/// <summary> Insert into the tree. Does nothing if item already present.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">the item to insert.
/// </param>
public virtual void Insert(IComparable item)
{
current = parent = grand = header;
nullNode.element = item;
while (current.element.CompareTo(item) != 0)
{
great = grand; grand = parent; parent = current;
current = item.CompareTo(current.element) < 0?current.left:current.right;
// Check if two red children; fix if so
if (current.left.color == RED && current.right.color == RED)
handleReorient(item);
}
// Insertion fails if already present
if (current != nullNode)
return ;
current = new RedBlackNode(item, nullNode, nullNode);
// Attach to parent
if (item.CompareTo(parent.element) < 0)
parent.left = current;
else
parent.right = current;
handleReorient(item);
}
/// <summary> Double rotate binary tree node: first right child
/// with its left child; then node k1 with new right child.
/// For AVL trees, this is a double rotation for case 3.
/// </summary>
internal static RedBlackNode doubleWithRightChild(RedBlackNode k1)
{
k1.right = withLeftChild(k1.right);
return withRightChild(k1);
}
/// <summary> Construct the tree.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="negInf">a value less than or equal to all others.
/// </param>
public RedBlackTree(IComparable negInf)
{
header = new RedBlackNode(negInf);
header.left = header.right = nullNode;
}
/// <summary> Rotate binary tree node with right child.
/// For AVL trees, this is a single rotation for case 4.
/// </summary>
internal static RedBlackNode withRightChild(RedBlackNode k1)
{
RedBlackNode k2 = k1.right;
k1.right = k2.left;
k2.left = k1;
return k2;
}
/// <summary> Double rotate binary tree node: first left child
/// with its right child; then node k3 with new left child.
/// For AVL trees, this is a double rotation for case 2.
/// </summary>
internal static RedBlackNode doubleWithLeftChild(RedBlackNode k3)
{
k3.left = withRightChild(k3.left);
return withLeftChild(k3);
}
/// <summary> Rotate binary tree node with left child.
/// For AVL trees, this is a single rotation for case 1.
/// </summary>
internal static RedBlackNode withLeftChild(RedBlackNode k2)
{
RedBlackNode k1 = k2.left;
k2.left = k1.right;
k1.right = k2;
return k1;
}
internal RedBlackNode(IComparable theElement, RedBlackNode lt, RedBlackNode rt)
{
element = theElement;
left = lt;
right = rt;
color = RedBlackTree.BLACK;
}
// // Test program
// [STAThread]
// public static void Main(System.String[] args)
// {
// RedBlackTree t = new RedBlackTree(new MyInteger(System.Int32.MinValue));
// int NUMS = 40000;
// int GAP = 307;
//
// System.Console.Out.WriteLine("Checking... (no more output means success)");
//
// for (int i = GAP; i != 0; i = (i + GAP) % NUMS)
// t.Insert(new MyInteger(i));
//
// if (NUMS < 40)
// t.PrintTree();
// if (((MyInteger) (t.FindMin())).intValue() != 1 || ((MyInteger) (t.FindMax())).intValue() != NUMS - 1)
// System.Console.Out.WriteLine("FindMin or FindMax error!");
//
// for (int i = 1; i < NUMS; i++)
// if (((MyInteger) (t.Find(new MyInteger(i)))).intValue() != i)
// System.Console.Out.WriteLine("Find error1!");
// }
static RedBlackTree()
{
nullNode = new RedBlackNode(null);
nullNode.left = nullNode.right = nullNode;
}
/// <summary> Internal routine that performs a single or double rotation.
/// Because the result is attached to the parent, there are four cases.
/// Called by handleReorient.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">the item in handleReorient.
/// </param>
/// <param name="parent">the parent of the root of the rotated subtree.
/// </param>
/// <returns> the root of the rotated subtree.</returns>
private RedBlackNode rotate(IComparable item, RedBlackNode parent)
{
if (item.CompareTo(parent.element) < 0)
return parent.left = item.CompareTo(parent.left.element) < 0?rotateWithLeftChild(parent.left):rotateWithRightChild(parent.left);
// LR
else
return parent.right = item.CompareTo(parent.right.element) < 0?rotateWithLeftChild(parent.right):rotateWithRightChild(parent.right);
// RR
}
/// <summary> Internal method to print a subtree in sorted order.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="t">the node that roots the tree.
///
/// </param>
private void PrintTree(RedBlackNode t)
{
if (t != nullNode)
{
PrintTree(t.left);
System.Console.Out.WriteLine(t.element);
PrintTree(t.right);
}
}