexRootRecord)rootDirSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexRoot, rootDirIndexName);

            IndexHelper.InitializeIndexRoot(rootDirIndexRoot, AttributeType.FileName, CollationRule.Filename, bytesPerIndexRecord, bytesPerCluster);
            rootDirIndexRoot.IsParentNode = true;
            IndexEntry rootEntry = new IndexEntry();

            rootEntry.ParentNodeForm = true;
            rootEntry.SubnodeVBN     = 0;
            rootDirIndexRoot.IndexEntries.Add(rootEntry);
            IndexAllocationRecord rootDirIndexAllocation = (IndexAllocationRecord)rootDirSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.IndexAllocation, rootDirIndexName, false);

            rootDirIndexAllocation.AllocatedLength = (uint)rootDirIndexRecordAllocatedLength;
            rootDirIndexAllocation.FileSize        = (uint)bytesPerIndexRecord;
            rootDirIndexAllocation.ValidDataLength = (uint)bytesPerIndexRecord;
            rootDirIndexAllocation.DataRunSequence.Add(new DataRun(rootDirIndexRecordClusterCount, rootDirIndexRecordStartLCN));
            rootDirIndexAllocation.HighestVCN = rootDirIndexRecordClusterCount - 1;
            ResidentAttributeRecord rootDirBitmap = (ResidentAttributeRecord)rootDirSegment.CreateAttributeRecord(AttributeType.Bitmap, rootDirIndexName);

            rootDirBitmap.Data = new byte[BitmapData.ExtendGranularity];
            BitmapData.SetBit(rootDirBitmap.Data, 0);

            long numberOfClustersInUse   = rootDirIndexRecordStartLCN + rootDirIndexRecordClusterCount;
            long volumeBitmapStartSector = volumeBitmapStartLCN * sectorsPerCluster;

            WriteVolumeBitmap(volume, volumeBitmapStartSector, volumeClusterCount, numberOfClustersInUse);

            long mftBitmapStartSector = mftBitmapStartLCN * sectorsPerCluster;

            WriteMftBitmap(volume, mftBitmapStartSector, numberOfMftRecords, mftBitmapLength);

            // Write MFT data
            byte[] mftData            = new byte[mftDataLength];
            long   mftDataStartSector = mftDataStartLCN * sectorsPerCluster;

            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, mftSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, mftMirrorSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, logFileSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, volumeSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, attributeDefinitionSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, rootDirSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, volumeBitmapSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, bootSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, badClustersSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, secureSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, upcaseSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, extendSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            for (long segmentNumber = MasterFileTable.ExtendSegmentNumber + 1; segmentNumber < MasterFileTable.FirstReservedSegmentNumber; segmentNumber++)
            {
                FileRecordSegment systemSegment = CreateSystemReservedSegment(segmentNumber);
                WriteFileRecordSegment(mftData, systemSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            }

            volume.WriteSectors(mftDataStartSector, mftData);

            long upcaseDataStartSector = upcaseDataStartLCN * sectorsPerCluster;

            WriteUpCaseFile(volume, upcaseDataStartSector);

            long rootDirIndexRecordStartSector = rootDirIndexRecordStartLCN * sectorsPerCluster;

            WriteIndexRecord(volume, rootDirIndexRecordStartSector, rootDirIndexRecord, bytesPerIndexRecord);

            // Write MFT mirror data
            byte[] mftMirrorData            = new byte[mftMirrorDataLength];
            long   mftMirrorDataStartSector = mftMirrorDataStartLCN * sectorsPerCluster;

            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftMirrorData, mftSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftMirrorData, mftMirrorSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftMirrorData, logFileSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            WriteFileRecordSegment(mftMirrorData, volumeSegment, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, minorNTFSVersion);
            volume.WriteSectors(mftMirrorDataStartSector, mftMirrorData);

            NTFSBootRecord bootRecord = CreateNTFSBootRecord(volumeClusterCount, sectorsPerCluster, volume.BytesPerSector, bytesPerFileRecordSegment, bytesPerIndexRecord, mftDataStartLCN, mftMirrorDataStartLCN);

            volume.WriteSectors(0, bootRecord.GetBytes());
            volume.WriteSectors(volume.TotalSectors - 1, bootRecord.GetBytes());

            return(new NTFSVolume(volume));
        }