/*
* Scan the given sequence from left to right adding new nodes as follows:
*
* 1. Position the node as the right child of the rightmost node.
*
* 2. Scan upward from the node’s parent up to the root of the tree until a node is found whose value is greater than the current value.
*
* 3. If such a node is found, set its right child to be the new node, and set the new node’s left child to be the previous right child.
*
* 4. If no such node is found, set the new child to be the root, and set the new node’s left child to be the previous tree.
*
*/
// Recursively construct subtree under given root using leftChil[] and rightchild
private CartesianNode <T> BuildLinear(int root, T[] arr, int[] parent, int[] leftchild, int[] rightchild)
{
if (root == -1)
{
return(null);
}
// Create a new node with root's data
var temp = new CartesianNode <T>(arr[root]);
// Recursively construct left and right subtrees
temp.Left = BuildLinear(leftchild[root], arr, parent, leftchild, rightchild);
temp.Right = BuildLinear(rightchild[root], arr, parent, leftchild, rightchild);
return(temp);
}
private IEnumerable <T> GetInOrderEnumerator(CartesianNode <T> node)
{
if (node.Left != null)
{
foreach (var d in GetInOrderEnumerator(node.Left))
{
yield return(d);
}
}
yield return(node.Data);
if (node.Right != null)
{
foreach (var d in GetInOrderEnumerator(node.Right))
{
yield return(d);
}
}
}
// O(n^2)
private void BuildNaive(ref CartesianNode <T> node, T[] data, int start, int end)
{
if (end < start || start < 0 || end >= data.Length)
{
return;
}
int desired = FindDesired(data, start, end);
if (desired < 0)
{
return;
}
node = new CartesianNode <T>(data[desired]);
BuildNaive(ref node.Left, data, start, desired - 1);
BuildNaive(ref node.Right, data, desired + 1, end);
}
// A function to create the Cartesian Tree in O(N) time
public void BuildLinear(T[] arr)
{
int n = arr.Length;
// Arrays to hold the index of parent, left-child,
// right-child of each number in the input array
var parent = new int[n];
var leftchild = new int[n];
var rightchild = new int[n];
// Initialize all array values as -1
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
parent[i] = -1;
leftchild[i] = -1;
rightchild[i] = -1;
}
// 'root' and 'last' stores the index of the root and the last
// processed of the Cartesian Tree. Initially we take root of the
// Cartesian Tree as the first element of the input array. This can
// change according to the algorithm
int root = 0, last;
// Starting from the second element of the input array to the last
// one, scan across the elements, adding them one at a time.
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
{
last = i - 1;
rightchild[i] = -1;
// Scan upward from the node's parent up to the root of the tree
// until a node is found whose value is greater than the current
// one. This is the same as Step 2 mentioned in the algorithm
while (Compare(arr[last], arr[i]) <= 0 && last != root)
{
last = parent[last];
}
// arr[i] is the largest element yet; make it new root
if (Compare(arr[last], arr[i]) <= 0)
{
parent[root] = i;
leftchild[i] = root;
root = i;
}
// Just insert it
else if (rightchild[last] == -1)
{
rightchild[last] = i;
parent[i] = last;
leftchild[i] = -1;
}
// Reconfigure links
else
{
parent[rightchild[last]] = i;
leftchild[i] = rightchild[last];
rightchild[last] = i;
parent[i] = last;
}
}
// Since the root of the Cartesian Tree has no parent, so we assign it -1
parent[root] = -1;
Root = BuildLinear(root, arr, parent, leftchild, rightchild);
}