public GameBoard(MinMax node_type, GameBoard parent)
{
//parents and children
this.parent = parent;
this.children = new List<GameBoard>();
this.board = parent.CopyBoard();
if (node_type == MinMax.Max)
{
this.node_type = MinMax.Max;
this.alpha = 0;
}
else
{
this.node_type = MinMax.Min;
this.beta = 0;
}
}
public static void displayBoard(GameBoard gameBoard)
{
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------------");
int counter = 0;
while (counter < 4)
{
displayPieceColour(gameBoard.GetGamePiece(counter, 3).colour, gameBoard.GetGamePiece(counter, 3).stones);
counter++;
}
Console.WriteLine("|");
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------------");
counter = 0;
while (counter < 4)
{
displayPieceColour(gameBoard.GetGamePiece(counter, 2).colour, gameBoard.GetGamePiece(counter, 2).stones);
counter++;
}
Console.WriteLine("|");
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------------");
counter = 0;
while (counter < 4)
{
displayPieceColour(gameBoard.GetGamePiece(counter, 1).colour, gameBoard.GetGamePiece(counter, 1).stones);
counter++;
}
Console.WriteLine("|");
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------------");
counter = 0;
while (counter < 4)
{
displayPieceColour(gameBoard.GetGamePiece(counter, 0).colour, gameBoard.GetGamePiece(counter, 0).stones);
counter++;
}
Console.WriteLine("|");
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------------");
return;
}
// default constructor
public GameBoard()
{
//parents and children
this.parent = null;
this.children = new List<GameBoard>();
this.board = new GamePiece[4,4]; //the game board - 4x4 array
for (int i = 0; i <= 3; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j <= 3; j++)
{
this.board[i, j] = new GamePiece(Colour.NONE, 0);
}
}
this.board[0, 3].stones = 10; //player 1 - BLACK stones (them)
this.board[0, 3].colour = Colour.BLACK; //MIN
this.board[3, 0].stones = 10; //player2 - WHITE stones (us)
this.board[3, 0].colour = Colour.WHITE; //MAX
this.node_type = MinMax.Null;
}
//Add children
public bool AddChildren(GameBoard child)
{
this.children.Add(child);
return true;
}
//set methods
public bool SetParent(GameBoard parent)
{
this.parent = parent;
return true;
}
static void MinimaxSearch()
{
/*
alpha-beta(player,board,alpha,beta)
if(game over in current board position)
return winner
children = all legal moves for player from this board
*/
//starting game position (default)
GameBoard parent = new GameBoard();
parent.SetNodeType(GameBoard.MinMax.Min);
int total_moves = 0;
/*
//forced loss test
parent.SetStones(0, 0, 10, Colour.WHITE);
parent.SetStones(1, 0, 3, Colour.BLACK);
parent.SetStones(0, 1, 3, Colour.BLACK);
parent.SetStones(1, 1, 4, Colour.BLACK);
parent.SetStones(3, 0, 0, Colour.NONE);
parent.SetStones(0, 3, 0, Colour.NONE);
*/
Console.WriteLine("Starting move:");
displayBoard(parent);
bool turn = false; //turn 0 = player's turn(black,min), turn 1 = our turn(white,max)
GameBoard next_move = null;
//while we still have moves left, or haven't played over 1000 moves
while(total_moves < 5000)
{
if (turn == false)//their turn (BLACK)
{
Console.WriteLine("Black - Their Move / Player 1");
//Random moves :(
//choose random child
int moves = parent.GetChildren().Count;
if (moves <= 0)
{
moves = CalculateMoves(parent);
}
//player 2 wins
if (moves == 0)
{
break;
}
Random random_number = new Random();
int black_move = random_number.Next(parent.GetChildren().Count - 1);
next_move = parent.GetChildren().ElementAt(black_move);
//parent.SetAlphaBetaValue(next_move.GetAlphaBetaValue());
turn = true;
}
else //my move (WHITE)
{
Console.WriteLine("White - My Move / Player 2");
//GameBoard start_move = parent; // CalculateMaxMove(parent); //current node is a beta
next_move = parent;
//GameBoard next_move_tmp = start_move;
int counter = 0;
//iterative deepening
int internal_counter = 1; //keep adding one more iteration
while (internal_counter > counter)
{
int moves = 0;
if (next_move.GetChildren().Count > 0)
{
moves = next_move.GetChildren().Count;
}
else
{
moves = CalculateMoves(next_move);
}
//player 1 wins-need to avoid
if (moves == 0)
{
break;
}
if (parent.GetNodeType() == GameBoard.MinMax.Min)
{
if (CalculateMaxMove(next_move) == null) //end node
{
break;
}
next_move = CalculateMaxMove(next_move);
}
else
{
if (CalculateMinMove(next_move) == null) //end node
{
break;
}
next_move = CalculateMinMove(next_move);
}
counter++;
if (counter == internal_counter && internal_counter < 50) //deepen search
{
internal_counter = internal_counter + 1;
}
}
while (next_move.GetParent().GetParent() != null)
{
next_move = next_move.GetParent();
}
turn = false;
}
Console.WriteLine("Move #: " + total_moves);
displayBoard(next_move);
parent = next_move;
total_moves++;
next_move.SetParent(null); //get rid of useless nodes
System.GC.Collect(); // parent is always root node
}
//TIE
if (next_move.GetChildren().Count > 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("NO winner. Try again...");
return;
}
//WINNER
if (next_move.GetNodeType() == GameBoard.MinMax.Max)
{
Console.WriteLine("Player 1 wins");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Computer wins");
}
return;
}
static int CheckTwoSquares(GameBoard board, GameBoard.MinMax child_type, Colour player_colour, int x, int y,
int a, int b, int c, int d, int moves)
{
//check boundary of array
if (a >= 0 && a <= 3 && b >= 0 && b <= 3)
{
//check adjacent square is empty
if (board.ReturnPosition(a, b).stones == 0 || board.ReturnPosition(a, b).colour == player_colour)
{
if (c >= 0 && c <= 3 && d >= 0 && d <= 3)
{
if (board.ReturnPosition(c, d).stones == 0 || board.ReturnPosition(c, d).colour == player_colour)
{
//new child
GameBoard child = new GameBoard(child_type, board);
int stones = child.ReturnPosition(x, y).stones;
child.SetStones(x, y, 0, player_colour);
int original_stones = child.ReturnPosition(a, b).stones;
child.SetStones(a, b, original_stones + 1, player_colour); //first square
stones--; //one stone moved into a,b
original_stones = child.ReturnPosition(c, d).stones; //rest of stones moved into c,d
child.SetStones(c, d, stones + original_stones, player_colour); //second square
//add child to parent
board.AddChildren(child);
//displayBoard(child);
moves++;
}else
{
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
}
}
else
{
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
}
}else
{
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
}
}
return moves;
}
static int CheckAdjacentMove(GameBoard board, GameBoard.MinMax child_type, Colour player_colour, int x, int y, int a, int b,
int moves)
{
//check boundary of array
if (a >= 0 && a <= 3 && b >= 0 && b <= 3)
{
//check adjacent square is empty
if (board.ReturnPosition(a, b).stones == 0 || board.ReturnPosition(a, b).colour == player_colour)
{
//new child
GameBoard child = new GameBoard(child_type, board);
int stones = child.ReturnPosition(x, y).stones;
child.SetStones(x, y, 0, player_colour);
int original_stones = child.ReturnPosition(a, b).stones; //adjacent square
child.SetStones(a, b, stones+original_stones, player_colour);
//add child to parent
board.AddChildren(child);
//displayBoard(child);
moves++;
}
}
return moves;
}
static int CalculateMoves(GameBoard board)
{
/* goes through all the possible moves
* on a gameboard
* returns number of moves
*/
int moves = 0;
Colour player_colour = Colour.NONE;
GameBoard.MinMax child_type = GameBoard.MinMax.Null;
if (board.GetNodeType() == GameBoard.MinMax.Max)
{
player_colour = Colour.BLACK;
child_type = GameBoard.MinMax.Min;
}else if (board.GetNodeType() == GameBoard.MinMax.Min)
{
player_colour = Colour.WHITE;
child_type = GameBoard.MinMax.Max;
}
for (int x = 0; x <= 3; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y <= 3; y++)
{
if (board.ReturnPosition(x,y).stones > 0 && board.ReturnPosition(x,y).colour == player_colour)
{
//if statement to sort number of stones
//1-2 stones = 1 square
if (board.ReturnPosition(x, y).stones == 1 || board.ReturnPosition(x, y).stones == 2)
{
//north
int a = x;
int b = y + 1;
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
//south
a = x;
b = y - 1;
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
//east
a = x - 1;
b = y;
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
//west
a = x + 1;
b = y;
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
//ne
a = x + 1;
b = y - 1;
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
//nw
a = x - 1;
b = y - 1;
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
//se
a = x + 1;
b = y + 1;
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
//sw
a = x - 1;
b = y + 1;
moves = CheckAdjacentMove(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, moves);
}
else if (board.ReturnPosition(x, y).stones == 3)//3 stones = 2 squares
{
//north x2
int a = x;
int b = y + 1;
int c = x;
int d = y + 2;
moves = CheckTwoSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, moves);
//south x2
a = x;
b = y - 1;
c = x;
d = y - 2;
moves = CheckTwoSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, moves);
//eastx2
a = x - 1;
b = y;
c = x - 2;
d = y;
moves = CheckTwoSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, moves);
//westx2
a = x + 1;
b = y;
c = x + 2;
d = y;
moves = CheckTwoSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, moves);
//nex2
a = x + 1;
b = y - 1;
c = x + 2;
d = y - 2;
moves = CheckTwoSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, moves);
//nwx2
a = x - 1;
b = y - 1;
c = x - 2;
d = y - 2;
moves = CheckTwoSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, moves);
//se x2
a = x + 1;
b = y + 1;
c = x + 2;
d = y + 2;
moves = CheckTwoSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, moves);
//swx2
a = x - 1;
b = y + 1;
c = x - 2;
d = y + 2;
moves = CheckTwoSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, moves);
}
else // 4+ stones = 3 squares
{
//north x3
int a = x;
int b = y + 1;
int c = x;
int d = y + 2;
int e = x;
int f = y + 3;
moves = CheckThreeSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, e, f, moves);
//south x3
a = x;
b = y - 1;
c = x;
d = y - 2;
e = x;
f = y - 3;
moves = CheckThreeSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, e, f, moves);
//westx3
a = x - 1;
b = y;
c = x - 2;
d = y;
e = x - 3;
f = y;
moves = CheckThreeSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, e, f, moves);
//eastx3
a = x + 1;
b = y;
c = x + 2;
d = y;
e = x + 3;
f = y;
moves = CheckThreeSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, e, f, moves);
//nex3
a = x + 1;
b = y + 1;
c = x + 2;
d = y + 2;
e = x + 3;
f = y + 3;
moves = CheckThreeSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, e, f, moves);
//nwx3 //---------????
a = x - 1;
b = y + 1;
c = x - 2;
d = y + 2;
e = x - 3;
f = y + 3;
moves = CheckThreeSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, e, f, moves);
//se x3
a = x + 1;
b = y - 1;
c = x + 2;
d = y - 2;
e = x + 3;
f = y - 3;
moves = CheckThreeSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, e, f, moves);
//swx3
a = x - 1;
b = y - 1;
c = x - 2;
d = y - 2;
e = x - 3;
f = y - 3;
moves = CheckThreeSquares(board, child_type, player_colour, x, y, a, b, c, d, e, f, moves);
}
}
}
}
//store moves in parent - number of squares covereed - failed eval fxn
/* int squares = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < 4; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < 4; y++)
{
if (board.ReturnPosition(x, y).colour == player_colour)
{
squares++;
}
}
}
board.SetAlphaBetaValue(squares);
return squares;
*/
board.SetAlphaBetaValue(moves);
return moves;
}
static GameBoard CalculateMinMove(GameBoard parent)
{
/* Beta values are stored in the min nodes
* Beta value = min(alpha Values of max nodes)
* Because we want to maximize our moves
*
*/
if (parent.GetChildren().Count <= 0)
{
CalculateMoves(parent);
}
GameBoard worst_child = null;
if (parent.GetChildren().Count > 0)
{
worst_child = parent.GetChildren().ElementAt(0);
foreach (GameBoard child in parent.GetChildren())
{
if (CalculateMoves(child) <= parent.GetAlphaBetaValue())
{
worst_child = child;
parent.SetAlphaBetaValue(worst_child.GetAlphaBetaValue());
}
}
return worst_child;
}
return null;
}
static GameBoard CalculateMaxMove(GameBoard parent)
{
/* Alpha values are stored in the max nodes
* Alpha value = max(children's Beta Values of min nodes)
* Because we want to minimize opponent moves *
*/
if (parent.GetChildren().Count <= 0)
{
CalculateMoves(parent);
}
GameBoard best_child = null;
if (parent.GetChildren().Count > 0)
{
best_child = parent.GetChildren().ElementAt(0); //best is first child
foreach (GameBoard child in parent.GetChildren())
{
if (CalculateMoves(child) >= parent.GetAlphaBetaValue()) //get max
{
best_child = child; //new best child
parent.SetAlphaBetaValue(best_child.GetAlphaBetaValue());
}
}
return best_child;
}
return null;
}
static int CalculateAlphaBeta(GameBoard parent, int depth, int alpha, int beta, GameBoard.MinMax player)
{
int moves = 0;
if (parent.GetChildren().Count == 0) //if there are no children for this node
{
moves = CalculateMoves(parent);
}
else
{
moves = parent.GetChildren().Count;
}
if (moves == 0 || depth == 0) //terminal node
{
return parent.GetAlphaBetaValue(); //return non null value
}
if (player == GameBoard.MinMax.Max) //max player
{
foreach (GameBoard child in parent.GetChildren())
{
//children are min nodes
alpha = Math.Max(alpha, CalculateAlphaBeta(child, depth-1, alpha, beta, child.GetNodeType()));
child.SetAlphaBetaValue(alpha);
if(beta <= alpha)
{
parent.GetChildren().Remove(child);
break;
}
}
return alpha;
}
else //min player
{
foreach (GameBoard child in parent.GetChildren())
{
//children are max nodes
beta = Math.Min(beta, CalculateAlphaBeta(child, depth-1, alpha, beta, child.GetNodeType()));
child.SetAlphaBetaValue(beta);
if (beta <= alpha)
{
parent.GetChildren().Remove(child);
break;
}
}
return beta;
}
}
static void AlphaBetaSearch()
{
GameBoard parent = new GameBoard();
parent.SetNodeType(GameBoard.MinMax.Min);
int total_moves = 0;
Console.WriteLine("Starting move:");
displayBoard(parent);
CalculateMoves(parent);
bool turn = false; //turn 0 = player's turn(black,min), turn 1 = our turn(white,max)
GameBoard next_move = parent;
while (total_moves < 5000)
{
if (turn == false)//their turn (BLACK)
{
Console.WriteLine("Their Move / Player 1");
//next_move = CalculateBeta(parent);
//Random Agent :(
//choose random child
if (parent.GetChildren().Count <= 0)
{
CalculateMoves(parent);
}
if (parent.GetChildren().Count <= 0)
{
break; //win condition for player 2
}
Random random_number = new Random();
int black_move = random_number.Next(parent.GetChildren().Count - 1);
next_move = parent.GetChildren().ElementAt(black_move);
turn = true;
}
else //my move (WHITE)
{
Console.WriteLine("My Move / Player 2");
//next_move = null;
int best = 100000;
if (parent.GetChildren().Count <= 0)
{
CalculateMoves(parent);
}
if (parent.GetChildren().Count <= 0)
{
break; //win condition for player 1
}
//the parent is a max node (next_move)
//the children are min nodes
Collection<GameBoard> potentialMoves = new Collection<GameBoard>();
foreach (GameBoard child in parent.GetChildren())
{
CalculateAlphaBeta(child, 3, -100000, best, GameBoard.MinMax.Min);
if (child.GetAlphaBetaValue() < best)
{
best = child.GetAlphaBetaValue();
potentialMoves.Clear();
potentialMoves.Add(child);
}
else if (child.GetAlphaBetaValue() == best)
{
potentialMoves.Add(child);
}
}
Random random_number = new Random();
int white_move = random_number.Next(potentialMoves.Count - 1);
next_move = potentialMoves.ElementAt(white_move);
potentialMoves.Clear();
parent.SetAlphaBetaValue(best);
//System.GC.Collect();
turn = false;
}
//each move
Console.WriteLine("Move #: " + total_moves);
displayBoard(next_move);
parent = next_move;
total_moves++;
next_move.SetParent(null);
System.GC.Collect();
}
//WINNER
if (next_move.GetNodeType() == GameBoard.MinMax.Max)
{
Console.WriteLine("Player 1 wins");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Computer wins");
}
}