public override void OnWindowFocusChanged(bool hasFocus)
{
base.OnWindowFocusChanged(hasFocus);
// the service helper is responsible for running actions that depend on the main activity. if the main activity
// is not showing, the service helper starts the main activity and then runs requested actions. there is a race
// condition between actions that wish to show a dialog (e.g., starting speech recognition) and the display of
// the activity. in order to ensure that the activity is showing before any actions are run, we override this
// focus changed event and let the service helper know when the activity is focused and when it is not. this
// way, any actions that the service helper runs will certainly be run after the main activity is running
// and focused.
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
if (serviceHelper != null)
{
if (hasFocus)
{
serviceHelper.SetFocusedMainActivity(this);
}
else
{
serviceHelper.SetFocusedMainActivity(null);
}
}
}
public override void OnCreate()
{
base.OnCreate();
SensusContext.Current = new AndroidSensusContext
{
Platform = Platform.Android,
MainThreadSynchronizer = new MainConcurrent(),
SymmetricEncryption = new SymmetricEncryption(SensusServiceHelper.ENCRYPTION_KEY),
CallbackScheduler = new AndroidCallbackScheduler(this),
Notifier = new AndroidNotifier(this)
};
SensusServiceHelper.Initialize(() => new AndroidSensusServiceHelper());
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// we might have failed to create the service helper. it's also happened that the service is created after the
// service helper is disposed: https://insights.xamarin.com/app/Sensus-Production/issues/46
if (serviceHelper == null)
{
Stop();
}
else
{
serviceHelper.SetService(this);
}
}
public override void OnCreate()
{
base.OnCreate();
// insights should be initialized first to maximize coverage of exception reporting
InsightsInitialization.Initialize(new AndroidInsightsInitializer(Settings.Secure.GetString(ContentResolver, Settings.Secure.AndroidId)), SensusServiceHelper.XAMARIN_INSIGHTS_APP_KEY);
SensusContext.Current = new AndroidSensusContext
{
Platform = Platform.Android,
MainThreadSynchronizer = new MainConcurrent(),
SymmetricEncryption = new SymmetricEncryption(SensusServiceHelper.ENCRYPTION_KEY),
CallbackScheduler = new AndroidCallbackScheduler(this),
Notifier = new AndroidNotifier(this)
};
SensusServiceHelper.Initialize(() => new AndroidSensusServiceHelper());
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// we might have failed to create the service helper. it's also happened that the service is created after the
// service helper is disposed: https://insights.xamarin.com/app/Sensus-Production/issues/46
if (serviceHelper == null)
{
Stop();
}
else
{
serviceHelper.SetService(this);
}
}
public override void OnCreate()
{
base.OnCreate();
_serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
_serviceHelper.SetService(this);
_serviceHelper.UpdateApplicationStatus("0 protocols are running");
}
public override void OnDestroy()
{
base.OnDestroy();
if (_serviceHelper != null)
{
_serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Destroying service.", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
_serviceHelper.Dispose();
_serviceHelper = null;
}
}
public override void OnDestroy()
{
base.OnDestroy();
if (_serviceHelper != null)
{
_serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Destroying service.", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
_serviceHelper.Dispose();
_serviceHelper = null;
}
}
public override void OnCreate()
{
base.OnCreate();
// initialize the current activity plugin here as well as in the main activity
// since this service may be created by iteself without a main activity (e.g.,
// on boot or on OS restart of the service). we want the plugin to have be
// initialized regardless of how the app comes to be created.
CrossCurrentActivity.Current.Init(Application);
SensusContext.Current = new AndroidSensusContext
{
Platform = Platform.Android,
MainThreadSynchronizer = new MainConcurrent(),
SymmetricEncryption = new SymmetricEncryption(SensusServiceHelper.ENCRYPTION_KEY),
CallbackScheduler = new AndroidCallbackScheduler(this),
Notifier = new AndroidNotifier(),
PowerConnectionChangeListener = new AndroidPowerConnectionChangeListener()
};
// promote this service to a foreground service as soon as possible. we use a foreground service for several
// reasons. it's honest and transparent. it lets us work effectively with the android 8.0 restrictions on
// background services. we can run forever without being killed. we receive background location updates, etc.
(SensusContext.Current.Notifier as AndroidNotifier).UpdateForegroundServiceNotificationBuilder();
StartForeground(AndroidNotifier.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_NOTIFICATION_ID, (SensusContext.Current.Notifier as AndroidNotifier).BuildForegroundServiceNotification());
// https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#ACTION_POWER_CONNECTED
// This is intended for applications that wish to register specifically to this notification. Unlike ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED,
// applications will be woken for this and so do not have to stay active to receive this notification. This action can be
// used to implement actions that wait until power is available to trigger.
//
// We use the same receiver for both the connected and disconnected intents.
_powerBroadcastReceiver = new AndroidPowerConnectionChangeBroadcastReceiver();
IntentFilter powerConnectFilter = new IntentFilter();
powerConnectFilter.AddAction(Intent.ActionPowerConnected);
powerConnectFilter.AddAction(Intent.ActionPowerDisconnected);
powerConnectFilter.AddCategory(Intent.CategoryDefault);
RegisterReceiver(_powerBroadcastReceiver, powerConnectFilter);
// must come after context initialization. also, it is here -- below StartForeground -- because it can
// take a while to complete and we don't want to run afoul of the short timing requirements on calling
// StartForeground.
SensusServiceHelper.Initialize(() => new AndroidSensusServiceHelper());
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// we might have failed to create the service helper. it's also happened that the service is created
// after the service helper is disposed.
if (serviceHelper == null)
{
Stop();
}
}
public override StartCommandResult OnStartCommand(Intent intent, StartCommandFlags flags, int startId)
{
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// there might be a race condition between the calling of this method and the stopping/disposal of the service helper.
// if the service helper is stopped/disposed before the service is stopped but after this method is called, the service
// helper will be null.
if (serviceHelper != null)
{
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Sensus service received start command (startId=" + startId + ", flags=" + flags + ").", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
// acquire wake lock before this method returns to ensure that the device does not sleep prematurely, interrupting the execution of a callback.
serviceHelper.KeepDeviceAwake();
// the service can be stopped without destroying the service object. in such cases,
// subsequent calls to start the service will not call OnCreate. therefore, it's
// important that any code called here is okay to call multiple times, even if the
// service is running. calling this when the service is running can happen because
// sensus receives a signal on device boot and for any callback alarms that are
// requested. furthermore, all calls here should be nonblocking / async so we don't
// tie up the UI thread.
serviceHelper.StartAsync(() =>
{
if (intent == null)
{
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
else
{
DisplayPage displayPage;
// is this a callback intent?
if (intent.GetBooleanExtra(CallbackScheduler.SENSUS_CALLBACK_KEY, false))
{
(SensusContext.Current.CallbackScheduler as AndroidCallbackScheduler).ServiceCallbackAsync(intent);
}
// should we display a page?
else if (Enum.TryParse(intent.GetStringExtra(Notifier.DISPLAY_PAGE_KEY), out displayPage))
{
serviceHelper.BringToForeground();
SensusContext.Current.Notifier.OpenDisplayPage(displayPage);
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
else
{
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
}
});
}
return(StartCommandResult.Sticky);
}
public override void OnCreate()
{
base.OnCreate();
SensusServiceHelper.Initialize(() => new AndroidSensusServiceHelper());
_serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// it's happened that the service is created after the service helper is disposed: https://insights.xamarin.com/app/Sensus-Production/issues/46
if (_serviceHelper == null)
{
StopSelf();
return;
}
_serviceHelper.SetService(this);
_serviceHelper.UpdateApplicationStatus("0 protocols are running");
}
public override void OnCreate()
{
base.OnCreate();
SensusServiceHelper.Initialize(() => new AndroidSensusServiceHelper());
_serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// it's happened that the service is created after the service helper is disposed: https://insights.xamarin.com/app/Sensus-Production/issues/46
if (_serviceHelper == null)
{
StopSelf();
return;
}
_serviceHelper.SetService(this);
_serviceHelper.UpdateApplicationStatus("0 protocols are running");
}
public override void OnCreate()
{
base.OnCreate();
InsightsInitialization.Initialize(new AndroidInsightsInitializer(Settings.Secure.GetString(ContentResolver, Settings.Secure.AndroidId)), SensusServiceHelper.XAMARIN_INSIGHTS_APP_KEY);
SensusContext.Current = new AndroidSensusContext(SensusServiceHelper.ENCRYPTION_KEY);
SensusServiceHelper.Initialize(() => new AndroidSensusServiceHelper());
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// we might have failed to create the service helper. it's also happened that the service is created after the
// service helper is disposed: https://insights.xamarin.com/app/Sensus-Production/issues/46
if (serviceHelper == null)
{
Stop();
}
else
{
serviceHelper.SetService(this);
}
}
public override void OnDestroy()
{
Console.Error.WriteLine("--------------------------- Destroying Service ---------------------------");
base.OnDestroy();
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// the service helper will be null if we failed to create it within OnCreate, so first check that. also,
// OnDestroy can be called either when the user stops Sensus (in Android) and when the system reclaims
// the service under memory pressure. in the former case, we'll already have done the notification and
// stopping of protocols; however, we have no way to know how we reached OnDestroy, so to cover the latter
// case we're going to do the notification and stopping again. this will be duplicative in the case where
// the user has stopped sensus. in sum, anything we do below must be safe to run repeatedly.
if (serviceHelper != null)
{
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Destroying service.", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
NotifyBindingsOfStop();
serviceHelper.StopProtocols();
serviceHelper.SetService(null);
}
}
private void UpdateForegroundServiceNotificationBuilder()
{
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
int numRunningStudies = serviceHelper.RunningProtocolIds.Count;
_foregroundServiceNotificationBuilder.SetContentTitle("You are enrolled in " + numRunningStudies + " " + (numRunningStudies == 1 ? "study" : "studies") + ".");
string contentText = "";
// although the number of studies might be greater than 0, the protocols might not yet be started (e.g., after starting sensus).
List <Protocol> runningProtocols = serviceHelper.GetRunningProtocols();
if (runningProtocols.Count > 0)
{
double avgParticipation = runningProtocols.Average(protocol => protocol.Participation) * 100;
contentText += "Your overall participation level is " + Math.Round(avgParticipation, 0) + "%. ";
}
contentText += "Tap to open Sensus.";
_foregroundServiceNotificationBuilder.SetContentText(contentText);
}
public override void OnCreate()
{
base.OnCreate();
_notificationManager = GetSystemService(Context.NotificationService) as NotificationManager;
UpdateNotification("Sensus", "");
_sensusServiceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Load <AndroidSensusServiceHelper>(new Geolocator(this)) as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
if (_sensusServiceHelper == null)
{
_sensusServiceHelper = new AndroidSensusServiceHelper();
_sensusServiceHelper.Initialize(new Geolocator(this));
_sensusServiceHelper.Save();
}
_sensusServiceHelper.SetService(this);
_sensusServiceHelper.Stopped += (o, e) =>
{
_notificationManager.Cancel(SERVICE_NOTIFICATION_ID);
StopSelf();
};
}
public AndroidSensusServiceBinder(AndroidSensusServiceHelper sensusServiceHelper)
{
_sensusServiceHelper = sensusServiceHelper;
}
public override StartCommandResult OnStartCommand(Intent intent, StartCommandFlags flags, int startId)
{
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// there might be a race condition between the calling of this method and the stopping/disposal of the service helper.
// if the service helper is stopped/disposed before the service is stopped but after this method is called, the service
// helper will be null.
if (serviceHelper != null)
{
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Sensus service received start command (startId=" + startId + ", flags=" + flags + ").", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
// acquire wake lock before this method returns to ensure that the device does not sleep prematurely, interrupting the execution of a callback.
serviceHelper.KeepDeviceAwake();
// the service can be stopped without destroying the service object. in such cases,
// subsequent calls to start the service will not call OnCreate. therefore, it's
// important that any code called here is okay to call multiple times, even if the
// service is running. calling this when the service is running can happen because
// sensus receives a signal on device boot and for any callback alarms that are
// requested. furthermore, all calls here should be nonblocking / async so we don't
// tie up the UI thread.
serviceHelper.StartAsync(() =>
{
if (intent != null)
{
// is this a callback intent?
if (intent.GetBooleanExtra(SensusServiceHelper.SENSUS_CALLBACK_KEY, false))
{
string callbackId = intent.GetStringExtra(SensusServiceHelper.SENSUS_CALLBACK_ID_KEY);
// if the user removes the main activity from the switcher, the service's process will be killed and restarted without notice, and
// we'll have no opportunity to unschedule repeating callbacks. when the service is restarted we'll reinitialize the service
// helper, restart the repeating callbacks, and we'll then have duplicate repeating callbacks. handle the invalid callbacks below.
// if the callback is scheduled, it's fine. if it's not, then unschedule it.
if (serviceHelper.CallbackIsScheduled(callbackId))
{
bool repeating = intent.GetBooleanExtra(SensusServiceHelper.SENSUS_CALLBACK_REPEATING_KEY, false);
int repeatDelayMS = intent.GetIntExtra(SensusServiceHelper.SENSUS_CALLBACK_REPEAT_DELAY_KEY, -1);
bool repeatLag = intent.GetBooleanExtra(SensusServiceHelper.SENSUS_CALLBACK_REPEAT_LAG_KEY, false);
bool wakeLockReleased = false;
// raise callback and notify the user if there is a message. we wouldn't have presented the user with the message yet.
serviceHelper.RaiseCallbackAsync(callbackId, repeating, repeatDelayMS, repeatLag, true,
// schedule a new callback at the given time.
repeatCallbackTime =>
{
serviceHelper.ScheduleCallbackAlarm(serviceHelper.CreateCallbackPendingIntent(intent), callbackId, repeatCallbackTime);
},
// if the callback indicates that it's okay for the device to sleep, release the wake lock now.
() =>
{
wakeLockReleased = true;
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Wake lock released preemptively for scheduled callback action.", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
},
// release wake lock now if we didn't while the callback action was executing.
() =>
{
if (!wakeLockReleased)
{
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Wake lock released after scheduled callback action completed.", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
}
});
}
else
{
serviceHelper.UnscheduleCallback(callbackId);
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
}
else if (intent.GetStringExtra(SensusServiceHelper.NOTIFICATION_ID_KEY) == SensusServiceHelper.PENDING_SURVEY_NOTIFICATION_ID)
{
serviceHelper.BringToForeground();
// display the pending scripts page if it is not already on the top of the navigation stack
SensusContext.Current.MainThreadSynchronizer.ExecuteThreadSafe(async() =>
{
IReadOnlyList <Page> navigationStack = Xamarin.Forms.Application.Current.MainPage.Navigation.NavigationStack;
Page topPage = navigationStack.Count == 0 ? null : navigationStack.Last();
if (!(topPage is PendingScriptsPage))
{
await Xamarin.Forms.Application.Current.MainPage.Navigation.PushAsync(new PendingScriptsPage());
}
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
});
}
else
{
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
}
else
{
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
});
}
return(StartCommandResult.Sticky);
}
public override StartCommandResult OnStartCommand(Intent intent, StartCommandFlags flags, int startId)
{
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// there might be a race condition between the calling of this method and the stopping/disposal of the service helper.
// if the service helper is stopped/disposed before the service is stopped but after this method is called (e.g., by
// an alarm callback), the service helper will be null.
if (serviceHelper != null)
{
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Sensus service received start command (startId=" + startId + ", flags=" + flags + ").", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
// update the foreground service notification with information about loaded/running studies.
(SensusContext.Current.Notifier as AndroidNotifier).ReissueForegroundServiceNotification();
// if the service started but there are no protocols that should be running, then stop the app now. there is no
// reason for the app to be running in this situation, and the user will likely be annoyed at the presence of the
// foreground service notification.
if (intent != null && intent.GetBooleanExtra(KEY_STOP_SERVICE_IF_NO_PROTOCOLS_SHOULD_RUN, false) && serviceHelper.RunningProtocolIds.Count == 0)
{
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Started service without running protocols. Stopping service now.", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
Stop();
return(StartCommandResult.NotSticky);
}
// acquire wake lock before this method returns to ensure that the device does not sleep prematurely, interrupting the execution of a callback.
serviceHelper.KeepDeviceAwakeAsync().Wait();
Task.Run(async() =>
{
try
{
// the service can be stopped without destroying the service object. in such cases,
// subsequent calls to start the service will not call OnCreate. therefore, it's
// important that any code called here is okay to call multiple times, even if the
// service is running. calling this when the service is running can happen because
// sensus receives a signal on device boot and for any callback alarms that are
// requested. furthermore, all calls here should be nonblocking / async so we don't
// tie up the UI thread.
await serviceHelper.StartAsync();
if (intent != null)
{
AndroidCallbackScheduler callbackScheduler = SensusContext.Current.CallbackScheduler as AndroidCallbackScheduler;
if (callbackScheduler.IsCallback(intent))
{
await callbackScheduler.RaiseCallbackAsync(intent);
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Exception while responding to on-start command: " + ex.Message, LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
}
finally
{
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleepAsync().Wait();
}
});
}
// if the service is killed by the system (e.g., due to resource constraints), ask the system to restart
// the service when possible.
return(StartCommandResult.Sticky);
}
public AndroidSensusServiceBinder(AndroidSensusServiceHelper sensusServiceHelper)
{
_sensusServiceHelper = sensusServiceHelper;
}
public override StartCommandResult OnStartCommand(Intent intent, StartCommandFlags flags, int startId)
{
AndroidSensusServiceHelper serviceHelper = SensusServiceHelper.Get() as AndroidSensusServiceHelper;
// there might be a race condition between the calling of this method and the stopping/disposal of the service helper.
// if the service helper is stopped/disposed before the service is stopped but after this method is called (e.g., by
// an alarm callback), the service helper will be null.
if (serviceHelper != null)
{
serviceHelper.Logger.Log("Sensus service received start command (startId=" + startId + ", flags=" + flags + ").", LoggingLevel.Normal, GetType());
// promote this service to a foreground, for several reasons: it's honest and transparent. it lets us work effectively with the
// android 8.0 restrictions on background services (we can run forever without being killed, we receive background location
// updates). it's okay to call this multiple times. doing so will simply update the notification.
if (_foregroundServiceNotificationBuilder == null)
{
PendingIntent mainActivityPendingIntent = PendingIntent.GetActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, typeof(AndroidMainActivity)), 0);
_foregroundServiceNotificationBuilder = (SensusContext.Current.Notifier as AndroidNotifier).CreateNotificationBuilder(this, AndroidNotifier.SensusNotificationChannel.ForegroundService)
.SetSmallIcon(Resource.Drawable.ic_launcher)
.SetContentIntent(mainActivityPendingIntent)
.SetOngoing(true);
UpdateForegroundServiceNotificationBuilder();
StartForeground(FOREGROUND_SERVICE_NOTIFICATION_ID, _foregroundServiceNotificationBuilder.Build());
}
else
{
ReissueForegroundServiceNotification();
}
// acquire wake lock before this method returns to ensure that the device does not sleep prematurely, interrupting the execution of a callback.
serviceHelper.KeepDeviceAwake();
Task.Run(async() =>
{
// the service can be stopped without destroying the service object. in such cases,
// subsequent calls to start the service will not call OnCreate. therefore, it's
// important that any code called here is okay to call multiple times, even if the
// service is running. calling this when the service is running can happen because
// sensus receives a signal on device boot and for any callback alarms that are
// requested. furthermore, all calls here should be nonblocking / async so we don't
// tie up the UI thread.
await serviceHelper.StartAsync();
if (intent == null)
{
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
else
{
DisplayPage displayPage;
// is this a callback intent?
if (intent.GetBooleanExtra(CallbackScheduler.SENSUS_CALLBACK_KEY, false))
{
// service the callback -- the matching LetDeviceSleep will be called therein
await(SensusContext.Current.CallbackScheduler as AndroidCallbackScheduler).ServiceCallbackAsync(intent);
}
// should we display a page?
else if (Enum.TryParse(intent.GetStringExtra(Notifier.DISPLAY_PAGE_KEY), out displayPage))
{
serviceHelper.BringToForeground();
SensusContext.Current.Notifier.OpenDisplayPage(displayPage);
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
else
{
serviceHelper.LetDeviceSleep();
}
}
});
}
// if the service is killed by the system (e.g., due to resource constraints), ask the system to restart
// the service when possible.
return(StartCommandResult.Sticky);
}
