private static void Write(int address, byte value)
{
BUS_RW_P = BUS_RW;
BUS_ADDRESS = address;
BUS_RW = false;
ClockComponents();
if (address < 0x2000)// Internal 2K Work RAM (mirrored to 800h-1FFFh)
{
WRAM[address & 0x7FF] = value;
}
else if (address < 0x4000)
{
#region Internal PPU Registers (mirrored to 2008h-3FFFh)
switch (address & 7)
{
case 0: // $2000
{
vram_temp = (vram_temp & 0x73FF) | ((value & 0x3) << 10);
vram_increament = ((value & 0x4) != 0) ? 32 : 1;
spr_patternAddress = ((value & 0x8) != 0) ? 0x1000 : 0x0000;
bkg_patternAddress = ((value & 0x10) != 0) ? 0x1000 : 0x0000;
spr_size16 = (value & 0x20) != 0 ? 0x0010 : 0x0008;
nmi_old = nmi_enabled;
nmi_enabled = (value & 0x80) != 0;
if (!nmi_enabled) // NMI disable effect only at vbl set period (HClock between 1 and 3)
{
if ((VClock == vbl_vclock_Start) && (HClock <= 3))
{
NMI_Current = (vbl_flag_temp & nmi_enabled);
}
}
else if (vbl_flag_temp & !nmi_old) // Special case ! NMI can be enabled anytime if vbl already set
{
NMI_Current = true;
}
break;
}
case 1: // $2001
{
grayscale = (value & 0x01) != 0 ? 0x30 : 0x3F;
emphasis = (value & 0xE0) << 1;
bkg_clipped = (value & 0x02) == 0;
spr_clipped = (value & 0x04) == 0;
bkg_enabled = (value & 0x08) != 0;
spr_enabled = (value & 0x10) != 0;
break;
}
case 3: // $2003
{
oam_address = value;
break;
}
case 4: // $2004
{
if (VClock < 240 && IsRenderingOn())
{
value = 0xFF;
}
if ((oam_address & 0x03) == 0x02)
{
value &= 0xE3;
}
oam_ram[oam_address++] = value;
break;
}
case 5: // $2005
{
if (!vram_flipflop)
{
vram_temp = (vram_temp & 0x7FE0) | ((value & 0xF8) >> 3);
vram_fine = (byte)(value & 0x07);
}
else
{
vram_temp = (vram_temp & 0x0C1F) | ((value & 0x7) << 12) | ((value & 0xF8) << 2);
}
vram_flipflop = !vram_flipflop;
break;
}
case 6: // $2006
{
if (!vram_flipflop)
{
vram_temp = (vram_temp & 0x00FF) | ((value & 0x3F) << 8);
}
else
{
vram_temp = (vram_temp & 0x7F00) | value;
vram_address = vram_temp;
board.OnPPUAddressUpdate(ref vram_address);
}
vram_flipflop = !vram_flipflop;
break;
}
case 7: // $2007
{
vram_address_temp_access = vram_address & 0x3FFF;
if (vram_address_temp_access < 0x2000)
{
board.WriteCHR(ref vram_address_temp_access, ref value);
}
else if (vram_address_temp_access < 0x3F00)
{
board.WriteNMT(ref vram_address_temp_access, ref value);
}
else
{
palettes_bank[vram_address_temp_access & ((vram_address_temp_access & 0x03) == 0 ? 0x0C : 0x1F)] = value;
}
vram_address = (vram_address + vram_increament) & 0x7FFF;
board.OnPPUAddressUpdate(ref vram_address);
break;
}
}
#endregion
}
else if (address < 0x4020)
{
#region Internal APU Registers
switch (address)
{
/*Pulse 1*/
case 0x4000:
{
sq1_volume_decay_time = value & 0xF;
sq1_duration_haltRequset = (value & 0x20) != 0;
sq1_constant_volume_flag = (value & 0x10) != 0;
sq1_envelope = sq1_constant_volume_flag ? sq1_volume_decay_time : sq1_env_counter;
sq1_dutyForm = (value & 0xC0) >> 6;
break;
}
case 0x4001:
{
sq1_sweepEnable = (value & 0x80) == 0x80;
sq1_sweepDeviderPeriod = (value >> 4) & 7;
sq1_sweepNegateFlag = (value & 0x8) == 0x8;
sq1_sweepShiftCount = value & 7;
sq1_sweepReload = true;
break;
}
case 0x4002:
{
sq1_frequency = (sq1_frequency & 0x0700) | value;
break;
}
case 0x4003:
{
sq1_duration_reload = DurationTable[value >> 3];
sq1_duration_reloadRequst = true;
sq1_frequency = (sq1_frequency & 0x00FF) | ((value & 7) << 8);
sq1_dutyStep = 0;
sq1_env_startflag = true;
break;
}
/*Pulse 2*/
case 0x4004:
{
sq2_volume_decay_time = value & 0xF;
sq2_duration_haltRequset = (value & 0x20) != 0;
sq2_constant_volume_flag = (value & 0x10) != 0;
sq2_envelope = sq2_constant_volume_flag ? sq2_volume_decay_time : sq2_env_counter;
sq2_dutyForm = (value & 0xC0) >> 6;
break;
}
case 0x4005:
{
sq2_sweepEnable = (value & 0x80) == 0x80;
sq2_sweepDeviderPeriod = (value >> 4) & 7;
sq2_sweepNegateFlag = (value & 0x8) == 0x8;
sq2_sweepShiftCount = value & 7;
sq2_sweepReload = true;
break;
}
case 0x4006:
{
sq2_frequency = (sq2_frequency & 0x0700) | value;
break;
}
case 0x4007:
{
sq2_duration_reload = DurationTable[value >> 3];
sq2_duration_reloadRequst = true;
sq2_frequency = (sq2_frequency & 0x00FF) | ((value & 7) << 8);
sq2_dutyStep = 0;
sq2_env_startflag = true;
break;
}
/*Triangle*/
case 0x4008:
{
trl_linearCounterHalt = trl_duration_haltRequset = (value & 0x80) != 0;
trl_linearCounterReload = (byte)(value & 0x7F);
break;
}
case 0x400A:
{
trl_frequency = (trl_frequency & 0x700) | value;
break;
}
case 0x400B:
{
trl_frequency = (trl_frequency & 0x00FF) | ((value & 7) << 8);
trl_duration_reload = DurationTable[value >> 3];
trl_duration_reloadRequst = true;
trl_halt = true;
break;
}
/*Noise*/
case 0x400C:
{
noz_volume_decay_time = value & 0xF;
noz_duration_haltRequset = (value & 0x20) != 0;
noz_constant_volume_flag = (value & 0x10) != 0;
noz_envelope = noz_constant_volume_flag ? noz_volume_decay_time : noz_env_counter;
break;
}
case 0x400E:
{
noz_frequency = NozFrequencyTable[systemIndex][value & 0x0F];
noz_mode = (value & 0x80) == 0x80;
break;
}
case 0x400F:
{
noz_duration_reload = DurationTable[value >> 3];
noz_duration_reloadRequst = true;
noz_env_startflag = true;
break;
}
/*DMC*/
case 0x4010:
{
DMCIrqEnabled = (value & 0x80) != 0;
dmc_dmaLooping = (value & 0x40) != 0;
if (!DMCIrqEnabled)
{
DeltaIrqOccur = false;
IRQFlags &= ~IRQ_DMC;
}
dmc_freqTimer = value & 0x0F;
break;
}
case 0x4011: { dmc_output = (byte)(value & 0x7F); break; }
case 0x4012: { dmc_dmaAddrRefresh = (value << 6) | 0xC000; break; }
case 0x4013: { dmc_dmaSizeRefresh = (value << 4) | 0x0001; break; }
case 0x4014:
{
dmaOamaddress = value << 8;
AssertOAMDMA();
break;
}
case 0x4015:
{
// SQ1
sq1_duration_reloadEnabled = (value & 0x01) != 0;
if (!sq1_duration_reloadEnabled)
{
sq1_duration_counter = 0;
}
// SQ2
sq2_duration_reloadEnabled = (value & 0x02) != 0;
if (!sq2_duration_reloadEnabled)
{
sq2_duration_counter = 0;
}
// TRL
trl_duration_reloadEnabled = (value & 0x04) != 0;
if (!trl_duration_reloadEnabled)
{
trl_duration_counter = 0;
}
// NOZ
noz_duration_reloadEnabled = (value & 0x08) != 0;
if (!noz_duration_reloadEnabled)
{
noz_duration_counter = 0;
}
// DMC
if ((value & 0x10) != 0)
{
if (dmc_dmaSize == 0)
{
dmc_dmaSize = dmc_dmaSizeRefresh;
dmc_dmaAddr = dmc_dmaAddrRefresh;
}
}
else
{
dmc_dmaSize = 0;
}
// Disable DMC IRQ
DeltaIrqOccur = false;
IRQFlags &= ~IRQ_DMC;
// RDY ?
if (!dmc_bufferFull && dmc_dmaSize > 0)
{
AssertDMCDMA();
}
break;
}
case 0x4016:
{
if (inputStrobe > (value & 0x01))
{
if (IsFourPlayers)
{
PORT0 = joypad3.GetData() << 8 | joypad1.GetData() | 0x01010000;
PORT1 = joypad4.GetData() << 8 | joypad2.GetData() | 0x02020000;
}
else
{
PORT0 = joypad1.GetData() | 0x01010100; // What is this ? see *
PORT1 = joypad2.GetData() | 0x02020200;
}
}
if (IsVSUnisystem)
{
board.VSUnisystem4016RW(ref value);
}
inputStrobe = value & 0x01;
break;
// * The data port is 24 bits length
// Each 8 bits indicates device, if that device is connected, then device data set on it normally...
// So we have 4 block of data on each register ([] indicate byte block here, let's call these blocks a SEQ)
// SEQ:
// [block 3] [block 2] [block 1] [block 0]
// 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
// ^ bit 23 ^ bit 0
// Let's say we connect joypad 1 and joypad2, then:
// In $4016: the data could be like this [00h][00h][00h][joy1]
// In $4017: the data could be like this [00h][00h][00h][joy2]
// Instead of having 00h value on other blocks, the read returns a bit set on each unused block
// to indicate that there's no device (i.e. joypad) is connected :
// In $4016 the first bit (i.e. bit 0) is set if no device connected on that block
// Example: [01h][01h][01h][joy1] (we only have joypad 1 connected so other blocks are blocked)
// In $4017 work the same but with second bit (i.e. bit 1) is set if no device connected on other blocks
// Example: [02h][02h][02h][joy2] (when we have joypad 2 connected so other blocks are blocked)
// If we connect 4 joypads then:
// $4016 : [01h][01h][joy3][joy1]
// $4017 : [02h][02h][joy4][joy2]
}
case 0x4017:
{
SequencingMode = (value & 0x80) != 0;
FrameIrqEnabled = (value & 0x40) == 0;
CurrentSeq = 0;
if (!SequencingMode)
{
Cycles = SequenceMode0[systemIndex][0];
}
else
{
Cycles = SequenceMode1[systemIndex][0];
}
if (!oddCycle)
{
Cycles++;
}
else
{
Cycles += 2;
}
if (!FrameIrqEnabled)
{
FrameIrqFlag = false;
IRQFlags &= ~IRQ_APU;
}
break;
}
}
#endregion
}
else if (address < 0x6000)// Cartridge Expansion Area almost 8K
{
if (IsVSUnisystem && address == 0x4020)
{
VSUnisystemDIP.Write4020(ref value);
}
board.WriteEXP(ref address, ref value);
}
else if (address < 0x8000)// Cartridge SRAM Area 8K
{
board.WriteSRM(ref address, ref value);
}
else if (address <= 0xFFFF)// Cartridge PRG-ROM Area 32K
{
board.WritePRG(ref address, ref value);
}
}
public void Write(int address, byte value)
{
BUS_RW_P = BUS_RW;
BUS_ADDRESS = address;
BUS_RW = false;
#region Clock Components
this.ppu.Clock();
/*
* NMI edge detector polls the status of the NMI line during φ2 of each CPU cycle
* (i.e., during the second half of each cycle)
*/
this.interrupts.PollInterruptStatus();
this.ppu.Clock();
this.ppu.Clock();
if (this.emulator.DoPalAdditionalClock) // In pal system ..
{
this.emulator.palCyc++;
if (this.emulator.palCyc == 5)
{
this.ppu.Clock();
this.emulator.palCyc = 0;
}
}
this.apu.Clock();
this.dma.Clock();
board.OnCPUClock();
#endregion
if (address < 0x2000) // Internal 2K Work RAM (mirrored to 800h-1FFFh)
{
WRAM[address & 0x7FF] = value;
}
else if (address < 0x4000)
{
#region Internal PPU Registers (mirrored to 2008h-3FFFh)
switch (address & 7)
{
case 0: // $2000
{
this.ppu.vram_temp = (this.ppu.vram_temp & 0x73FF) | ((value & 0x3) << 10);
this.ppu.vram_increament = ((value & 0x4) != 0) ? 32 : 1;
this.ppu.spr_patternAddress = ((value & 0x8) != 0) ? 0x1000 : 0x0000;
this.ppu.bkg_patternAddress = ((value & 0x10) != 0) ? 0x1000 : 0x0000;
this.ppu.spr_size16 = (value & 0x20) != 0 ? 0x0010 : 0x0008;
this.interrupts.nmi_old = this.interrupts.nmi_enabled;
this.interrupts.nmi_enabled = (value & 0x80) != 0;
if (!this.interrupts.nmi_enabled) // NMI disable effect only at vbl set period (HClock between 1 and 3)
{
this.interrupts.CheckNMI();
}
else if (this.interrupts.vbl_flag_temp & !this.interrupts.nmi_old) // Special case ! NMI can be enabled anytime if vbl already set
{
this.interrupts.NMI_Current = true;
}
break;
}
case 1: // $2001
{
this.ppu.grayscale = (value & 0x01) != 0 ? 0x30 : 0x3F;
this.ppu.emphasis = (value & 0xE0) << 1;
this.ppu.bkg_clipped = (value & 0x02) == 0;
this.ppu.spr_clipped = (value & 0x04) == 0;
this.ppu.bkg_enabled = (value & 0x08) != 0;
this.ppu.spr_enabled = (value & 0x10) != 0;
break;
}
case 3: // $2003
{
this.ppu.oam_address = value;
break;
}
case 4: // $2004
{
if (this.ppu.VClock < 240 && this.ppu.IsRenderingOn())
{
value = 0xFF;
}
if ((this.ppu.oam_address & 0x03) == 0x02)
{
value &= 0xE3;
}
oam_ram[this.ppu.oam_address++] = value;
break;
}
case 5: // $2005
{
if (!this.ppu.vram_flipflop)
{
this.ppu.vram_temp = (this.ppu.vram_temp & 0x7FE0) | ((value & 0xF8) >> 3);
this.ppu.vram_fine = (byte)(value & 0x07);
}
else
{
this.ppu.vram_temp = (this.ppu.vram_temp & 0x0C1F) | ((value & 0x7) << 12) | ((value & 0xF8) << 2);
}
this.ppu.vram_flipflop = !this.ppu.vram_flipflop;
break;
}
case 6: // $2006
{
if (!this.ppu.vram_flipflop)
{
this.ppu.vram_temp = (this.ppu.vram_temp & 0x00FF) | ((value & 0x3F) << 8);
}
else
{
this.ppu.vram_temp = (this.ppu.vram_temp & 0x7F00) | value;
this.ppu.vram_address = this.ppu.vram_temp;
board.OnPPUAddressUpdate(ref this.ppu.vram_address);
}
this.ppu.vram_flipflop = !this.ppu.vram_flipflop;
break;
}
case 7: // $2007
{
this.ppu.vram_address_temp_access = this.ppu.vram_address & 0x3FFF;
if (this.ppu.vram_address_temp_access < 0x2000)
{
board.WriteCHR(ref this.ppu.vram_address_temp_access, ref value);
}
else if (this.ppu.vram_address_temp_access < 0x3F00)
{
board.WriteNMT(ref this.ppu.vram_address_temp_access, ref value);
}
else
{
palettes_bank[this.ppu.vram_address_temp_access & ((this.ppu.vram_address_temp_access & 0x03) == 0 ? 0x0C : 0x1F)] = value;
}
this.ppu.vram_address = (this.ppu.vram_address + this.ppu.vram_increament) & 0x7FFF;
board.OnPPUAddressUpdate(ref this.ppu.vram_address);
break;
}
}
#endregion
}
else if (address < 0x4020)
{
#region Internal APU Registers
switch (address)
{
/*Pulse 1*/
case 0x4000:
case 0x4001:
case 0x4002:
case 0x4003:
{
this.apu.pulse1Channel.WriteByte(address, value);
break;
}
/*Pulse 2*/
case 0x4004:
case 0x4005:
case 0x4006:
case 0x4007:
{
this.apu.pulse2Channel.WriteByte(address, value);
break;
}
/*Triangle*/
case 0x4008:
case 0x400A:
case 0x400B:
{
this.apu.triangleChannel.WriteByte(address, value);
break;
}
/*Noise*/
case 0x400C:
case 0x400E:
case 0x400F:
{
this.apu.noiseChannel.WriteByte(address, value);
break;
}
/*DMC*/
case 0x4010:
{
this.apu.dmcChannel.DMCIrqEnabled = (value & 0x80) != 0;
this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaLooping = (value & 0x40) != 0;
if (!this.apu.dmcChannel.DMCIrqEnabled)
{
this.apu.dmcChannel.DeltaIrqOccur = false;
Interrupts.IRQFlags &= ~Interrupts.IRQ_DMC;
}
this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_freqTimer = value & 0x0F;
break;
}
case 0x4011:
{
this.apu.dmcChannel.Output = (byte)(value & 0x7F);
break;
}
case 0x4012:
{
this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaAddrRefresh = (value << 6) | 0xC000;
break;
}
case 0x4013:
{
this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaSizeRefresh = (value << 4) | 0x0001;
break;
}
case 0x4014:
{
this.dma.dmaOamaddress = value << 8;
this.dma.AssertOAMDMA();
break;
}
case 0x4015:
{
// SQ1
this.apu.pulse1Channel.Duration_reloadEnabled = (value & 0x01) != 0;
if (!this.apu.pulse1Channel.Duration_reloadEnabled)
{
this.apu.pulse1Channel.Duration_counter = 0;
}
// SQ2
this.apu.pulse2Channel.Duration_reloadEnabled = (value & 0x02) != 0;
if (!this.apu.pulse2Channel.Duration_reloadEnabled)
{
this.apu.pulse2Channel.Duration_counter = 0;
}
// TRL
this.apu.triangleChannel.Duration_reloadEnabled = (value & 0x04) != 0;
if (!this.apu.triangleChannel.Duration_reloadEnabled)
{
this.apu.triangleChannel.Duration_counter = 0;
}
// NOZ
this.apu.noiseChannel.Duration_reloadEnabled = (value & 0x08) != 0;
if (!this.apu.noiseChannel.Duration_reloadEnabled)
{
this.apu.noiseChannel.Duration_counter = 0;
}
// DMC
if ((value & 0x10) != 0)
{
if (this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaSize == 0)
{
this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaSize = this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaSizeRefresh;
this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaAddr = this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaAddrRefresh;
}
}
else
{
this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaSize = 0;
}
// Disable DMC IRQ
this.apu.dmcChannel.DeltaIrqOccur = false;
Interrupts.IRQFlags &= ~Interrupts.IRQ_DMC;
// RDY ?
if (!this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_bufferFull && this.apu.dmcChannel.dmc_dmaSize > 0)
{
this.dma.AssertDMCDMA();
}
break;
}
case 0x4016:
{
if (this.input.inputStrobe > (value & 0x01))
{
if (this.input.IsFourPlayers)
{
this.input.PORT0 = this.input.joypad3.GetData() << 8 | this.input.joypad1.GetData() | 0x01010000;
this.input.PORT1 = this.input.joypad4.GetData() << 8 | this.input.joypad2.GetData() | 0x02020000;
}
else
{
this.input.PORT0 = this.input.joypad1.GetData() | 0x01010100; // What is this ? see *
this.input.PORT1 = this.input.joypad2.GetData() | 0x02020200;
}
}
if (this.legacy.IsVSUnisystem)
{
board.VSUnisystem4016RW(ref value);
}
this.input.inputStrobe = value & 0x01;
break;
// * The data port is 24 bits length
// Each 8 bits indicates device, if that device is connected, then device data set on it normally...
// So we have 4 block of data on each register ([] indicate byte block here, let's call these blocks a SEQ)
// SEQ:
// [block 3] [block 2] [block 1] [block 0]
// 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
// ^ bit 23 ^ bit 0
// Let's say we connect joypad 1 and joypad2, then:
// In $4016: the data could be like this [00h][00h][00h][joy1]
// In $4017: the data could be like this [00h][00h][00h][joy2]
// Instead of having 00h value on other blocks, the read returns a bit set on each unused block
// to indicate that there's no device (i.e. joypad) is connected :
// In $4016 the first bit (i.e. bit 0) is set if no device connected on that block
// Example: [01h][01h][01h][joy1] (we only have joypad 1 connected so other blocks are blocked)
// In $4017 work the same but with second bit (i.e. bit 1) is set if no device connected on other blocks
// Example: [02h][02h][02h][joy2] (when we have joypad 2 connected so other blocks are blocked)
// If we connect 4 joypads then:
// $4016 : [01h][01h][joy3][joy1]
// $4017 : [02h][02h][joy4][joy2]
}
case 0x4017:
{
this.apu.SequencingMode = (value & 0x80) != 0;
this.apu.FrameIrqEnabled = (value & 0x40) == 0;
this.apu.CurrentSeq = 0;
if (!this.apu.SequencingMode)
{
this.apu.Cycles = Apu.SequenceMode0[this.apu.SystemIndex][0];
}
else
{
this.apu.Cycles = Apu.SequenceMode1[this.apu.SystemIndex][0];
}
if (!this.apu.oddCycle)
{
this.apu.Cycles++;
}
else
{
this.apu.Cycles += 2;
}
if (!this.apu.FrameIrqEnabled)
{
this.apu.FrameIrqFlag = false;
Interrupts.IRQFlags &= ~Interrupts.IRQ_APU;
}
break;
}
}
#endregion
}
else if (address < 0x6000) // Cartridge Expansion Area almost 8K
{
if (this.legacy.IsVSUnisystem && address == 0x4020)
{
this.input.VSUnisystemDIP.Write4020(ref value);
}
board.WriteEXP(ref address, ref value);
}
else if (address < 0x8000) // Cartridge SRAM Area 8K
{
board.WriteSRM(ref address, ref value);
}
else if (address <= 0xFFFF) // Cartridge PRG-ROM Area 32K
{
board.WritePRG(ref address, ref value);
}
}