/// <summary>
        /// Splits a reporting period into units-of-time by a specified granularity.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="reportingPeriod">The reporting period to split.</param>
        /// <param name="granularity">The granularity to use when splitting.</param>
        /// <param name="overflowStrategy">
        /// OPTIONAL strategy to use when <paramref name="granularity"/> is less granular than
        /// the <paramref name="reportingPeriod"/> and, when splitting, the resulting units-of-time
        /// cannot be aligned with the start and end of the reporting period.
        /// For example, splitting March 2015 - February 2017 by year results in 2015,2016,2017,
        /// however only 2016 is fully contained within the reporting period.
        /// The reporting period is missing January 2015 - February 2015 and March 2017 to December 2017.
        /// DEFAULT is to throw when this happens.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// Returns the units-of-time that split the specified reporting period by the specified granularity.
        /// The units-of-time will always be in the specified granularity, regardless of the granularity
        /// of the reporting period (e.g. splitting a fiscal month reporting period using yearly granularity
        /// will return <see cref="FiscalYear"/> objects).
        /// </returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="reportingPeriod"/> is null.</exception>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="reportingPeriod"/> has an <see cref="UnitOfTimeGranularity.Unbounded"/> component.</exception>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="granularity"/> is <see cref="UnitOfTimeGranularity.Invalid"/>.</exception>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="granularity"/> is <see cref="UnitOfTimeGranularity.Unbounded"/>.</exception>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException"><paramref name="overflowStrategy"/> is not <see cref="OverflowStrategy.ThrowOnOverflow"/>.</exception>
        /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">There was some overflow when splitting.</exception>
        public static IReadOnlyList <UnitOfTime> Split(
            this ReportingPeriod reportingPeriod,
            UnitOfTimeGranularity granularity,
            OverflowStrategy overflowStrategy = OverflowStrategy.ThrowOnOverflow)
        {
            if (reportingPeriod == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(reportingPeriod));
            }

            if (reportingPeriod.HasComponentWithUnboundedGranularity())
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(Invariant($"{nameof(reportingPeriod)} has an {nameof(UnitOfTimeGranularity.Unbounded)} component."));
            }

            if (granularity == UnitOfTimeGranularity.Invalid)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(Invariant($"'{nameof(granularity)}' == '{UnitOfTimeGranularity.Invalid}'"), (Exception)null);
            }

            if (granularity == UnitOfTimeGranularity.Unbounded)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(Invariant($"'{nameof(granularity)}' == '{UnitOfTimeGranularity.Unbounded}'"), (Exception)null);
            }

            if ((overflowStrategy != OverflowStrategy.ThrowOnOverflow) && (overflowStrategy != OverflowStrategy.DiscardOverflow))
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(Invariant($"'{nameof(overflowStrategy)}' is not one of {{{OverflowStrategy.ThrowOnOverflow}, {OverflowStrategy.DiscardOverflow}}}."), (Exception)null);
            }

            var reportingPeriodGranularity = reportingPeriod.GetUnitOfTimeGranularity();

            IReadOnlyList <UnitOfTime> result;

            if (reportingPeriodGranularity == granularity)
            {
                result = reportingPeriod.GetUnitsWithin();
            }
            else if (reportingPeriodGranularity.IsLessGranularThan(granularity))
            {
                result = reportingPeriod.MakeMoreGranular(granularity).GetUnitsWithin();
            }
            else
            {
                var lessGranularReportingPeriod = reportingPeriod.MakeLessGranular(
                    granularity,
                    throwOnMisalignment: overflowStrategy == OverflowStrategy.ThrowOnOverflow);

                result = lessGranularReportingPeriod.GetUnitsWithin();

                if (overflowStrategy == OverflowStrategy.DiscardOverflow)
                {
                    result = result.Where(reportingPeriod.Contains).ToList();
                }
            }

            return(result);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Converts the the specified reporting period into the least
        /// granular possible, but equivalent, reporting period.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="reportingPeriod">The reporting period to operate on.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// A reporting period that addresses the same set of time as <paramref name="reportingPeriod"/>,
        /// but is the least granular version possible of that reporting period.
        /// Any reporting period with one unbounded and one bounded component will be returned
        /// as-is (e.g. Unbounded to 12/31/2017 will not be converted to Unbounded to CalendarYear 2017).
        /// </returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="reportingPeriod"/> is null.</exception>
        public static ReportingPeriod ToLeastGranular(
            this ReportingPeriod reportingPeriod)
        {
            if (reportingPeriod == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(reportingPeriod));
            }

            ReportingPeriod result;

            if (reportingPeriod.HasComponentWithUnboundedGranularity())
            {
                result = reportingPeriod.DeepClone();
            }
            else
            {
                var targetGranularity = reportingPeriod.GetUnitOfTimeGranularity().OneNotchLessGranular();
                if (targetGranularity == UnitOfTimeGranularity.Unbounded)
                {
                    result = reportingPeriod.DeepClone();
                }
                else
                {
                    try
                    {
                        result = reportingPeriod.MakeLessGranular(targetGranularity).ToLeastGranular();
                    }
                    catch (InvalidOperationException)
                    {
                        result = reportingPeriod.DeepClone();
                    }
                }
            }

            return(result);
        }