/// <inheritdoc/>
internal override void OnDraw(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, Rectangle rectangle, Vector2F topLeftPosition, Vector2F bottomRightPosition)
{
if (Submesh != null)
{
Submesh.Draw();
}
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
#region Methods
//--------------------------------------------------------------
/// <summary>
/// Sets the road mesh and related properties.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="submesh">The submesh that represents the road.</param>
/// <param name="aabb">The axis-aligned bounding box of the mesh.</param>
/// <param name="roadLength">The length of the road in world space units.</param>
/// <param name="disposeWithRoadLayer">
/// <see langword="true" /> to automatically dispose of the mesh when the
/// <see cref="TerrainRoadLayer"/> is disposed of; otherwise, <see langword="false"/>.
/// </param>
/// <remarks>
/// <see cref="CreateMesh"/> can be used to create a suitable mesh.
/// </remarks>
public void SetMesh(Submesh submesh, Aabb aabb, float roadLength, bool disposeWithRoadLayer)
{
Submesh = submesh;
Aabb = aabb;
RoadLength = roadLength;
_disposeMesh = disposeWithRoadLayer;
}
public static Submesh CreateTeapot(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, float size, int tessellation)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (tessellation < 1)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("tessellation");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var teapot = new Teapot(size, tessellation);
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
teapot.Vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(teapot.Vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
teapot.Indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(teapot.Indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = teapot.Indices.Length / 3;
return submesh;
}
public void GetMesh(Shape shape, out Submesh submesh, out Matrix44F matrix)
{
ThrowIfDisposed();
if (shape == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("shape");
var index = GetCacheIndex(shape);
if (index >= 0)
{
// Found cache entry!
var entry = _cache[index];
Debug.Assert(entry.ShapeWeak.Target == shape, "ShapeMeshCache.GetCacheIndex() returned wrong index.");
// Get submesh from strong or weak reference.
submesh = entry.Submesh ?? (Submesh)entry.SubmeshWeak.Target;
matrix = entry.Matrix;
if (submesh != null)
{
// Recreate submesh if number of triangles in TriangleMeshShape has changed.
var triangleMeshShape = shape as TriangleMeshShape;
if (triangleMeshShape != null && triangleMeshShape.Mesh.NumberOfTriangles != submesh.PrimitiveCount)
{
DisposeMesh(entry);
submesh = null;
}
}
// Recreate submesh if necessary.
if (submesh == null)
CreateMesh(shape, out submesh, out matrix);
_cache[index].Submesh = submesh;
_cache[index].Matrix = matrix;
_cache[index].Age = 0;
}
else
{
// No cache entry found.
// GetCacheIndex returns the bitwise complement of the next index.
index = ~index;
// No submesh in cache.
CreateMesh(shape, out submesh, out matrix);
var entry = new CacheEntry(shape)
{
HashCode = _tempEntry.HashCode,
Age = 0,
Submesh = submesh,
Matrix = matrix,
};
_cache.Insert(index, entry);
// If shape changes, we must invalidate the cache entry:
shape.Changed += OnCachedShapeChanged;
}
}
public SubmeshSample(Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game game)
: base(game)
{
SampleFramework.IsMouseVisible = false;
var delegateGraphicsScreen = new DelegateGraphicsScreen(GraphicsService)
{
RenderCallback = Render,
};
GraphicsService.Screens.Insert(0, delegateGraphicsScreen);
// Add a custom game object which controls the camera.
_cameraObject = new CameraObject(Services);
GameObjectService.Objects.Add(_cameraObject);
var graphicsDevice = GraphicsService.GraphicsDevice;
// The MeshHelper class can create submeshes for several basic shapes:
_sphere = MeshHelper.CreateUVSphere(graphicsDevice, 20);
_torus = MeshHelper.CreateTorus(graphicsDevice, 0.5f, 0.667f, 16);
_teapot = MeshHelper.CreateTeapot(graphicsDevice, 1, 8);
// MeshHelper.CreateBox() returns a new submesh for a box. Instead we can call
// MeshHelper.GetBox(), which returns a shared submesh. - GetBox() will always
// return the same instance.
_box = MeshHelper.GetBox(GraphicsService);
// We can also create a submesh that uses line primitives.
_cone = MeshHelper.GetConeLines(GraphicsService);
// We use a normal XNA BasicEffect to render the submeshes.
_effect = new BasicEffect(graphicsDevice) { PreferPerPixelLighting = true };
_effect.EnableDefaultLighting();
}
public static TriangleMesh ToTriangleMesh(this Submesh submesh)
{
var triangleMesh = new TriangleMesh();
ToTriangleMesh(submesh, triangleMesh);
return(triangleMesh);
}
public static Submesh CreateBoxLines(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.LineList,
};
var vertices = new[]
{
new Vector3F(-0.5f, -0.5f, +0.5f),
new Vector3F(+0.5f, -0.5f, +0.5f),
new Vector3F(+0.5f, +0.5f, +0.5f),
new Vector3F(-0.5f, +0.5f, +0.5f),
new Vector3F(-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f),
new Vector3F(+0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f),
new Vector3F(+0.5f, +0.5f, -0.5f),
new Vector3F(-0.5f, +0.5f, -0.5f)
};
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPosition.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new ushort[]
{
0, 1,
1, 2,
2, 3,
3, 0,
4, 5,
5, 6,
6, 7,
7, 4,
0, 4,
1, 5,
2, 6,
3, 7
};
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 2;
return submesh;
}
public static Submesh CreateCircleLines(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.LineList,
};
// Create vertices for a circle on the floor.
var vertices = new Vector3F[numberOfSegments];
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float y = (float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices[i] = new Vector3F(x, y, 0);
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPosition.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// Create indices for base circle.
var indices = new ushort[2 * numberOfSegments];
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
indices[2 * i] = (ushort)i;
indices[2 * i + 1] = (ushort)(i + 1);
}
// Correct last index to be 0 to close circle.
indices[2 * numberOfSegments - 1] = 0;
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 2;
return(submesh);
}
public static Submesh CreateIcosphere(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSubdivisions)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfSubdivisions < 1)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSubdivisions", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 0");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var mesh = GeometryHelper.CreateIcosphere(numberOfSubdivisions, false);
int numberOfVertices = mesh.Vertices.Count;
var vertexData = new VertexPositionNormal[numberOfVertices];
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfVertices; i++)
{
Vector3 v = (Vector3)mesh.Vertices[i];
vertexData[i] = new VertexPositionNormal(v, v);
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertexData.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertexData);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
int numberOfTriangles = mesh.NumberOfTriangles;
int numberOfIndices = mesh.Indices.Count;
var indexData = new ushort[numberOfIndices];
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfTriangles; i++)
{
// Flip vertex order. (DigitalRune Geometry uses CCW, XNA uses CW.)
indexData[3 * i + 0] = (ushort)mesh.Indices[3 * i + 0];
indexData[3 * i + 2] = (ushort)mesh.Indices[3 * i + 1];
indexData[3 * i + 1] = (ushort)mesh.Indices[3 * i + 2];
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indexData.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indexData);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indexData.Length / 3;
return(submesh);
}
public static void Draw(this Submesh submesh)
{
if (submesh == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("submesh");
}
Debug.Assert(!submesh.HasMorphTargets, "Submesh without morph targets expected.");
var vertexBuffer = submesh.VertexBuffer;
if (vertexBuffer == null || submesh.VertexCount <= 0)
{
return;
}
// VertexBuffer.GraphicsDevice is set to null when VertexBuffer is disposed of.
// Check VertexBuffer.IsDisposed to avoid NullReferenceException.
if (vertexBuffer.IsDisposed)
{
throw new ObjectDisposedException("VertexBuffer", "Cannot draw mesh. The vertex buffer has already been disposed of.");
}
var graphicsDevice = vertexBuffer.GraphicsDevice;
graphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer);
var indexBuffer = submesh.IndexBuffer;
if (indexBuffer == null)
{
graphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(
submesh.PrimitiveType,
submesh.StartVertex,
submesh.PrimitiveCount);
}
else
{
graphicsDevice.Indices = indexBuffer;
#if MONOGAME
graphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
submesh.PrimitiveType,
submesh.StartVertex,
submesh.StartIndex,
submesh.PrimitiveCount);
#else
graphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
submesh.PrimitiveType,
submesh.StartVertex,
0,
submesh.VertexCount,
submesh.StartIndex,
submesh.PrimitiveCount);
#endif
}
}
public static Submesh CreateCircleLines(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.LineList,
};
// Create vertices for a circle on the floor.
var vertices = new Vector3F[numberOfSegments];
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float y = (float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices[i] = new Vector3F(x, y, 0);
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPosition.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// Create indices for base circle.
var indices = new ushort[2 * numberOfSegments];
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
indices[2 * i] = (ushort)i;
indices[2 * i + 1] = (ushort)(i + 1);
}
// Correct last index to be 0 to close circle.
indices[2 * numberOfSegments - 1] = 0;
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 2;
return submesh;
}
public static Submesh CreateIcosphere(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSubdivisions)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfSubdivisions < 1)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSubdivisions", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 0");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var mesh = GeometryHelper.CreateIcosphere(numberOfSubdivisions, false);
int numberOfVertices = mesh.Vertices.Count;
var vertexData = new VertexPositionNormal[numberOfVertices];
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfVertices; i++)
{
Vector3 v = (Vector3)mesh.Vertices[i];
vertexData[i] = new VertexPositionNormal(v, v);
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertexData.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertexData);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
int numberOfTriangles = mesh.NumberOfTriangles;
int numberOfIndices = mesh.Indices.Count;
var indexData = new ushort[numberOfIndices];
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfTriangles; i++)
{
// Flip vertex order. (DigitalRune Geometry uses CCW, XNA uses CW.)
indexData[3* i + 0] = (ushort)mesh.Indices[3 * i + 0];
indexData[3 * i + 2] = (ushort)mesh.Indices[3 * i + 1];
indexData[3 * i + 1] = (ushort)mesh.Indices[3 * i + 2];
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indexData.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indexData);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indexData.Length / 3;
return submesh;
}
public static void GetMesh(IGraphicsService graphicsService, Shape shape, out Submesh submesh, out Matrix44F matrix)
{
// Update submesh.
var graphicsManager = graphicsService as GraphicsManager;
if (graphicsManager != null)
{
graphicsManager.ShapeMeshCache.GetMesh(shape, out submesh, out matrix);
}
else
{
// This happens if the user has implemented his own graphics manager -
// which is very unlikely.
submesh = MeshHelper.CreateSubmesh(graphicsService.GraphicsDevice, shape.GetMesh(0.05f, 4), MathHelper.ToRadians(70));
matrix = Matrix44F.Identity;
}
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!IsDisposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
// Dispose managed resources.
if (_disposeMesh)
{
Submesh.SafeDispose();
}
}
// Release unmanaged resources.
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
public static Submesh CreateTeapot(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, float size, int tessellation)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (tessellation < 1)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("tessellation");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var teapot = new Teapot(size, tessellation);
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
teapot.Vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(teapot.Vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
teapot.Indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(teapot.Indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = teapot.Indices.Length / 3;
return(submesh);
}
public static Material GetMaterial(this Submesh submesh)
{
if (submesh == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("submesh");
}
var mesh = submesh.Mesh;
if (mesh == null)
{
return(null);
}
var index = submesh.MaterialIndex;
if (0 <= index && index < mesh.Materials.Count)
{
return(mesh.Materials[index]);
}
return(null);
}
private void CreateMesh(Shape shape, out Submesh submesh, out Matrix44F matrix)
{
// Use a special shared submesh for box shapes.
var boxShape = shape as BoxShape;
if (boxShape != null)
{
if (_boxSubmesh == null)
_boxSubmesh = MeshHelper.GetBox(_graphicsService);
submesh = _boxSubmesh;
matrix = Matrix44F.CreateScale(boxShape.Extent);
return;
}
var transformedShape = shape as TransformedShape;
boxShape = (transformedShape != null) ? transformedShape.Child.Shape as BoxShape : null;
if (boxShape != null)
{
if (_boxSubmesh == null)
_boxSubmesh = MeshHelper.GetBox(_graphicsService);
submesh = _boxSubmesh;
matrix = transformedShape.Child.Pose
* Matrix44F.CreateScale(transformedShape.Child.Scale * boxShape.Extent);
return;
}
// Create the submesh. Return EmptySubmesh if the MeshHelper returns null.
var newSubmesh = MeshHelper.CreateSubmesh(
_graphicsService.GraphicsDevice,
shape.GetMesh(MeshRelativeError, MeshIterationLimit),
NormalAngleLimit);
submesh = newSubmesh ?? EmptySubmesh;
matrix = Matrix44F.Identity;
}
public static Submesh CreateCylinder(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var vertices = new List <VertexPositionNormal>();
// Top cap
Vector3 normal = Vector3.UnitY;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, 1, 0), normal));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, 1, z), normal));
}
// Bottom cap
normal = -Vector3.UnitY;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, -1, 0), normal));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, -1, z), normal));
}
// Side
int baseIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, 1, z), new Vector3(x, 0, z)));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, -1, z), new Vector3(x, 0, z)));
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new List <ushort>();
// Top cap
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 1));
}
// Last triangle of top cap.
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add(1);
indices.Add((ushort)numberOfSegments);
// Bottom cap
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i + 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i + 3));
}
// Last triangle of bottom cap.
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 2));
// Side
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + 2 * i));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + 2 * i + 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + 2 * i + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + 2 * i + 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + 2 * i + 3));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + 2 * i + 1));
}
// Indices of last 2 triangle.
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments - 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments - 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments - 1));
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3;
return(submesh);
}
public static Submesh CreateHemisphere(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
// The number of rings.
int numberOfRings = numberOfSegments / 4;
int numberOfVertices = numberOfSegments * numberOfRings + 1;
var vertices = new VertexPositionNormal[numberOfVertices];
// Create rings.
float angle = ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
// Next free index in vertices.
int i = 0;
// Top vertex.
vertices[i++] = new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, 1, 0), new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
// Compute vertices for rings from pole to equator and from the x-axis in
// counterclockwise direction (when viewed from top).
for (int ring = 0; ring < numberOfRings; ring++)
{
float upAngle = angle * (ring + 1);
float y = (float)Math.Cos(upAngle);
float ringRadius = (float)Math.Sin(upAngle);
for (int segment = 0; segment < numberOfSegments; segment++)
{
float x = ringRadius * (float)Math.Cos(angle * segment);
float z = ringRadius * (float)Math.Sin(angle * segment);
vertices[i++] = new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, y, z), new Vector3(x, y, z));
}
}
Debug.Assert(i == numberOfVertices);
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// Build array of indices.
int numberOfTriangles = numberOfSegments // Triangles in top cap.
+ numberOfSegments * 2 * (numberOfRings - 1);
int numberOfIndices = 3 * numberOfTriangles;
var indices = new ushort[numberOfIndices];
i = 0;
// Indices for top cap.
for (int segment = 0; segment < numberOfSegments; segment++)
{
indices[i++] = 0;
indices[i++] = (ushort)(segment + 1);
if (segment + 1 < numberOfSegments)
{
indices[i++] = (ushort)(segment + 2);
}
else
{
indices[i++] = 1; // Wrap around to first vertex of the first ring.
}
}
// Indices for rings between the caps.
for (int ring = 1; ring < numberOfRings; ring++)
{
for (int segment = 0; segment < numberOfSegments; segment++)
{
// Each segment has 2 triangles.
if (segment + 1 < numberOfSegments)
{
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments + segment);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments + segment + 1);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments + segment + 1);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment + 1);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment);
}
else
{
// Handle wrap around.
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments + segment);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment);
}
}
}
Debug.Assert(i == numberOfIndices);
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 3;
return(submesh);
}
public static Submesh CreateTorus(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, float radius, float thickness, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var vertices = new List<VertexPositionNormal>();
var indices = new List<ushort>();
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float outerAngle = i * MathHelper.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
// Create a transformation that will align geometry to slice perpendicularly
// though the current ring position.
Matrix transform = Matrix.CreateTranslation(radius, 0, 0) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(outerAngle);
// Now loop along the other axis, around the side of the tube.
for (int j = 0; j < numberOfSegments; j++)
{
float innerAngle = j * MathHelper.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float dx = (float)Math.Cos(innerAngle);
float dy = (float)Math.Sin(innerAngle);
// Create a vertex.
Vector3 normal = new Vector3(dx, dy, 0);
Vector3 position = normal * thickness / 2.0f;
position = Vector3.Transform(position, transform);
normal = Vector3.TransformNormal(normal, transform);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(position, normal));
// And create indices for two triangles.
int nextI = (i + 1) % numberOfSegments;
int nextJ = (j + 1) % numberOfSegments;
indices.Add((ushort)(i * numberOfSegments + j));
indices.Add((ushort)(i * numberOfSegments + nextJ));
indices.Add((ushort)(nextI * numberOfSegments + j));
indices.Add((ushort)(i * numberOfSegments + nextJ));
indices.Add((ushort)(nextI * numberOfSegments + nextJ));
indices.Add((ushort)(nextI * numberOfSegments + j));
}
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3;
return submesh;
}
public static Submesh CreateHemisphereLines(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.LineList,
};
// Create vertices for a circle on the floor.
var vertices = new List <Vector3F>();
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
vertices.Add(new Vector3F((float)Math.Cos(angle), 0, -(float)Math.Sin(angle)));
}
// Top vertex of the sphere.
var topVertexIndex = vertices.Count;
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(0, 1, 0));
// 4 quarter arcs. Each arc starts at the base circle and ends at the top vertex. We already
// have the first and last vertex.
// Arc from +x to top.
int firstArcIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
float angle = (i + 1) * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
vertices.Add(new Vector3F((float)Math.Cos(angle), (float)Math.Sin(angle), 0));
}
// Arc from -z to top. (Copy from first arc.)
int secondArcIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
Vector3F p = vertices[firstArcIndex + i];
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(0, p.Y, -p.X));
}
// Arc from -x to top. (Copy from first arc.)
int thirdArcIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
Vector3F p = vertices[firstArcIndex + i];
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(-p.X, p.Y, 0));
}
// Arc from +z to top. (Copy from first arc.)
int fourthArcIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
Vector3F p = vertices[firstArcIndex + i];
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(0, p.Y, p.X));
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPosition.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new List <ushort>();
// Create indices for base circle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)i); // Line start (= same as previous line end)
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 1)); // Line end
}
// Correct last index to be 0 to close circle.
indices[(ushort)(2 * numberOfSegments - 1)] = 0;
// Indices for first arc.
indices.Add(0); // Line start
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(firstArcIndex + i)); // Line end
indices.Add((ushort)(firstArcIndex + i)); // Line start (= same as previous line end)
}
indices.Add((ushort)topVertexIndex); // Line end
// Next arcs
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments / 4));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(secondArcIndex + i));
indices.Add((ushort)(secondArcIndex + i));
}
indices.Add((ushort)topVertexIndex);
indices.Add((ushort)(2 * numberOfSegments / 4));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(thirdArcIndex + i));
indices.Add((ushort)(thirdArcIndex + i));
}
indices.Add((ushort)topVertexIndex);
indices.Add((ushort)(3 * numberOfSegments / 4));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(fourthArcIndex + i));
indices.Add((ushort)(fourthArcIndex + i));
}
indices.Add((ushort)topVertexIndex);
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 2;
return(submesh);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
/// <summary>
/// Sets the road mesh and related properties.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="submesh">The submesh that represents the road.</param>
/// <param name="aabb">The axis-aligned bounding box of the mesh.</param>
/// <param name="roadLength">The length of the road in world space units.</param>
/// <param name="disposeWithRoadLayer">
/// <see langword="true" /> to automatically dispose of the mesh when the
/// <see cref="TerrainRoadLayer"/> is disposed of; otherwise, <see langword="false"/>.
/// </param>
/// <remarks>
/// <see cref="CreateMesh"/> can be used to create a suitable mesh.
/// </remarks>
public void SetMesh(Submesh submesh, Aabb aabb, float roadLength, bool disposeWithRoadLayer)
{
Submesh = submesh;
Aabb = aabb;
RoadLength = roadLength;
_disposeMesh = disposeWithRoadLayer;
}
public static void CreateMesh(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, Path3F path, float defaultWidth,
int maxNumberOfIterations, float tolerance,
out Submesh submesh, out Aabb aabb, out float roadLength)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (path == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("path");
}
// Compute list of line segments. (2 points per line segment!)
var flattenedPoints = new List <Vector3F>();
path.Flatten(flattenedPoints, maxNumberOfIterations, tolerance);
// Abort if path is empty.
int numberOfLineSegments = flattenedPoints.Count / 2;
if (numberOfLineSegments <= 0)
{
submesh = null;
aabb = new Aabb();
roadLength = 0;
return;
}
// Compute accumulated lengths. (One entry for each entry in flattenedPoints.)
float[] accumulatedLengths = new float[flattenedPoints.Count];
accumulatedLengths[0] = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < flattenedPoints.Count; i += 2)
{
Vector3F previous = flattenedPoints[i - 1];
Vector3F current = flattenedPoints[i];
float length = (current - previous).Length;
accumulatedLengths[i] = accumulatedLengths[i - 1] + length;
if (i + 1 < flattenedPoints.Count)
{
accumulatedLengths[i + 1] = accumulatedLengths[i];
}
}
// Total road length.
roadLength = accumulatedLengths[accumulatedLengths.Length - 1];
// Create a mapping between accumulatedLength and the path key widths.
// (accumulatedLength --> TerrainRoadPathKey.Width)
var widthKeys = new List <Pair <float, float> >();
{
int index = 0;
foreach (var key in path)
{
Vector3F position = key.Point;
var roadKey = key as TerrainRoadPathKey;
float width = (roadKey != null) ? roadKey.Width : defaultWidth;
for (; index < flattenedPoints.Count; index++)
{
if (Vector3F.AreNumericallyEqual(position, flattenedPoints[index]))
{
widthKeys.Add(new Pair <float, float>(accumulatedLengths[index], width));
break;
}
bool isLastLineSegment = (index + 2 == flattenedPoints.Count);
if (!isLastLineSegment)
{
index++;
}
}
index++;
}
}
// Create a list of interpolated road widths. (One entry for each entry in flattenedPoints.)
var widths = new float[flattenedPoints.Count];
int previousKeyIndex = 0;
var previousKey = widthKeys[0];
var nextKey = widthKeys[1];
widths[0] = widthKeys[0].Second;
for (int i = 1; i < flattenedPoints.Count; i += 2)
{
if (accumulatedLengths[i] > nextKey.First)
{
previousKey = nextKey;
previousKeyIndex++;
nextKey = widthKeys[previousKeyIndex + 1];
}
float p = (accumulatedLengths[i] - previousKey.First) / (nextKey.First - previousKey.First);
widths[i] = InterpolationHelper.Lerp(previousKey.Second, nextKey.Second, p);
if (i + 1 < flattenedPoints.Count)
{
widths[i + 1] = widths[i];
}
}
// Compute vertices and indices.
var vertices = new List <TerrainLayerVertex>(numberOfLineSegments * 2 + 2);
var indices = new List <int>(numberOfLineSegments * 6); // Two triangles per line segment.
Vector3F lastOrthonormal = Vector3F.UnitX;
aabb = new Aabb(flattenedPoints[0], flattenedPoints[0]);
bool isClosed = Vector3F.AreNumericallyEqual(flattenedPoints[0], flattenedPoints[flattenedPoints.Count - 1]);
for (int i = 0; i < flattenedPoints.Count; i++)
{
Vector3F start = flattenedPoints[i];
Vector3F previous;
bool isFirstPoint = (i == 0);
if (!isFirstPoint)
{
previous = flattenedPoints[i - 1];
}
else if (isClosed && path.SmoothEnds)
{
previous = flattenedPoints[flattenedPoints.Count - 2];
}
else
{
previous = start;
}
Vector3F next;
bool isLastPoint = (i + 1 == flattenedPoints.Count);
if (!isLastPoint)
{
next = flattenedPoints[i + 1];
}
else if (isClosed && path.SmoothEnds)
{
next = flattenedPoints[1];
}
else
{
next = start;
}
Vector3F tangent = next - previous;
Vector3F orthonormal = new Vector3F(tangent.Z, 0, -tangent.X);
if (!orthonormal.TryNormalize())
{
orthonormal = lastOrthonormal;
}
// Add indices to add two triangles between the current and the next vertices.
if (!isLastPoint)
{
int baseIndex = vertices.Count;
// 2 3
// x----x
// |\ | ^
// | \ | | road
// | \ | | direction
// | \| |
// x----x
// 0 1
indices.Add(baseIndex);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 1);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 2);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 1);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 3);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 2);
}
// Add two vertices.
Vector3F leftVertex = start - orthonormal * (widths[i] / 2);
Vector3F rightVertex = start + orthonormal * (widths[i] / 2);
vertices.Add(new TerrainLayerVertex(new Vector2(leftVertex.X, leftVertex.Z), new Vector2(0, accumulatedLengths[i])));
vertices.Add(new TerrainLayerVertex(new Vector2(rightVertex.X, rightVertex.Z), new Vector2(1, accumulatedLengths[i])));
// Grow AABB
aabb.Grow(leftVertex);
aabb.Grow(rightVertex);
lastOrthonormal = orthonormal;
// The flattened points list contains 2 points per line segment, which means that there
// are duplicate intermediate points, which we skip.
bool isLastLineSegment = (i + 2 == flattenedPoints.Count);
if (!isLastLineSegment)
{
i++;
}
}
Debug.Assert(vertices.Count == (numberOfLineSegments * 2 + 2));
Debug.Assert(indices.Count == (numberOfLineSegments * 6));
// The road is projected onto the terrain, therefore the computed y limits are not correct.
// (unless the terrain was clamped to the road).
aabb.Minimum.Y = 0;
aabb.Maximum.Y = 0;
// Convert to submesh.
submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3,
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
VertexCount = vertices.Count,
VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(graphicsDevice, TerrainLayerVertex.VertexDeclaration, vertices.Count, BufferUsage.WriteOnly),
IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(graphicsDevice, IndexElementSize.ThirtyTwoBits, indices.Count, BufferUsage.WriteOnly)
};
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
}
public static Submesh CreateUVSphere(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
// The number of slices (horizontal cuts, not including the poles).
int numberOfSlices = numberOfSegments / 2 - 1;
// The number of rings (horizontal bands of triangles).
int numberOfRings = numberOfSegments / 2;
int numberOfVertices = numberOfSegments * numberOfSlices + 2;
var vertices = new VertexPositionNormal[numberOfVertices];
// Create rings.
float angle = ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
// Next free index in vertices.
int i = 0;
// Top vertex.
vertices[i++] = new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, 1, 0), new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
// Compute vertices for rings from top to bottom and from the x-axis in
// clockwise direction (when viewed from top).
for (int slice = 0; slice < numberOfSlices; slice++)
{
float upAngle = angle * (slice + 1);
float y = (float)Math.Cos(upAngle);
float ringRadius = (float)Math.Sin(upAngle);
for (int segment = 0; segment < numberOfSegments; segment++)
{
float x = ringRadius * (float)Math.Cos(angle * segment);
float z = ringRadius * (float)Math.Sin(angle * segment);
vertices[i++] = new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, y, z), new Vector3(x, y, z));
}
}
// Bottom vertex.
vertices[i++] = new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, -1, 0), new Vector3(0, -1, 0));
Debug.Assert(i == numberOfVertices);
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// Build array of indices.
int numberOfTriangles = numberOfSegments * 2 // Triangles in top and bottom cap.
+ numberOfSegments * 2 * (numberOfRings - 2);
int numberOfIndices = 3 * numberOfTriangles;
var indices = new ushort[numberOfIndices];
i = 0;
// Indices for top cap.
for (int segment = 0; segment < numberOfSegments; segment++)
{
indices[i++] = 0;
indices[i++] = (ushort)(segment + 1);
if (segment + 1 < numberOfSegments)
indices[i++] = (ushort)(segment + 2);
else
indices[i++] = 1; // Wrap around to first vertex of the first ring.
}
// Indices for rings between the caps.
for (int ring = 1; ring < numberOfRings - 1; ring++)
{
for (int segment = 0; segment < numberOfSegments; segment++)
{
// Each segment has 2 triangles.
if (segment + 1 < numberOfSegments)
{
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments + segment);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments + segment + 1);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments + segment + 1);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment + 1);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment);
}
else
{
// Handle wrap around.
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments + segment);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + ring * numberOfSegments);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments);
indices[i++] = (ushort)(1 + (ring - 1) * numberOfSegments + segment);
}
}
}
// Index of first vertex on last slice.
int baseIndex = numberOfVertices - numberOfSegments - 1;
// Indices for bottom cap.
for (int segment = 0; segment < numberOfSegments; segment++)
{
indices[i++] = (ushort)(numberOfVertices - 1);
if (segment + 1 < numberOfSegments)
indices[i++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + segment + 1);
else
indices[i++] = (ushort)baseIndex; // Wrap around to first vertex.
indices[i++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + segment);
}
Debug.Assert(i == numberOfIndices);
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 3;
return submesh;
}
public static Submesh CreateCone(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var vertices = new List <VertexPositionNormal>();
// Base
Vector3 normal = -Vector3.UnitY;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, 0, 0), normal));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, 0, z), normal));
}
// Side
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, 1, 0), new Vector3(0, 1, 0)));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
const float cos45 = 0.707106781f; // cos(45°)
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, 0, z), new Vector3(x * cos45, cos45, z * cos45)));
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new List <ushort>();
// Base
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 2));
}
// Last base triangle.
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add((ushort)numberOfSegments);
indices.Add(1);
// Side triangle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i + 3));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i + 2));
}
// Last side triangle.
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments + 1));
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3;
return(submesh);
}
public static Submesh CreateTorus(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, float radius, float thickness, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var vertices = new List <VertexPositionNormal>();
var indices = new List <ushort>();
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float outerAngle = i * MathHelper.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
// Create a transformation that will align geometry to slice perpendicularly
// though the current ring position.
Matrix transform = Matrix.CreateTranslation(radius, 0, 0) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(outerAngle);
// Now loop along the other axis, around the side of the tube.
for (int j = 0; j < numberOfSegments; j++)
{
float innerAngle = j * MathHelper.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float dx = (float)Math.Cos(innerAngle);
float dy = (float)Math.Sin(innerAngle);
// Create a vertex.
Vector3 normal = new Vector3(dx, dy, 0);
Vector3 position = normal * thickness / 2.0f;
position = Vector3.Transform(position, transform);
normal = Vector3.TransformNormal(normal, transform);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(position, normal));
// And create indices for two triangles.
int nextI = (i + 1) % numberOfSegments;
int nextJ = (j + 1) % numberOfSegments;
indices.Add((ushort)(i * numberOfSegments + j));
indices.Add((ushort)(i * numberOfSegments + nextJ));
indices.Add((ushort)(nextI * numberOfSegments + j));
indices.Add((ushort)(i * numberOfSegments + nextJ));
indices.Add((ushort)(nextI * numberOfSegments + nextJ));
indices.Add((ushort)(nextI * numberOfSegments + j));
}
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3;
return(submesh);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
#region Properties & Events
//--------------------------------------------------------------
#endregion
//--------------------------------------------------------------
#region Creation & Cleanup
//--------------------------------------------------------------
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="FogSphereRenderer"/> class.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="graphicsService">The graphics service.</param>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">
/// <paramref name="graphicsService"/> is <see langword="null"/>.
/// </exception>
public FogSphereRenderer(IGraphicsService graphicsService)
{
if (graphicsService == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsService");
// Load effect.
_effect = graphicsService.Content.Load<Effect>("FogSphere");
_parameterViewportSize = _effect.Parameters["ViewportSize"];
_parameterWorld = _effect.Parameters["World"];
_parameterWorldInverse = _effect.Parameters["WorldInverse"];
_parameterView = _effect.Parameters["View"];
_parameterProjection = _effect.Parameters["Projection"];
_parameterCameraPosition = _effect.Parameters["CameraPosition"];
_parameterCameraFar = _effect.Parameters["CameraFar"];
_parameterGBuffer0 = _effect.Parameters["GBuffer0"];
_parameterColor = _effect.Parameters["Color"];
_parameterBlendMode = _effect.Parameters["BlendMode"];
_parameterDensity = _effect.Parameters["Density"];
_parameterFalloff = _effect.Parameters["Falloff"];
_parameterIntersectionSoftness = _effect.Parameters["IntersectionSoftness"];
// Get a sphere mesh.
_submesh = MeshHelper.CreateIcosphere(graphicsService.GraphicsDevice, 2);
}
public static Submesh CreateBox(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var vertices = new List <VertexPositionNormal>();
var indices = new List <ushort>();
var p0 = new Vector3(-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f);
var p1 = new Vector3(-0.5f, -0.5f, +0.5f);
var p2 = new Vector3(-0.5f, +0.5f, -0.5f);
var p3 = new Vector3(-0.5f, +0.5f, +0.5f);
var p4 = new Vector3(+0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f);
var p5 = new Vector3(+0.5f, -0.5f, +0.5f);
var p6 = new Vector3(+0.5f, +0.5f, -0.5f);
var p7 = new Vector3(+0.5f, +0.5f, +0.5f);
var normal = Vector3.UnitX;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p4, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p5, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p6, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p7, normal));
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add(1);
indices.Add(2);
indices.Add(1);
indices.Add(3);
indices.Add(2);
normal = Vector3.UnitY;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p6, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p7, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p2, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p3, normal));
indices.Add(4);
indices.Add(5);
indices.Add(6);
indices.Add(5);
indices.Add(7);
indices.Add(6);
normal = Vector3.UnitZ;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p5, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p1, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p7, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p3, normal));
indices.Add(8);
indices.Add(9);
indices.Add(10);
indices.Add(9);
indices.Add(11);
indices.Add(10);
normal = -Vector3.UnitX;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p1, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p0, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p3, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p2, normal));
indices.Add(12);
indices.Add(13);
indices.Add(14);
indices.Add(13);
indices.Add(15);
indices.Add(14);
normal = -Vector3.UnitY;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p4, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p0, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p5, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p1, normal));
indices.Add(16);
indices.Add(17);
indices.Add(18);
indices.Add(17);
indices.Add(19);
indices.Add(18);
normal = -Vector3.UnitZ;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p0, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p4, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p2, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p6, normal));
indices.Add(20);
indices.Add(21);
indices.Add(22);
indices.Add(21);
indices.Add(23);
indices.Add(22);
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3;
return(submesh);
}
public static Submesh CreateCone(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var vertices = new List<VertexPositionNormal>();
// Base
Vector3 normal = -Vector3.UnitY;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, 0, 0), normal));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, 0, z), normal));
}
// Side
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(0, 1, 0), new Vector3(0, 1, 0)));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
const float cos45 = 0.707106781f; // cos(45°)
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, 0, z), new Vector3(x * cos45, cos45, z * cos45)));
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new List<ushort>();
// Base
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 2));
}
// Last base triangle.
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add((ushort)numberOfSegments);
indices.Add(1);
// Side triangle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i + 3));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i + 2));
}
// Last side triangle.
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments + 1));
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3;
return submesh;
}
internal static Submesh CreateGrid(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, float widthX, float widthY, int numberOfCellsX, int numberOfCellsY)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (widthX <= 0)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("widthX", "The number of cells must be greater than 0.");
if (widthY <= 0)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("widthY", "The number of cells must be greater than 0.");
if (numberOfCellsX < 1)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfCellsX", "The number of cells must be greater than 0.");
if (numberOfCellsY < 1)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfCellsY", "The number of cells must be greater than 0.");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
int numberOfVertices = (numberOfCellsX + 1) * (numberOfCellsY + 1);
var vertices = new VertexPositionNormalTexture[numberOfVertices];
int index = 0;
for (int y = 0; y <= numberOfCellsY; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x <= numberOfCellsX; x++)
{
vertices[index++] = new VertexPositionNormalTexture(
new Vector3(x * widthX / numberOfCellsX, y * widthY / numberOfCellsY, 0),
new Vector3(0, 0, 1),
new Vector2(x / (float)numberOfCellsX, y / (float)numberOfCellsY));
}
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormalTexture.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// Build array of indices.
int numberOfTriangles = numberOfCellsX * numberOfCellsY * 2;
int numberOfIndices = 3 * numberOfTriangles;
if (numberOfIndices < ushort.MaxValue)
{
var indices = new ushort[numberOfIndices];
index = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < numberOfCellsY; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < numberOfCellsX; x++)
{
int baseIndex = y * (numberOfCellsX + 1) + x;
indices[index++] = (ushort)baseIndex;
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 2);
}
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 3;
}
else
{
var indices = new int[numberOfIndices];
index = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < numberOfCellsY; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < numberOfCellsX; x++)
{
int baseIndex = y * (numberOfCellsX + 1) + x;
indices[index++] = baseIndex;
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 1);
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 1);
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 2);
}
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.ThirtyTwoBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 3;
}
return submesh;
}
public static Submesh CreateHemisphereLines(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.LineList,
};
// Create vertices for a circle on the floor.
var vertices = new List<Vector3F>();
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
vertices.Add(new Vector3F((float)Math.Cos(angle), 0, -(float)Math.Sin(angle)));
}
// Top vertex of the sphere.
var topVertexIndex = vertices.Count;
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(0, 1, 0));
// 4 quarter arcs. Each arc starts at the base circle and ends at the top vertex. We already
// have the first and last vertex.
// Arc from +x to top.
int firstArcIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
float angle = (i + 1) * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
vertices.Add(new Vector3F((float)Math.Cos(angle), (float)Math.Sin(angle), 0));
}
// Arc from -z to top. (Copy from first arc.)
int secondArcIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
Vector3F p = vertices[firstArcIndex + i];
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(0, p.Y, -p.X));
}
// Arc from -x to top. (Copy from first arc.)
int thirdArcIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
Vector3F p = vertices[firstArcIndex + i];
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(-p.X, p.Y, 0));
}
// Arc from +z to top. (Copy from first arc.)
int fourthArcIndex = vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
Vector3F p = vertices[firstArcIndex + i];
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(0, p.Y, p.X));
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPosition.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new List<ushort>();
// Create indices for base circle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)i); // Line start (= same as previous line end)
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 1)); // Line end
}
// Correct last index to be 0 to close circle.
indices[(ushort)(2 * numberOfSegments - 1)] = 0;
// Indices for first arc.
indices.Add(0); // Line start
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(firstArcIndex + i)); // Line end
indices.Add((ushort)(firstArcIndex + i)); // Line start (= same as previous line end)
}
indices.Add((ushort)topVertexIndex); // Line end
// Next arcs
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments / 4));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(secondArcIndex + i));
indices.Add((ushort)(secondArcIndex + i));
}
indices.Add((ushort)topVertexIndex);
indices.Add((ushort)(2 * numberOfSegments / 4));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(thirdArcIndex + i));
indices.Add((ushort)(thirdArcIndex + i));
}
indices.Add((ushort)topVertexIndex);
indices.Add((ushort)(3 * numberOfSegments / 4));
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments / 4 - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(fourthArcIndex + i));
indices.Add((ushort)(fourthArcIndex + i));
}
indices.Add((ushort)topVertexIndex);
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 2;
return submesh;
}
internal static Submesh CreateSpherePatch(
GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice,
float originRadius, float sphereRadius,
int numberOfDivisions)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfDivisions < 1 ||numberOfDivisions > 255)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfDivisions", "numberOfDivisions must be in the range [0, 255].");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
int numberOfVertices = (numberOfDivisions + 1) * (numberOfDivisions + 1);
var vertices = new VertexPositionNormalTexture[numberOfVertices];
float groundPlaneSize = 2 * (float)Math.Sqrt(sphereRadius * sphereRadius - originRadius * originRadius);
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= numberOfDivisions; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j <= numberOfDivisions; j++)
{
float x = -groundPlaneSize / 2 + groundPlaneSize / numberOfDivisions * j;
float z = -groundPlaneSize / 2 + groundPlaneSize / numberOfDivisions * i;
//float groundDist2 = x * x + z * z;
var direction = new Vector3(x, originRadius, z);
direction.Normalize();
var p = direction * sphereRadius - new Vector3(0, originRadius, 0);
var t = new Vector2(
j / (float)numberOfDivisions,
i / (float)numberOfDivisions);
vertices[index++] = new VertexPositionNormalTexture(p, new Vector3(0, -1, 0), t);
}
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormalTexture.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// Build array of indices.
int numberOfTriangles = numberOfDivisions * numberOfDivisions * 2;
int numberOfIndices = 3 * numberOfTriangles;
var indices = new ushort[numberOfIndices];
index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfDivisions; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < numberOfDivisions; j++)
{
int baseIndex = i * (numberOfDivisions + 1) + j;
indices[index++] = (ushort)baseIndex;
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfDivisions + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfDivisions + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfDivisions + 2);
}
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 3;
return submesh;
}
public static Submesh CreateBox(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
var vertices = new List<VertexPositionNormal>();
var indices = new List<ushort>();
var p0 = new Vector3(-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f);
var p1 = new Vector3(-0.5f, -0.5f, +0.5f);
var p2 = new Vector3(-0.5f, +0.5f, -0.5f);
var p3 = new Vector3(-0.5f, +0.5f, +0.5f);
var p4 = new Vector3(+0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f);
var p5 = new Vector3(+0.5f, -0.5f, +0.5f);
var p6 = new Vector3(+0.5f, +0.5f, -0.5f);
var p7 = new Vector3(+0.5f, +0.5f, +0.5f);
var normal = Vector3.UnitX;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p4, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p5, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p6, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p7, normal));
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add(1);
indices.Add(2);
indices.Add(1);
indices.Add(3);
indices.Add(2);
normal = Vector3.UnitY;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p6, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p7, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p2, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p3, normal));
indices.Add(4);
indices.Add(5);
indices.Add(6);
indices.Add(5);
indices.Add(7);
indices.Add(6);
normal = Vector3.UnitZ;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p5, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p1, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p7, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p3, normal));
indices.Add(8);
indices.Add(9);
indices.Add(10);
indices.Add(9);
indices.Add(11);
indices.Add(10);
normal = -Vector3.UnitX;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p1, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p0, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p3, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p2, normal));
indices.Add(12);
indices.Add(13);
indices.Add(14);
indices.Add(13);
indices.Add(15);
indices.Add(14);
normal = -Vector3.UnitY;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p4, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p0, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p5, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p1, normal));
indices.Add(16);
indices.Add(17);
indices.Add(18);
indices.Add(17);
indices.Add(19);
indices.Add(18);
normal = -Vector3.UnitZ;
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p0, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p4, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p2, normal));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(p6, normal));
indices.Add(20);
indices.Add(21);
indices.Add(22);
indices.Add(21);
indices.Add(23);
indices.Add(22);
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3;
return submesh;
}
internal static Submesh CreateSpherePatch(
GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice,
float originRadius, float sphereRadius,
int numberOfDivisions)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfDivisions < 1 || numberOfDivisions > 255)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfDivisions", "numberOfDivisions must be in the range [0, 255].");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
int numberOfVertices = (numberOfDivisions + 1) * (numberOfDivisions + 1);
var vertices = new VertexPositionNormalTexture[numberOfVertices];
float groundPlaneSize = 2 * (float)Math.Sqrt(sphereRadius * sphereRadius - originRadius * originRadius);
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= numberOfDivisions; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j <= numberOfDivisions; j++)
{
float x = -groundPlaneSize / 2 + groundPlaneSize / numberOfDivisions * j;
float z = -groundPlaneSize / 2 + groundPlaneSize / numberOfDivisions * i;
//float groundDist2 = x * x + z * z;
var direction = new Vector3(x, originRadius, z);
direction.Normalize();
var p = direction * sphereRadius - new Vector3(0, originRadius, 0);
var t = new Vector2(
j / (float)numberOfDivisions,
i / (float)numberOfDivisions);
vertices[index++] = new VertexPositionNormalTexture(p, new Vector3(0, -1, 0), t);
}
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormalTexture.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// Build array of indices.
int numberOfTriangles = numberOfDivisions * numberOfDivisions * 2;
int numberOfIndices = 3 * numberOfTriangles;
var indices = new ushort[numberOfIndices];
index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfDivisions; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < numberOfDivisions; j++)
{
int baseIndex = i * (numberOfDivisions + 1) + j;
indices[index++] = (ushort)baseIndex;
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfDivisions + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfDivisions + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfDivisions + 2);
}
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 3;
return(submesh);
}
private static void MergeSubmeshes(List <MergeJob> mergeJobs, Mesh mergedMesh,
List <VertexDeclaration> vertexDeclarations,
List <int> totalVertexCounts, int totalIndexCount)
{
var graphicsDevice = mergeJobs[0].Submesh.VertexBuffer.GraphicsDevice;
VertexBuffer vertexBuffer = null;
IndexBuffer indexBuffer = null;
if (totalIndexCount > ushort.MaxValue)
{
indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(graphicsDevice, IndexElementSize.ThirtyTwoBits, totalIndexCount, BufferUsage.None);
}
else if (totalIndexCount > 0)
{
indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(graphicsDevice, IndexElementSize.SixteenBits, totalIndexCount, BufferUsage.None);
}
Submesh submesh = null;
int vertexDeclarationIndex = -1;
int vertexCount = 0;
int indexCount = 0;
uint sortKey = 0;
for (int jobIndex = 0; jobIndex < mergeJobs.Count; jobIndex++)
{
var job = mergeJobs[jobIndex];
// As long as the sort key is equal we can merge into the current submesh.
if (submesh != null && job.SortKey != sortKey)
{
submesh = null;
}
// We have to begin a new vertex buffer if the vertex declaration has changed.
if (job.VertexDeclarationIndex != vertexDeclarationIndex)
{
vertexBuffer = null;
}
if (vertexBuffer == null)
{
vertexDeclarationIndex = job.VertexDeclarationIndex;
vertexCount = 0;
vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
vertexDeclarations[vertexDeclarationIndex],
totalVertexCounts[vertexDeclarationIndex],
BufferUsage.None);
}
if (submesh == null)
{
sortKey = job.SortKey;
submesh = new Submesh
{
VertexBuffer = vertexBuffer,
StartVertex = vertexCount,
StartIndex = indexCount,
PrimitiveType = job.Submesh.PrimitiveType,
MaterialIndex = job.MergedMaterialIndex,
IndexBuffer = (job.Submesh.IndexBuffer != null) ? indexBuffer : null,
};
mergedMesh.Submeshes.Add(submesh);
}
// ----- Merge indices
if (job.Submesh.IndexBuffer != null)
{
Debug.Assert(indexBuffer != null);
int submeshIndexCount = GetNumberOfIndices(job.Submesh.PrimitiveType, job.Submesh.PrimitiveCount);
if (job.Submesh.IndexBuffer.IndexElementSize == IndexElementSize.SixteenBits)
{
ushort[] indices16 = new ushort[submeshIndexCount];
job.Submesh.IndexBuffer.GetData(job.Submesh.StartIndex * 2, indices16, 0, submeshIndexCount);
if (indexBuffer.IndexElementSize == IndexElementSize.SixteenBits)
{
for (int i = 0; i < indices16.Length; i++)
{
indices16[i] = (ushort)(indices16[i] + submesh.VertexCount);
}
indexBuffer.SetData(indexCount * 2, indices16, 0, indices16.Length);
}
else
{
uint[] indices32 = new uint[submeshIndexCount];
for (int i = 0; i < indices16.Length; i++)
{
indices32[i] = (uint)(indices16[i] + submesh.VertexCount);
}
indexBuffer.SetData(indexCount * 4, indices32, 0, indices32.Length);
}
}
else
{
uint[] indices32 = new uint[submeshIndexCount];
job.Submesh.IndexBuffer.GetData(job.Submesh.StartIndex * 4, indices32, 0, submeshIndexCount);
if (indexBuffer.IndexElementSize == IndexElementSize.SixteenBits)
{
ushort[] indices16 = new ushort[submeshIndexCount];
for (int i = 0; i < indices32.Length; i++)
{
indices16[i] = (ushort)(indices32[i] + submesh.VertexCount);
}
indexBuffer.SetData(indexCount * 2, indices16, 0, indices16.Length);
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < indices32.Length; i++)
{
indices32[i] = (uint)(indices32[i] + submesh.VertexCount);
}
indexBuffer.SetData(indexCount * 4, indices32, 0, indices32.Length);
}
}
indexCount += submeshIndexCount;
}
// ----- Merge vertices
var vertexDeclaration = vertexBuffer.VertexDeclaration;
int vertexStride = vertexDeclaration.VertexStride;
// Get the whole vertex buffer as byte array.
byte[] buffer = new byte[job.Submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount * vertexStride];
job.Submesh.VertexBuffer.GetData(buffer);
// Transform position and normals.
TransformVertices(buffer, job.Submesh.StartVertex, job.Submesh.VertexCount, vertexDeclaration, job.Scale, job.Pose);
vertexBuffer.SetData(
vertexCount * vertexStride,
buffer,
job.Submesh.StartVertex * vertexStride,
job.Submesh.VertexCount * vertexStride,
1);
submesh.VertexCount += job.Submesh.VertexCount;
vertexCount += job.Submesh.VertexCount;
submesh.PrimitiveCount += job.Submesh.PrimitiveCount;
}
}
public static Submesh CreateConeLines(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.LineList,
};
var vertices = new List <Vector3F>();
// Base
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(x, 0, z));
}
// Tip
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(0, 1, 0));
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPosition.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new List <ushort>();
// Base circle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)i); // Line start (= same as previous line end)
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 1)); // Line end
}
// Last line of base circle.
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments - 1));
indices.Add(0);
// Side represented by 4 lines.
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(i * numberOfSegments / 4));
indices.Add((ushort)numberOfSegments);
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 2;
return(submesh);
}
public static Submesh CreateCylinderLines(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.LineList,
};
var vertices = new List<Vector3F>();
// Top circle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
vertices.Add(new Vector3F((float)Math.Cos(angle), 1, -(float)Math.Sin(angle)));
}
// Bottom circle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
Vector3F p = vertices[i];
vertices.Add(new Vector3F(p.X, -1, p.Z));
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPosition.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new List<ushort>();
// Top circle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)i); // Line start (= same as previous line end)
indices.Add((ushort)(i + 1)); // Line end
}
// Last line of top circle.
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments - 1));
indices.Add(0);
// Bottom circle.
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i)); // Line start (= same as previous line end)
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i + 1)); // Line end
}
// Last line of bottom circle.
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments - 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments));
// Side (represented by 4 lines).
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(i * numberOfSegments / 4));
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + i * numberOfSegments / 4));
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 2;
return submesh;
}
private static OutlineItem CreateOutlineItem(Submesh submesh)
{
var item = new OutlineItem
{
Text = "Submesh",
Icon = MultiColorGlyphs.Mesh,
ToolTip = ToolTipSceneNode,
UserData = submesh,
};
return item;
}
public static Mesh CreateMesh(IGraphicsService graphicsService, Texture2D texture)
{
if (graphicsService == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsService");
if (texture == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("texture");
List<Vector3> positions = new List<Vector3>();
List<ushort> indices = new List<ushort>();
// Create two rings of vertices around the top and bottom of the cylinder.
for (int i = 0; i < CylinderSegments; i++)
{
float angle = ConstantsF.TwoPi * i / CylinderSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle) * CylinderSize;
float z = (float)Math.Sin(angle) * CylinderSize;
positions.Add(new Vector3(x, CylinderSize * 5 / 12, z));
positions.Add(new Vector3(x, -CylinderSize * 5 / 12, z));
}
// Create two center vertices, used for closing the top and bottom.
positions.Add(new Vector3(0, CylinderSize, 0));
positions.Add(new Vector3(0, -CylinderSize, 0));
// Create the individual triangles that make up our skydome.
List<VertexPositionTexture> vertices = new List<VertexPositionTexture>();
ushort index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < CylinderSegments; i++)
{
int j = (i + 1) % CylinderSegments;
// Calculate texture coordinates for this segment of the cylinder.
float u1 = (float)i / (float)CylinderSegments;
float u2 = (float)(i + 1) / (float)CylinderSegments;
// Two triangles form a quad, one side segment of the cylinder.
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[i * 2], new Vector2(u1, TexCoordTop)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[j * 2], new Vector2(u2, TexCoordTop)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[i * 2 + 1], new Vector2(u1, TexCoordBottom)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[j * 2], new Vector2(u2, TexCoordTop)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[j * 2 + 1], new Vector2(u2, TexCoordBottom)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[i * 2 + 1], new Vector2(u1, TexCoordBottom)));
indices.Add(index++);
// Triangle fanning inward to fill the top above this segment.
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[CylinderSegments * 2], new Vector2(u1, 0)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[j * 2], new Vector2(u2, TexCoordTop)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[i * 2], new Vector2(u1, TexCoordTop)));
indices.Add(index++);
// Triangle fanning inward to fill the bottom below this segment.
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[CylinderSegments * 2 + 1], new Vector2(u1, 1)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[i * 2 + 1], new Vector2(u1, TexCoordBottom)));
indices.Add(index++);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionTexture(positions[j * 2 + 1], new Vector2(u2, TexCoordBottom)));
indices.Add(index++);
}
// Create the vertex buffer.
VertexBuffer vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsService.GraphicsDevice,
VertexPositionTexture.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count, BufferUsage.
None);
vertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
// Create the index buffer.
IndexBuffer indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsService.GraphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
indexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
// Create a submesh, which is a set of primitives which can be rendered in
// one draw call.
Submesh submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3,
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
StartIndex = 0,
StartVertex = 0,
VertexCount = vertices.Count,
VertexBuffer = vertexBuffer,
IndexBuffer = indexBuffer,
};
// Create a mesh (which is collection of submeshes and materials).
Mesh mesh = new Mesh
{
Name = "Sky",
BoundingShape = new CylinderShape(CylinderSize, 2 * CylinderSize),
};
mesh.Submeshes.Add(submesh);
// Create a BasicEffectBinding which wraps the XNA BasicEffect.
// An EffectBinding connects an effect with effect parameter values ("effect
// parameter binding"). Some of these parameter values are defined here. Others,
// like World matrices, light parameters, etc. are automatically updated by
// the graphics engine in each frame.
BasicEffectBinding effectBinding = new BasicEffectBinding(graphicsService, null)
{
LightingEnabled = false,
TextureEnabled = true,
VertexColorEnabled = false
};
effectBinding.Set("Texture", texture);
effectBinding.Set("SpecularColor", new Vector3(0, 0, 0));
// Create a material, which is a collection of effect bindings - one effect
// binding for each "render pass". The sky mesh should be rendered in the
// "Sky" render pass. This render pass name is an arbitrary string that is
// used in SampleGraphicsScreen.cs.
Material material = new Material();
material.Add("Sky", effectBinding);
// Assign the material to the submesh.
submesh.SetMaterial(material);
return mesh;
}
public static Submesh CreateBoxLines(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.LineList,
};
var vertices = new[]
{
new Vector3F(-0.5f, -0.5f, +0.5f),
new Vector3F(+0.5f, -0.5f, +0.5f),
new Vector3F(+0.5f, +0.5f, +0.5f),
new Vector3F(-0.5f, +0.5f, +0.5f),
new Vector3F(-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f),
new Vector3F(+0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f),
new Vector3F(+0.5f, +0.5f, -0.5f),
new Vector3F(-0.5f, +0.5f, -0.5f)
};
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPosition.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
var indices = new ushort[]
{
0, 1,
1, 2,
2, 3,
3, 0,
4, 5,
5, 6,
6, 7,
7, 4,
0, 4,
1, 5,
2, 6,
3, 7
};
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 2;
return(submesh);
}
internal static Submesh CreateGrid(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, float widthX, float widthY, int numberOfCellsX, int numberOfCellsY)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
}
if (widthX <= 0)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("widthX", "The number of cells must be greater than 0.");
}
if (widthY <= 0)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("widthY", "The number of cells must be greater than 0.");
}
if (numberOfCellsX < 1)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfCellsX", "The number of cells must be greater than 0.");
}
if (numberOfCellsY < 1)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfCellsY", "The number of cells must be greater than 0.");
}
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
int numberOfVertices = (numberOfCellsX + 1) * (numberOfCellsY + 1);
var vertices = new VertexPositionNormalTexture[numberOfVertices];
int index = 0;
for (int y = 0; y <= numberOfCellsY; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x <= numberOfCellsX; x++)
{
vertices[index++] = new VertexPositionNormalTexture(
new Vector3(x * widthX / numberOfCellsX, y * widthY / numberOfCellsY, 0),
new Vector3(0, 0, 1),
new Vector2(x / (float)numberOfCellsX, y / (float)numberOfCellsY));
}
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormalTexture.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices);
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// Build array of indices.
int numberOfTriangles = numberOfCellsX * numberOfCellsY * 2;
int numberOfIndices = 3 * numberOfTriangles;
if (numberOfIndices < ushort.MaxValue)
{
var indices = new ushort[numberOfIndices];
index = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < numberOfCellsY; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < numberOfCellsX; x++)
{
int baseIndex = y * (numberOfCellsX + 1) + x;
indices[index++] = (ushort)baseIndex;
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 1);
indices[index++] = (ushort)(baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 2);
}
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 3;
}
else
{
var indices = new int[numberOfIndices];
index = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < numberOfCellsY; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < numberOfCellsX; x++)
{
int baseIndex = y * (numberOfCellsX + 1) + x;
indices[index++] = baseIndex;
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 1);
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + 1);
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 1);
indices[index++] = (baseIndex + numberOfCellsX + 2);
}
}
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.ThirtyTwoBits,
indices.Length,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices);
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Length / 3;
}
return(submesh);
}
public static Submesh CreateUncappedCylinder(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, int numberOfSegments)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (numberOfSegments < 3)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("numberOfSegments", "numberOfSegments must be greater than 2");
var submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
};
// ----- Vertices
var vertices = new List<VertexPositionNormal>();
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments; i++)
{
float angle = i * ConstantsF.TwoPi / numberOfSegments;
float x = (float)Math.Cos(angle);
float z = -(float)Math.Sin(angle);
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, 1, z), new Vector3(x, 0, z)));
vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(new Vector3(x, -1, z), new Vector3(x, 0, z)));
}
submesh.VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration,
vertices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.VertexCount = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexCount;
// ----- Indices
var indices = new List<ushort>();
for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSegments - 1; i++)
{
indices.Add((ushort)(2 * i));
indices.Add((ushort)(2 * i + 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(2 * i + 1));
indices.Add((ushort)(2 * i + 2));
indices.Add((ushort)(2 * i + 3));
indices.Add((ushort)(2 * i + 1));
}
// Indices of last 2 triangle.
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments - 2));
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments - 1));
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add(1);
indices.Add((ushort)(numberOfSegments + numberOfSegments - 1));
submesh.IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(
graphicsDevice,
IndexElementSize.SixteenBits,
indices.Count,
BufferUsage.None);
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
submesh.PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3;
return submesh;
}
public static void ToTriangleMesh(this Submesh submesh, TriangleMesh triangleMesh)
{
// This method is similar to TriangleMesh.FromModel().
if (submesh == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("submesh");
}
if (triangleMesh == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("triangleMesh");
}
if (submesh.PrimitiveType != PrimitiveType.TriangleList)
{
throw new NotSupportedException("All submeshes must be triangle lists. ToTriangleMesh() does not support other primitive types.");
}
if (submesh.VertexBuffer == null)
{
return;
}
if (triangleMesh.Vertices == null)
{
triangleMesh.Vertices = new List <Vector3F>(submesh.VertexCount);
}
if (triangleMesh.Indices == null)
{
triangleMesh.Indices = new List <int>(submesh.PrimitiveCount * 3);
}
// Get vertex element info.
var vertexDeclaration = submesh.VertexBuffer.VertexDeclaration;
var vertexElements = vertexDeclaration.GetVertexElements();
// Get the vertex positions.
var positionElement = vertexElements.First(e => e.VertexElementUsage == VertexElementUsage.Position);
if (positionElement.VertexElementFormat != VertexElementFormat.Vector3)
{
throw new NotSupportedException("For vertex positions only VertexElementFormat.Vector3 is supported.");
}
Vector3[] positions = new Vector3[submesh.VertexCount];
submesh.VertexBuffer.GetData(
submesh.StartVertex * vertexDeclaration.VertexStride + positionElement.Offset,
positions,
0,
submesh.VertexCount,
vertexDeclaration.VertexStride);
if (submesh.IndexBuffer != null)
{
// Remember the number of vertices already in the mesh.
int vertexCount = triangleMesh.Vertices.Count;
// Add the vertices of the current modelMeshPart.
foreach (Vector3 p in positions)
{
triangleMesh.Vertices.Add((Vector3F)p);
}
// Get indices.
int indexElementSize = (submesh.IndexBuffer.IndexElementSize == IndexElementSize.SixteenBits) ? 2 : 4;
if (indexElementSize == 2)
{
ushort[] indices = new ushort[submesh.PrimitiveCount * 3];
submesh.IndexBuffer.GetData(
submesh.StartIndex * 2,
indices,
0,
submesh.PrimitiveCount * 3);
// Add indices to triangle mesh.
for (int i = 0; i < submesh.PrimitiveCount; i++)
{
// The three indices of the next triangle.
// We add 'vertexCount' because the triangleMesh already contains other mesh parts.
int i0 = indices[i * 3 + 0] + vertexCount;
int i1 = indices[i * 3 + 1] + vertexCount;
int i2 = indices[i * 3 + 2] + vertexCount;
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i0);
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i2); // DigitalRune Geometry uses other winding order!
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i1);
}
}
else
{
Debug.Assert(indexElementSize == 4);
int[] indices = new int[submesh.PrimitiveCount * 3];
submesh.IndexBuffer.GetData(
submesh.StartIndex * 4,
indices,
0,
submesh.PrimitiveCount * 3);
// Add indices to triangle mesh.
for (int i = 0; i < submesh.PrimitiveCount; i++)
{
// The three indices of the next triangle.
// We add 'vertexCount' because the triangleMesh already contains other mesh parts.
int i0 = indices[i * 3 + 0] + vertexCount;
int i1 = indices[i * 3 + 1] + vertexCount;
int i2 = indices[i * 3 + 2] + vertexCount;
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i0);
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i2); // DigitalRune Geometry uses other winding order!
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i1);
}
}
}
else
{
// No index buffer:
int vertexCount = triangleMesh.Vertices.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < submesh.VertexCount; i += 3)
{
triangleMesh.Vertices.Add((Vector3F)positions[i]);
triangleMesh.Vertices.Add((Vector3F)positions[i + 1]);
triangleMesh.Vertices.Add((Vector3F)positions[i + 2]);
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i + vertexCount);
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i + 2 + vertexCount); // DigitalRune Geometry uses other winding order!
triangleMesh.Indices.Add(i + 1 + vertexCount);
}
}
}
public static void SetMaterial(this Submesh submesh, Material material)
{
if (submesh == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("submesh");
}
var mesh = submesh.Mesh;
if (mesh == null)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot add material to submesh. Submesh needs to be added to Mesh first.");
}
if (material == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("material");
}
var oldMaterial = GetMaterial(submesh);
if (oldMaterial == material)
{
return;
}
// Find out if the old or new material is used by other submeshes which belong
// to the same mesh.
bool oldMaterialStillInUse = false;
bool newMaterialAlreadyInUse = false;
foreach (var otherSubmesh in mesh.Submeshes)
{
if (otherSubmesh != submesh)
{
Material otherMaterial = GetMaterial(otherSubmesh);
if (otherMaterial == oldMaterial)
{
oldMaterialStillInUse = true;
}
else if (otherMaterial == material)
{
newMaterialAlreadyInUse = true;
}
}
}
// Remove old material from parent mesh material collection if it is not used by
// any submesh.
int oldIndex = submesh.MaterialIndex;
if (!oldMaterialStillInUse && oldMaterial != null)
{
mesh.Materials.RemoveAt(oldIndex);
// One material was removed --> Update indices of meshes.
foreach (var otherSubmesh in mesh.Submeshes)
{
if (otherSubmesh.MaterialIndex > oldIndex)
{
otherSubmesh.MaterialIndex--;
}
}
}
// Add new material to parent mesh material collection if this is the first submesh
// that uses this material.
if (newMaterialAlreadyInUse)
{
// Get index of the new material.
submesh.MaterialIndex = mesh.Materials.IndexOf(material);
}
else
{
// Add new material to the mesh at the end of the material collection.
mesh.Materials.Add(material);
submesh.MaterialIndex = mesh.Materials.Count - 1;
}
}
public static void CreateMesh(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, Path3F path, float defaultWidth,
int maxNumberOfIterations, float tolerance,
out Submesh submesh, out Aabb aabb, out float roadLength)
{
if (graphicsDevice == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("graphicsDevice");
if (path == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("path");
// Compute list of line segments. (2 points per line segment!)
var flattenedPoints = new List<Vector3F>();
path.Flatten(flattenedPoints, maxNumberOfIterations, tolerance);
// Abort if path is empty.
int numberOfLineSegments = flattenedPoints.Count / 2;
if (numberOfLineSegments <= 0)
{
submesh = null;
aabb = new Aabb();
roadLength = 0;
return;
}
// Compute accumulated lengths. (One entry for each entry in flattenedPoints.)
float[] accumulatedLengths = new float[flattenedPoints.Count];
accumulatedLengths[0] = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < flattenedPoints.Count; i += 2)
{
Vector3F previous = flattenedPoints[i - 1];
Vector3F current = flattenedPoints[i];
float length = (current - previous).Length;
accumulatedLengths[i] = accumulatedLengths[i - 1] + length;
if (i + 1 < flattenedPoints.Count)
accumulatedLengths[i + 1] = accumulatedLengths[i];
}
// Total road length.
roadLength = accumulatedLengths[accumulatedLengths.Length - 1];
// Create a mapping between accumulatedLength and the path key widths.
// (accumulatedLength --> TerrainRoadPathKey.Width)
var widthKeys = new List<Pair<float, float>>();
{
int index = 0;
foreach (var key in path)
{
Vector3F position = key.Point;
var roadKey = key as TerrainRoadPathKey;
float width = (roadKey != null) ? roadKey.Width : defaultWidth;
for (; index < flattenedPoints.Count; index++)
{
if (Vector3F.AreNumericallyEqual(position, flattenedPoints[index]))
{
widthKeys.Add(new Pair<float, float>(accumulatedLengths[index], width));
break;
}
bool isLastLineSegment = (index + 2 == flattenedPoints.Count);
if (!isLastLineSegment)
index++;
}
index++;
}
}
// Create a list of interpolated road widths. (One entry for each entry in flattenedPoints.)
var widths = new float[flattenedPoints.Count];
int previousKeyIndex = 0;
var previousKey = widthKeys[0];
var nextKey = widthKeys[1];
widths[0] = widthKeys[0].Second;
for (int i = 1; i < flattenedPoints.Count; i += 2)
{
if (accumulatedLengths[i] > nextKey.First)
{
previousKey = nextKey;
previousKeyIndex++;
nextKey = widthKeys[previousKeyIndex + 1];
}
float p = (accumulatedLengths[i] - previousKey.First) / (nextKey.First - previousKey.First);
widths[i] = InterpolationHelper.Lerp(previousKey.Second, nextKey.Second, p);
if (i + 1 < flattenedPoints.Count)
widths[i + 1] = widths[i];
}
// Compute vertices and indices.
var vertices = new List<TerrainLayerVertex>(numberOfLineSegments * 2 + 2);
var indices = new List<int>(numberOfLineSegments * 6); // Two triangles per line segment.
Vector3F lastOrthonormal = Vector3F.UnitX;
aabb = new Aabb(flattenedPoints[0], flattenedPoints[0]);
bool isClosed = Vector3F.AreNumericallyEqual(flattenedPoints[0], flattenedPoints[flattenedPoints.Count - 1]);
for (int i = 0; i < flattenedPoints.Count; i++)
{
Vector3F start = flattenedPoints[i];
Vector3F previous;
bool isFirstPoint = (i == 0);
if (!isFirstPoint)
previous = flattenedPoints[i - 1];
else if (isClosed && path.SmoothEnds)
previous = flattenedPoints[flattenedPoints.Count - 2];
else
previous = start;
Vector3F next;
bool isLastPoint = (i + 1 == flattenedPoints.Count);
if (!isLastPoint)
next = flattenedPoints[i + 1];
else if (isClosed && path.SmoothEnds)
next = flattenedPoints[1];
else
next = start;
Vector3F tangent = next - previous;
Vector3F orthonormal = new Vector3F(tangent.Z, 0, -tangent.X);
if (!orthonormal.TryNormalize())
orthonormal = lastOrthonormal;
// Add indices to add two triangles between the current and the next vertices.
if (!isLastPoint)
{
int baseIndex = vertices.Count;
// 2 3
// x----x
// |\ | ^
// | \ | | road
// | \ | | direction
// | \| |
// x----x
// 0 1
indices.Add(baseIndex);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 1);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 2);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 1);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 3);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 2);
}
// Add two vertices.
Vector3F leftVertex = start - orthonormal * (widths[i] / 2);
Vector3F rightVertex = start + orthonormal * (widths[i] / 2);
vertices.Add(new TerrainLayerVertex(new Vector2(leftVertex.X, leftVertex.Z), new Vector2(0, accumulatedLengths[i])));
vertices.Add(new TerrainLayerVertex(new Vector2(rightVertex.X, rightVertex.Z), new Vector2(1, accumulatedLengths[i])));
// Grow AABB
aabb.Grow(leftVertex);
aabb.Grow(rightVertex);
lastOrthonormal = orthonormal;
// The flattened points list contains 2 points per line segment, which means that there
// are duplicate intermediate points, which we skip.
bool isLastLineSegment = (i + 2 == flattenedPoints.Count);
if (!isLastLineSegment)
i++;
}
Debug.Assert(vertices.Count == (numberOfLineSegments * 2 + 2));
Debug.Assert(indices.Count == (numberOfLineSegments * 6));
// The road is projected onto the terrain, therefore the computed y limits are not correct.
// (unless the terrain was clamped to the road).
aabb.Minimum.Y = 0;
aabb.Maximum.Y = 0;
// Convert to submesh.
submesh = new Submesh
{
PrimitiveCount = indices.Count / 3,
PrimitiveType = PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
VertexCount = vertices.Count,
VertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(graphicsDevice, TerrainLayerVertex.VertexDeclaration, vertices.Count, BufferUsage.WriteOnly),
IndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(graphicsDevice, IndexElementSize.ThirtyTwoBits, indices.Count, BufferUsage.WriteOnly)
};
submesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray());
submesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray());
}
