public ClipmapTerrainOnGlobe()
{
_window = Device.CreateWindow(800, 600, "Chapter 13: Clipmap Terrain on a Globe");
_ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.Wgs84;
WorldWindTerrainSource terrainSource = new WorldWindTerrainSource();
EsriRestImagery imagery = new EsriRestImagery();
_clipmap = new GlobeClipmapTerrain(_window.Context, terrainSource, imagery, _ellipsoid, 511);
_clipmap.HeightExaggeration = 1.0f;
_sceneState = new SceneState();
_sceneState.DiffuseIntensity = 0.90f;
_sceneState.SpecularIntensity = 0.05f;
_sceneState.AmbientIntensity = 0.05f;
_sceneState.Camera.FieldOfViewY = Math.PI / 3.0;
_clearState = new ClearState();
_clearState.Color = Color.White;
_sceneState.Camera.PerspectiveNearPlaneDistance = 0.000001 * _ellipsoid.MaximumRadius;
_sceneState.Camera.PerspectiveFarPlaneDistance = 10.0 * _ellipsoid.MaximumRadius;
_sceneState.SunPosition = new Vector3D(200000, 300000, 200000) * _ellipsoid.MaximumRadius;
_lookCamera = new CameraLookAtPoint(_sceneState.Camera, _window, _ellipsoid);
_lookCamera.Range = 1.5 * _ellipsoid.MaximumRadius;
_globe = new RayCastedGlobe(_window.Context);
_globe.Shape = _ellipsoid;
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap("NE2_50M_SR_W_4096.jpg");
_globe.Texture = Device.CreateTexture2D(bitmap, TextureFormat.RedGreenBlue8, false);
_clearDepth = new ClearState();
_clearDepth.Buffers = ClearBuffers.DepthBuffer | ClearBuffers.StencilBuffer;
_window.Keyboard.KeyDown += OnKeyDown;
_window.Resize += OnResize;
_window.RenderFrame += OnRenderFrame;
_window.PreRenderFrame += OnPreRenderFrame;
_hudFont = new Font("Arial", 16);
_hud = new HeadsUpDisplay();
_hud.Color = Color.Blue;
UpdateHUD();
}
public GlobeClipmapTerrain(Context context, RasterSource terrainSource, EsriRestImagery imagery, Ellipsoid ellipsoid, int clipmapPosts)
{
_terrainSource = terrainSource;
_ellipsoid = ellipsoid;
_clipmapPosts = clipmapPosts;
_clipmapSegments = _clipmapPosts - 1;
int clipmapLevels = _terrainSource.Levels.Count;
_clipmapLevels = new ClipmapLevel[clipmapLevels];
for (int i = 0; i < _clipmapLevels.Length; ++i)
{
_clipmapLevels[i] = new ClipmapLevel();
}
for (int i = 0; i < _clipmapLevels.Length; ++i)
{
RasterLevel terrainLevel = _terrainSource.Levels[i];
_clipmapLevels[i].Terrain = terrainLevel;
_clipmapLevels[i].HeightTexture = Device.CreateTexture2D(new Texture2DDescription(_clipmapPosts, _clipmapPosts, TextureFormat.Red32f));
_clipmapLevels[i].NormalTexture = Device.CreateTexture2D(new Texture2DDescription(_clipmapPosts, _clipmapPosts, TextureFormat.RedGreenBlue32f));
_clipmapLevels[i].CoarserLevel = i == 0 ? null : _clipmapLevels[i - 1];
_clipmapLevels[i].FinerLevel = i == _clipmapLevels.Length - 1 ? null : _clipmapLevels[i + 1];
// Aim for roughly one imagery texel per geometry texel.
// Find the first imagery level that meets our resolution needs.
double longitudeResRequired = terrainLevel.PostDeltaLongitude;
double latitudeResRequired = terrainLevel.PostDeltaLatitude;
RasterLevel imageryLevel = null;
for (int j = 0; j < imagery.Levels.Count; ++j)
{
imageryLevel = imagery.Levels[j];
if (imageryLevel.PostDeltaLongitude <= longitudeResRequired &&
imageryLevel.PostDeltaLatitude <= latitudeResRequired)
{
break;
}
}
_clipmapLevels[i].Imagery = imageryLevel;
_clipmapLevels[i].ImageryWidth = (int)Math.Ceiling(_clipmapPosts * terrainLevel.PostDeltaLongitude / imageryLevel.PostDeltaLongitude);
_clipmapLevels[i].ImageryHeight = (int)Math.Ceiling(_clipmapPosts * terrainLevel.PostDeltaLatitude / imageryLevel.PostDeltaLatitude);
_clipmapLevels[i].ImageryTexture = Device.CreateTexture2D(new Texture2DDescription(_clipmapLevels[i].ImageryWidth, _clipmapLevels[i].ImageryHeight, TextureFormat.RedGreenBlue8, false));
}
_shaderProgram = Device.CreateShaderProgram(
EmbeddedResources.GetText("OpenGlobe.Scene.Terrain.ClipmapTerrain.GlobeClipmapVS.glsl"),
EmbeddedResources.GetText("OpenGlobe.Scene.Terrain.ClipmapTerrain.GlobeClipmapFS.glsl"));
_fillPatchPosts = (clipmapPosts + 1) / 4; // M
_fillPatchSegments = _fillPatchPosts - 1;
// Create the MxM block used to fill the ring and the field.
Mesh fieldBlockMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(_fillPatchSegments, _fillPatchSegments)),
_fillPatchSegments, _fillPatchSegments);
_fillPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(fieldBlockMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
// Create the Mx3 block used to fill the space between the MxM blocks in the ring
Mesh ringFixupHorizontalMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(_fillPatchSegments, 2.0)),
_fillPatchSegments, 2);
_horizontalFixupPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(ringFixupHorizontalMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
// Create the 3xM block used to fill the space between the MxM blocks in the ring
Mesh ringFixupVerticalMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(2.0, _fillPatchSegments)),
2, _fillPatchSegments);
_verticalFixupPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(ringFixupVerticalMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
Mesh offsetStripHorizontalMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(2 * _fillPatchPosts, 1.0)),
2 * _fillPatchPosts, 1);
_horizontalOffsetPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(offsetStripHorizontalMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
Mesh offsetStripVerticalMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(1.0, 2 * _fillPatchPosts - 1)),
1, 2 * _fillPatchPosts - 1);
_verticalOffsetPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(offsetStripVerticalMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
Mesh centerMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(2.0, 2.0)), 2, 2);
_centerPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(centerMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
Mesh degenerateTriangleMesh = CreateDegenerateTriangleMesh();
_degenerateTrianglePatch = context.CreateVertexArray(degenerateTriangleMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
_patchOriginInClippedLevel = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_patchOriginInClippedLevel"];
_levelScaleFactor = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_levelScaleFactor"];
_levelZeroWorldScaleFactor = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_levelZeroWorldScaleFactor"];
_levelOffsetFromWorldOrigin = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_levelOffsetFromWorldOrigin"];
_heightExaggeration = (Uniform<float>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_heightExaggeration"];
_viewPosInClippedLevel = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_viewPosInClippedLevel"];
_fineLevelOriginInCoarse = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_fineLevelOriginInCoarse"];
_unblendedRegionSize = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_unblendedRegionSize"];
_oneOverBlendedRegionSize = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_oneOverBlendedRegionSize"];
_fineTextureOrigin = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_fineTextureOrigin"];
_showBlendRegions = (Uniform<bool>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_showBlendRegions"];
_useBlendRegions = (Uniform<bool>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_useBlendRegions"];
_oneOverClipmapSize = (Uniform<float>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_oneOverClipmapSize"];
_color = (Uniform<Vector3F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_color"];
_blendRegionColor = (Uniform<Vector3F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_blendRegionColor"];
_terrainToImageryResolutionRatio = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_terrainToImageryResolutionRatio"];
_terrainOffsetInImagery = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_terrainOffsetInImagery"];
_oneOverImagerySize = (Uniform<Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_oneOverImagerySize"];
_showImagery = (Uniform<bool>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_showImagery"];
_lighting = (Uniform<bool>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_shade"];
((Uniform<Vector3F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_globeRadiiSquared"]).Value =
ellipsoid.RadiiSquared.ToVector3F();
_renderState = new RenderState();
_renderState.FacetCulling.FrontFaceWindingOrder = fieldBlockMesh.FrontFaceWindingOrder;
_primitiveType = fieldBlockMesh.PrimitiveType;
float oneOverBlendedRegionSize = (float)(10.0 / _clipmapPosts);
_oneOverBlendedRegionSize.Value = new Vector2F(oneOverBlendedRegionSize, oneOverBlendedRegionSize);
float unblendedRegionSize = (float)(_clipmapSegments / 2 - _clipmapPosts / 10.0 - 1);
_unblendedRegionSize.Value = new Vector2F(unblendedRegionSize, unblendedRegionSize);
_useBlendRegions.Value = true;
_showImagery.Value = true;
_oneOverClipmapSize.Value = 1.0f / clipmapPosts;
_updater = new ClipmapUpdater(context, _clipmapLevels);
HeightExaggeration = 0.00001f;
}
public GlobeClipmapTerrain(Context context, RasterSource terrainSource, EsriRestImagery imagery, Ellipsoid ellipsoid, int clipmapPosts)
{
_terrainSource = terrainSource;
_ellipsoid = ellipsoid;
_clipmapPosts = clipmapPosts;
_clipmapSegments = _clipmapPosts - 1;
int clipmapLevels = _terrainSource.Levels.Count;
_clipmapLevels = new ClipmapLevel[clipmapLevels];
for (int i = 0; i < _clipmapLevels.Length; ++i)
{
_clipmapLevels[i] = new ClipmapLevel();
}
for (int i = 0; i < _clipmapLevels.Length; ++i)
{
RasterLevel terrainLevel = _terrainSource.Levels[i];
_clipmapLevels[i].Terrain = terrainLevel;
_clipmapLevels[i].HeightTexture = Device.CreateTexture2D(new Texture2DDescription(_clipmapPosts, _clipmapPosts, TextureFormat.Red32f));
_clipmapLevels[i].NormalTexture = Device.CreateTexture2D(new Texture2DDescription(_clipmapPosts, _clipmapPosts, TextureFormat.RedGreenBlue32f));
_clipmapLevels[i].CoarserLevel = i == 0 ? null : _clipmapLevels[i - 1];
_clipmapLevels[i].FinerLevel = i == _clipmapLevels.Length - 1 ? null : _clipmapLevels[i + 1];
// Aim for roughly one imagery texel per geometry texel.
// Find the first imagery level that meets our resolution needs.
double longitudeResRequired = terrainLevel.PostDeltaLongitude;
double latitudeResRequired = terrainLevel.PostDeltaLatitude;
RasterLevel imageryLevel = null;
for (int j = 0; j < imagery.Levels.Count; ++j)
{
imageryLevel = imagery.Levels[j];
if (imageryLevel.PostDeltaLongitude <= longitudeResRequired &&
imageryLevel.PostDeltaLatitude <= latitudeResRequired)
{
break;
}
}
_clipmapLevels[i].Imagery = imageryLevel;
_clipmapLevels[i].ImageryWidth = (int)Math.Ceiling(_clipmapPosts * terrainLevel.PostDeltaLongitude / imageryLevel.PostDeltaLongitude);
_clipmapLevels[i].ImageryHeight = (int)Math.Ceiling(_clipmapPosts * terrainLevel.PostDeltaLatitude / imageryLevel.PostDeltaLatitude);
_clipmapLevels[i].ImageryTexture = Device.CreateTexture2D(new Texture2DDescription(_clipmapLevels[i].ImageryWidth, _clipmapLevels[i].ImageryHeight, TextureFormat.RedGreenBlue8, false));
}
_shaderProgram = Device.CreateShaderProgram(
EmbeddedResources.GetText("OpenGlobe.Scene.Terrain.ClipmapTerrain.GlobeClipmapVS.glsl"),
EmbeddedResources.GetText("OpenGlobe.Scene.Terrain.ClipmapTerrain.GlobeClipmapFS.glsl"));
_fillPatchPosts = (clipmapPosts + 1) / 4; // M
_fillPatchSegments = _fillPatchPosts - 1;
// Create the MxM block used to fill the ring and the field.
Mesh fieldBlockMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(_fillPatchSegments, _fillPatchSegments)),
_fillPatchSegments, _fillPatchSegments);
_fillPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(fieldBlockMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
// Create the Mx3 block used to fill the space between the MxM blocks in the ring
Mesh ringFixupHorizontalMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(_fillPatchSegments, 2.0)),
_fillPatchSegments, 2);
_horizontalFixupPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(ringFixupHorizontalMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
// Create the 3xM block used to fill the space between the MxM blocks in the ring
Mesh ringFixupVerticalMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(2.0, _fillPatchSegments)),
2, _fillPatchSegments);
_verticalFixupPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(ringFixupVerticalMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
Mesh offsetStripHorizontalMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(2 * _fillPatchPosts, 1.0)),
2 * _fillPatchPosts, 1);
_horizontalOffsetPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(offsetStripHorizontalMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
Mesh offsetStripVerticalMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(
new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(1.0, 2 * _fillPatchPosts - 1)),
1, 2 * _fillPatchPosts - 1);
_verticalOffsetPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(offsetStripVerticalMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
Mesh centerMesh = RectangleTessellator.Compute(new RectangleD(new Vector2D(0.0, 0.0), new Vector2D(2.0, 2.0)), 2, 2);
_centerPatch = context.CreateVertexArray(centerMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
Mesh degenerateTriangleMesh = CreateDegenerateTriangleMesh();
_degenerateTrianglePatch = context.CreateVertexArray(degenerateTriangleMesh, _shaderProgram.VertexAttributes, BufferHint.StaticDraw);
_patchOriginInClippedLevel = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_patchOriginInClippedLevel"];
_levelScaleFactor = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_levelScaleFactor"];
_levelZeroWorldScaleFactor = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_levelZeroWorldScaleFactor"];
_levelOffsetFromWorldOrigin = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_levelOffsetFromWorldOrigin"];
_heightExaggeration = (Uniform <float>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_heightExaggeration"];
_viewPosInClippedLevel = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_viewPosInClippedLevel"];
_fineLevelOriginInCoarse = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_fineLevelOriginInCoarse"];
_unblendedRegionSize = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_unblendedRegionSize"];
_oneOverBlendedRegionSize = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_oneOverBlendedRegionSize"];
_fineTextureOrigin = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_fineTextureOrigin"];
_showBlendRegions = (Uniform <bool>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_showBlendRegions"];
_useBlendRegions = (Uniform <bool>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_useBlendRegions"];
_oneOverClipmapSize = (Uniform <float>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_oneOverClipmapSize"];
_color = (Uniform <Vector3F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_color"];
_blendRegionColor = (Uniform <Vector3F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_blendRegionColor"];
_terrainToImageryResolutionRatio = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_terrainToImageryResolutionRatio"];
_terrainOffsetInImagery = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_terrainOffsetInImagery"];
_oneOverImagerySize = (Uniform <Vector2F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_oneOverImagerySize"];
_showImagery = (Uniform <bool>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_showImagery"];
_lighting = (Uniform <bool>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_shade"];
((Uniform <Vector3F>)_shaderProgram.Uniforms["u_globeRadiiSquared"]).Value =
ellipsoid.RadiiSquared.ToVector3F();
_renderState = new RenderState();
_renderState.FacetCulling.FrontFaceWindingOrder = fieldBlockMesh.FrontFaceWindingOrder;
_primitiveType = fieldBlockMesh.PrimitiveType;
float oneOverBlendedRegionSize = (float)(10.0 / _clipmapPosts);
_oneOverBlendedRegionSize.Value = new Vector2F(oneOverBlendedRegionSize, oneOverBlendedRegionSize);
float unblendedRegionSize = (float)(_clipmapSegments / 2 - _clipmapPosts / 10.0 - 1);
_unblendedRegionSize.Value = new Vector2F(unblendedRegionSize, unblendedRegionSize);
_useBlendRegions.Value = true;
_showImagery.Value = true;
_oneOverClipmapSize.Value = 1.0f / clipmapPosts;
_updater = new ClipmapUpdater(context, _clipmapLevels);
HeightExaggeration = 0.00001f;
}