/// <summary>
/// This function reads data from the specific BLE characteristic
/// </summary>
/// <param name="param"></param>
//static async Task<int> ReadCharacteristic(string param)
//{
// int retVal = 0;
// if (_selectedDevice != null)
// {
// if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(param))
// {
// List<BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay> chars = new List<BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay>();
// string charName = string.Empty;
// var parts = param.Split('/');
// // Do we have parameter is in "service/characteristic" format?
// if (parts.Length == 2)
// {
// string serviceName = Utilities.GetIdByNameOrNumber(_services, parts[0]);
// charName = parts[1];
// // If device is found, connect to device and enumerate all services
// if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(serviceName))
// {
// var attr = _services.FirstOrDefault(s => s.Name.Equals(serviceName));
// IReadOnlyList<GattCharacteristic> characteristics = new List<GattCharacteristic>();
// try
// {
// // Ensure we have access to the device.
// var accessStatus = await attr.service.RequestAccessAsync();
// if (accessStatus == DeviceAccessStatus.Allowed)
// {
// var result = await attr.service.GetCharacteristicsAsync(BluetoothCacheMode.Uncached);
// if (result.Status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
// characteristics = result.Characteristics;
// }
// }
// catch (Exception ex)
// {
// Console.WriteLine($"Restricted service. Can't read characteristics: {ex.Message}");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// foreach (var c in characteristics)
// chars.Add(new BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay(c));
// }
// }
// else if (parts.Length == 1)
// {
// if (_selectedService == null)
// {
// if(!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
// Console.WriteLine("No service is selected.");
// }
// chars = new List<BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay>(_characteristics);
// charName = parts[0];
// }
// // Read characteristic
// if (chars.Count > 0 && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(charName))
// {
// string useName = Utilities.GetIdByNameOrNumber(chars, charName);
// var attr = chars.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Name.Equals(useName));
// if (attr != null && attr.characteristic != null)
// {
// // Read characteristic value
// GattReadResult result = await attr.characteristic.ReadValueAsync(BluetoothCacheMode.Uncached);
// if (result.Status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
// Console.WriteLine(Utilities.FormatValue(result.Value, _dataFormat));
// else
// {
// Console.WriteLine($"Read failed: {result.Status}");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// }
// else
// {
// Console.WriteLine($"Invalid characteristic {charName}");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// }
// else
// {
// Console.WriteLine("Nothing to read, please specify characteristic name or #.");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// }
// else
// {
// Console.WriteLine("Nothing to read, please specify characteristic name or #.");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// }
// else
// {
// Console.WriteLine("No BLE device connected.");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// return retVal;
//}
/// <summary>
/// This function writes data from the specific BLE characteristic
/// </summary>
/// <param name="param">
/// parameters should be:
/// [char_name] or [service_name/char_name] - specific characteristics
/// [data_value] - data to write; data will be interpreted depending of current display format,
/// wrong data format will cause write fail
/// </param>
/// <param name="userInput">
/// we need whole user input (trimmed from spaces on beginning) in case of text input with spaces at the end
//static async Task<int> WriteCharacteristic(string param)
//{
// int retVal = 0;
// if (_selectedDevice != null)
// {
// if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(param))
// {
// List<BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay> chars = new List<BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay>();
// string charName = string.Empty;
// // First, split data from char name (it should be a second param)
// var parts = param.Split(' ');
// if (parts.Length < 2)
// {
// Console.WriteLine("Insufficient data for write, please provide characteristic name and data.");
// retVal += 1;
// return retVal;
// }
// // Now try to convert data to the byte array by current format
// string data = param.Substring(parts[0].Length + 1);
// if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data))
// {
// Console.WriteLine("Insufficient data for write.");
// retVal += 1;
// return retVal;
// }
// var buffer = Utilities.FormatData(data, _dataFormat);
// if (buffer != null)
// {
// // Now process service/characteristic names
// var charNames = parts[0].Split('/');
// // Do we have parameter is in "service/characteristic" format?
// if (charNames.Length == 2)
// {
// string serviceName = Utilities.GetIdByNameOrNumber(_services, charNames[0]);
// charName = charNames[1];
// // If device is found, connect to device and enumerate all services
// if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(serviceName))
// {
// var attr = _services.FirstOrDefault(s => s.Name.Equals(serviceName));
// IReadOnlyList<GattCharacteristic> characteristics = new List<GattCharacteristic>();
// try
// {
// // Ensure we have access to the device.
// var accessStatus = await attr.service.RequestAccessAsync();
// if (accessStatus == DeviceAccessStatus.Allowed)
// {
// var result = await attr.service.GetCharacteristicsAsync(BluetoothCacheMode.Uncached);
// if (result.Status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
// characteristics = result.Characteristics;
// }
// foreach (var c in characteristics)
// chars.Add(new BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay(c));
// }
// catch (Exception ex)
// {
// Console.WriteLine($"Restricted service. Can't read characteristics: {ex.Message}");
// retVal += 1;
// return retVal;
// }
// }
// }
// else if (charNames.Length == 1)
// {
// if (_selectedService == null)
// {
// if(!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
// Console.WriteLine("No service is selected.");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// chars = new List<BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay>(_characteristics);
// charName = parts[0];
// }
// // Write characteristic
// if (chars.Count > 0 && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(charName))
// {
// string useName = Utilities.GetIdByNameOrNumber(chars, charName);
// var attr = chars.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Name.Equals(useName));
// if (attr != null && attr.characteristic != null)
// {
// // Write data to characteristic
// GattWriteResult result = await attr.characteristic.WriteValueWithResultAsync(buffer);
// if (result.Status != GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
// {
// if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
// Console.WriteLine($"Write failed: {result.Status}");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// }
// else
// {
// if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
// Console.WriteLine($"Invalid characteristic {charName}");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// }
// else
// {
// if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
// Console.WriteLine("Please specify characteristic name or # for writing.");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// }
// else
// {
// if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
// Console.WriteLine("Incorrect data format.");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// }
// }
// else
// {
// if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
// Console.WriteLine("No BLE device connected.");
// retVal += 1;
// }
// return retVal;
////}
/// <summary>
/// This function used to add "ValueChanged" event subscription
/// </summary>
/// <param name="param"></param>
static async Task <int> SubscribeToCharacteristic(string param)
{
int retVal = 0;
if (_selectedDevice != null)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(param))
{
List <BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay> chars = new List <BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay>();
string charName = string.Empty;
var parts = param.Split('/');
// Do we have parameter is in "service/characteristic" format?
if (parts.Length == 2)
{
string serviceName = Utilities.GetIdByNameOrNumber(_services, parts[0]);
charName = parts[1];
// If device is found, connect to device and enumerate all services
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(serviceName))
{
var attr = _services.FirstOrDefault(s => s.Name.Equals(serviceName));
IReadOnlyList <GattCharacteristic> characteristics = new List <GattCharacteristic>();
try
{
// Ensure we have access to the device.
var accessStatus = await attr.service.RequestAccessAsync();
if (accessStatus == DeviceAccessStatus.Allowed)
{
var result = await attr.service.GetCharacteristicsAsync(BluetoothCacheMode.Uncached);
if (result.Status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
{
characteristics = result.Characteristics;
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Restricted service. Can't subscribe to characteristics: {ex.Message}");
}
retVal += 1;
}
foreach (var c in characteristics)
{
chars.Add(new BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay(c));
}
}
}
else if (parts.Length == 1)
{
if (_selectedService == null)
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("No service is selected.");
}
retVal += 1;
return(retVal);
}
chars = new List <BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay>(_characteristics);
charName = parts[0];
}
// Read characteristic
if (chars.Count > 0 && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(charName))
{
string useName = Utilities.GetIdByNameOrNumber(chars, charName);
var attr = chars.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Name.Equals(useName));
if (attr != null && attr.characteristic != null)
{
// First, check for existing subscription
if (!_subscribers.Contains(attr.characteristic))
{
var status = await attr.characteristic.WriteClientCharacteristicConfigurationDescriptorAsync(GattClientCharacteristicConfigurationDescriptorValue.Notify);
if (status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
{
_subscribers.Add(attr.characteristic);
attr.characteristic.ValueChanged += Characteristic_ValueChanged;
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Can't subscribe to characteristic {useName}");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Already subscribed to characteristic {useName}");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Invalid characteristic {useName}");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("Nothing to subscribe, please specify characteristic name or #.");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("Nothing to subscribe, please specify characteristic name or #.");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("No BLE device connected.");
}
retVal += 1;
}
return(retVal);
}
/// <summary>
/// Connect to the specific device by name or number, and make this device current
/// </summary>
/// <param name="deviceName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
static async Task <int> OpenDevice(string deviceName)
{
int retVal = 0;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(deviceName))
{
var devs = _deviceList.OrderBy(d => d.Name).Where(d => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(d.Name)).ToList();
string foundId = Utilities.GetIdByNameOrNumber(devs, deviceName);
// If device is found, connect to device and enumerate all services
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(foundId))
{
_selectedCharacteristic = null;
_selectedService = null;
_services.Clear();
try
{
// only allow for one connection to be open at a time
if (_selectedDevice != null)
{
CloseDevice();
}
_selectedDevice = await BluetoothLEDevice.FromIdAsync(foundId).AsTask().TimeoutAfter(_timeout);
if (!Console.IsInputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Connecting to {_selectedDevice.Name}.");
}
var result = await _selectedDevice.GetGattServicesAsync(BluetoothCacheMode.Uncached);
if (result.Status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
{
if (!Console.IsInputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Found {result.Services.Count} services:");
}
for (int i = 0; i < result.Services.Count; i++)
{
var serviceToDisplay = new BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay(result.Services[i]);
_services.Add(serviceToDisplay);
if (!Console.IsInputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"#{i:00}: {_services[i].Name}");
}
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"Device {deviceName} is unreachable.");
retVal += 1;
}
}
catch
{
Console.WriteLine($"Device {deviceName} is unreachable.");
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Device name can not be empty.");
retVal += 1;
}
return(retVal);
}
/// <summary>
/// Set active service for current device
/// </summary>
/// <param name="parameters"></param>
static async Task <int> SetService(string serviceName)
{
int retVal = 0;
if (_selectedDevice != null)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(serviceName))
{
string foundName = Utilities.GetIdByNameOrNumber(_services, serviceName);
// If device is found, connect to device and enumerate all services
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(foundName))
{
var attr = _services.FirstOrDefault(s => s.Name.Equals(foundName));
IReadOnlyList <GattCharacteristic> characteristics = new List <GattCharacteristic>();
try
{
// Ensure we have access to the device.
var accessStatus = await attr.service.RequestAccessAsync();
if (accessStatus == DeviceAccessStatus.Allowed)
{
// BT_Code: Get all the child characteristics of a service. Use the cache mode to specify uncached characterstics only
// and the new Async functions to get the characteristics of unpaired devices as well.
var result = await attr.service.GetCharacteristicsAsync(BluetoothCacheMode.Uncached);
if (result.Status == GattCommunicationStatus.Success)
{
characteristics = result.Characteristics;
_selectedService = attr;
_characteristics.Clear();
if (!Console.IsInputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Selected service {attr.Name}.");
}
if (characteristics.Count > 0)
{
for (int i = 0; i < characteristics.Count; i++)
{
var charToDisplay = new BluetoothLEAttributeDisplay(characteristics[i]);
_characteristics.Add(charToDisplay);
if (!Console.IsInputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"#{i:00}: {charToDisplay.Name}\t{charToDisplay.Chars}");
}
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("Service don't have any characteristic.");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("Error accessing service.");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
// Not granted access
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("Error accessing service.");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Restricted service. Can't read characteristics: {ex.Message}");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("Invalid service name or number");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("Invalid service name or number");
}
retVal += 1;
}
}
else
{
if (!Console.IsOutputRedirected)
{
Console.WriteLine("Nothing to use, no BLE device connected.");
}
retVal += 1;
}
return(retVal);
}
/// <summary>
/// Event handler for ValueChanged callback
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="args"></param>
static void Characteristic_ValueChanged(GattCharacteristic sender, GattValueChangedEventArgs args)
{
if (_primed)
{
// reference on parsing HR values: https://developer.polar.com/wiki/H6,_H7,_H10_and_OH1_Heart_rate_sensors#Bluetooth_LE_API_for_Windows_10
//var newValue = Utilities.FormatValue(args.CharacteristicValue, _dataFormat);
var newValue = Utilities.FormatValue(args.CharacteristicValue, DataFormat.Dec);
// read just the second byte for HR value
byte[] data;
CryptographicBuffer.CopyToByteArray(args.CharacteristicValue, out data);
var hrValue = (int)data[1];// + (data[2] << 8);
bool rrPresent = ((data[0] & 0x10) >> 4) != 0;
//if (Console.IsInputRedirected) Console.Write($"{newValue}");
//else Console.Write($"Value changed for {sender.Uuid}: {newValue}\n");
Console.Write($"HR {hrValue}");
// to hold hrSample for LSL outlet
double[] hrSample = { hrValue, -1.0, -1.0 };
if (rrPresent)
{
int rrValue = data[2] + (data[3] << 8);
Console.Write($"\trr interval: {rrValue}");
rrMovingAverage.AddObservation(rrValue);
hrSample[1] = rrValue;
if (rrMovingAverage.HasFullPeriod)
{
var rrStdDev = rrMovingAverage.StandardDeviation;
Console.Write($"\tstd dev rr: {rrStdDev}");
hrSample[2] = rrStdDev;
}
// push data to LSL outlet
}
outlet.push_sample(hrSample);
Console.Write("\n");
//if (_notifyCompleteEvent != null)
//{
// _notifyCompleteEvent.Set();
// _notifyCompleteEvent = null;
//}
}
else
{
_primed = true;
}
}
