/// <summary>
/// Inject keyboard input into the system
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">indicates the key pressed or released. Can be one of the constants defined in the Key enum</param>
/// <param name="press">true to inject a key press, false to inject a key release</param>
///
/// <outside_see conditional="false">
/// This API does not work inside the secure execution environment.
/// <exception cref="System.Security.Permissions.SecurityPermission"/>
/// </outside_see>
internal static void SendKeyboardInputInternal(System.Windows.Input.Key key, bool press)
{
//CASRemoval:AutomationPermission.Demand( AutomationPermissionFlag.Input );
UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT ki = new UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT();
ki.type = UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT_KEYBOARD;
ki.union.keyboardInput.wVk = (short)KeyInterop.VirtualKeyFromKey(key);
ki.union.keyboardInput.wScan = (short)UnsafeNativeMethods.MapVirtualKey(ki.union.keyboardInput.wVk, 0);
int dwFlags = 0;
if (ki.union.keyboardInput.wScan > 0)
{
dwFlags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_SCANCODE;
}
if (!press)
{
dwFlags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
}
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = dwFlags;
if (IsExtendedKey(key))
{
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY;
}
ki.union.keyboardInput.time = 0;
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwExtraInfo = new IntPtr(0);
if (UnsafeNativeMethods.SendInput(1, ref ki, Marshal.SizeOf(ki)) == 0)
{
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------
//
// Internal Methods
//
//------------------------------------------------------
#region Internal Methods
//
// Inject keyboard input into the system
//
internal static void SendKeyboardInput(Key key, bool press)
{
UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT ki = new UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT();
ki.type = UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT_KEYBOARD;
ki.union.keyboardInput.wVk = (short)KeyInterop.VirtualKeyFromKey(key);
ki.union.keyboardInput.wScan = (short)UnsafeNativeMethods.MapVirtualKey(ki.union.keyboardInput.wVk, 0);
int dwFlags = 0;
if (ki.union.keyboardInput.wScan > 0)
{
dwFlags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_SCANCODE;
}
if (!press)
{
dwFlags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
}
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = dwFlags;
if (IsExtendedKey(key))
{
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY;
}
ki.union.keyboardInput.time = 0;
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwExtraInfo = new IntPtr(0);
Misc.SendInput(1, ref ki, Marshal.SizeOf(ki));
}
internal static int SendInput(int nInputs, ref UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT mi, int cbSize)
{
int result = UnsafeNativeMethods.SendInput(nInputs, ref mi, cbSize);
int lastWin32Error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
if (result == 0)
{
ThrowWin32ExceptionsIfError(lastWin32Error);
}
return(result);
}
// Used internally by the HWND SetFocus code - it sends a hotkey to
// itself - because it uses a VK that's not on the keyboard, it needs
// to send the VK directly, not the scan code, which regular
// SendKeyboardInput does.
internal static void SendKeyboardInputVK(byte vk, bool press)
{
UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT ki = new UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT();
ki.type = UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT_KEYBOARD;
ki.union.keyboardInput.wVk = vk;
ki.union.keyboardInput.wScan = 0;
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = press ? 0 : UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
ki.union.keyboardInput.time = 0;
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwExtraInfo = new IntPtr(0);
Misc.SendInput(1, ref ki, Marshal.SizeOf(ki));
}
//------------------------------------------------------
//
// Public Methods
//
//------------------------------------------------------
#region Public Methods
/// <summary>
/// Inject pointer input into the system
/// </summary>
/// <param name="x">x coordinate of pointer, if Move flag specified</param>
/// <param name="y">y coordinate of pointer, if Move flag specified</param>
/// <param name="data">wheel movement, or mouse X button, depending on flags</param>
/// <param name="flags">flags to indicate which type of input occurred - move, button press/release, wheel move, etc.</param>
/// <remarks>x, y are in pixels. If Absolute flag used, are relative to desktop origin.</remarks>
///
/// <outside_see conditional="false">
/// This API does not work inside the secure execution environment.
/// <exception cref="System.Security.Permissions.SecurityPermission"/>
/// </outside_see>
public static void SendMouseInput(double x, double y, int data, SendMouseInputFlags flags)
{
//CASRemoval:AutomationPermission.Demand( AutomationPermissionFlag.Input );
int intflags = (int)flags;
if ((intflags & (int)SendMouseInputFlags.Absolute) != 0)
{
int vscreenWidth = SafeNativeMethods.GetSystemMetrics(SafeNativeMethods.SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN);
int vscreenHeight = SafeNativeMethods.GetSystemMetrics(SafeNativeMethods.SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN);
int vscreenLeft = SafeNativeMethods.GetSystemMetrics(SafeNativeMethods.SM_XVIRTUALSCREEN);
int vscreenTop = SafeNativeMethods.GetSystemMetrics(SafeNativeMethods.SM_YVIRTUALSCREEN);
// Absolute input requires that input is in 'normalized' coords - with the entire
// desktop being (0,0)...(65535,65536). Need to convert input x,y coords to this
// first.
//
// In this normalized world, any pixel on the screen corresponds to a block of values
// of normalized coords - eg. on a 1024x768 screen,
// y pixel 0 corresponds to range 0 to 85.333,
// y pixel 1 corresponds to range 85.333 to 170.666,
// y pixel 2 correpsonds to range 170.666 to 256 - and so on.
// Doing basic scaling math - (x-top)*65536/Width - gets us the start of the range.
// However, because int math is used, this can end up being rounded into the wrong
// pixel. For example, if we wanted pixel 1, we'd get 85.333, but that comes out as
// 85 as an int, which falls into pixel 0's range - and that's where the pointer goes.
// To avoid this, we add on half-a-"screen pixel"'s worth of normalized coords - to
// push us into the middle of any given pixel's range - that's the 65536/(Width*2)
// part of the formula. So now pixel 1 maps to 85+42 = 127 - which is comfortably
// in the middle of that pixel's block.
// The key ting here is that unlike points in coordinate geometry, pixels take up
// space, so are often better treated like rectangles - and if you want to target
// a particular pixel, target its rectangle's midpoint, not its edge.
x = ((x - vscreenLeft) * 65536) / vscreenWidth + 65536 / (vscreenWidth * 2);
y = ((y - vscreenTop) * 65536) / vscreenHeight + 65536 / (vscreenHeight * 2);
intflags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.MOUSEEVENTF_VIRTUALDESK;
}
UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT mi = new UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT();
mi.type = UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT_MOUSE;
mi.union.mouseInput.dx = (int)x;
mi.union.mouseInput.dy = (int)y;
mi.union.mouseInput.mouseData = data;
mi.union.mouseInput.dwFlags = intflags;
mi.union.mouseInput.time = 0;
mi.union.mouseInput.dwExtraInfo = new IntPtr(0);
//Console.WriteLine("Sending");
if (UnsafeNativeMethods.SendInput(1, ref mi, Marshal.SizeOf(mi)) == 0)
{
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
}
}
// Used internally by the HWND SetFocus code - it sends a hotkey to
// itself - because it uses a VK that's not on the keyboard, it needs
// to send the VK directly, not the scan code, which regular
// SendKeyboardInput does.
// Note that this method is public, but this class is private, so
// this is not externally visible.
internal static void SendKeyboardInputVK(byte vk, bool press)
{
UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT ki = new UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT();
ki.type = UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT_KEYBOARD;
ki.union.keyboardInput.wVk = vk;
ki.union.keyboardInput.wScan = 0;
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = press ? 0 : UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
ki.union.keyboardInput.time = 0;
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwExtraInfo = new IntPtr(0);
if (UnsafeNativeMethods.SendInput(1, ref ki, Marshal.SizeOf(ki)) == 0)
{
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Injects a unicode character as keyboard input into the system
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">indicates the key to be pressed or released. Can be any unicode character</param>
/// <param name="press">true to inject a key press, false to inject a key release</param>
///
/// <outside_see conditional="false">
/// This API does not work inside the secure execution environment.
/// <exception cref="System.Security.Permissions.SecurityPermission"/>
/// </outside_see>
internal static void SendUnicodeKeyboardInputInternal(char key, bool press)
{
//CASRemoval:AutomationPermission.Demand(AutomationPermissionFlag.Input);
UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT ki = new UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT();
ki.type = UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT_KEYBOARD;
ki.union.keyboardInput.wVk = (short)0;
ki.union.keyboardInput.wScan = (short)key;
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_UNICODE | (press ? 0 : UnsafeNativeMethods.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP);
ki.union.keyboardInput.time = 0;
ki.union.keyboardInput.dwExtraInfo = new IntPtr(0);
if (UnsafeNativeMethods.SendInput(1, ref ki, Marshal.SizeOf(ki)) == 0)
{
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Inject pointer input into the system
/// </summary>
/// <param name="x">x coordinate of pointer, if Move flag specified</param>
/// <param name="y">y coordinate of pointer, if Move flag specified</param>
/// <param name="data">wheel movement, or mouse X button, depending on flags</param>
/// <param name="flags">flags to indicate which type of input occurred - move, button press/release, wheel move, etc.</param>
/// <remarks>x, y are in pixels. If Absolute flag used, are relative to desktop origin.</remarks>
///
/// <outside_see conditional="false">
/// This API does not work inside the secure execution environment.
/// <exception cref="System.Security.Permissions.SecurityPermission"/>
/// </outside_see>
internal static void SendMouseInputInternal(double x, double y, int data, SendMouseInputFlags flags)
{
//CASRemoval:AutomationPermission.Demand( AutomationPermissionFlag.Input );
int intflags = (int)flags;
switch (MouseMoveMethod)
{
case MouseMoveMethod.WinForms: // this is the code used in .NET 4.0(?)--4.8 timeframe
case MouseMoveMethod.SetCursorPos: // like above, except calls SetCursorPos directly
if ((intflags & (int)SendMouseInputFlags.Absolute) != 0)
{
switch (MouseMoveMethod)
{
case MouseMoveMethod.WinForms:
// this method of moving the cursor appears to be more reliable than the previous code,
// at least in the case on Vista where the DPI was changed but we haven't rebooted yet.
UseWinFormsToMoveMouse(x, y);
break;
case MouseMoveMethod.SetCursorPos:
// WinForms Cursor.set_Position just wraps SetCursorPos.
// Why not call it directly.
SetCursorPos((int)(x + 0.5), (int)(y + 0.5));
break;
}
//now clear the absolute flag
intflags &= ~(int)SendMouseInputFlags.Absolute;
//and set our x and y to zero so we don't move
x = y = 0;
intflags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.MOUSEEVENTF_VIRTUALDESK;
}
break;
case MouseMoveMethod.SendInput:
case MouseMoveMethod.SendInputImpliedMove:
// (Microsoft 4/30/2019) I'm seeing problems where tests don't see
// the mouse moves they asked for, because the OS coalesces them.
// This is fixed by using the no-coalesce flag in SendInput. That
// flag is not supported on Vista/2000, but we don't support those
// any more (which also renders moot the DPI-change remark above).
// normalize coordinates in absolute moves
if ((intflags & (int)SendMouseInputFlags.Absolute) != 0)
{
intflags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.MOUSEEVENTF_VIRTUALDESK;
NormalizeAbsoluteCoordinates(ref x, ref y);
if (MouseMoveMethod == MouseMoveMethod.SendInputImpliedMove)
{
// the old code moved the mouse whenever Absolute was
// set, even if Move was not. That's a
intflags |= (int)SendMouseInputFlags.Move;
}
}
// don't coalesce mouse moves - tests expect to see the results immediately
if ((intflags & (int)SendMouseInputFlags.Move) != 0)
{
intflags |= UnsafeNativeMethods.MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE_NOCOALESCE;
}
break;
default:
throw new InvalidOperationException("Test bug - unknown MouseMoveMethod");
}
UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT mi = new UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT();
mi.type = UnsafeNativeMethods.INPUT_MOUSE;
mi.union.mouseInput.dx = (int)x;
mi.union.mouseInput.dy = (int)y;
mi.union.mouseInput.mouseData = data;
mi.union.mouseInput.dwFlags = intflags;
mi.union.mouseInput.time = 0;
mi.union.mouseInput.dwExtraInfo = new IntPtr(0);
//Console.WriteLine("Sending");
if (UnsafeNativeMethods.SendInput(1, ref mi, Marshal.SizeOf(mi)) == 0)
{
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
}
if ((intflags & (int)SendMouseInputFlags.Wheel) != 0)
{
// MouseWheel input seems to be getting coalesced by the OS, similar to mouse-move.
// There isn't a NOCOALESCE flag to turn this off, so instead just sleep for
// a short time, hopefully enough to avoid the coalescing.
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(50);
}
}
