public void Can_estimate_with_destroy_refund_and_below_intrinsic()
{
byte[] initByteCode = Prepare.EvmCode.ForInitOf(Prepare.EvmCode.PushData(Address.Zero).Op(Instruction.SELFDESTRUCT).Done).Done;
Address contractAddress = ContractAddress.From(TestItem.PrivateKeyA.Address, 0);
byte[] byteCode = Prepare.EvmCode
.Call(contractAddress, 46179)
.Op(Instruction.STOP).Done;
long gasLimit = 100000;
Transaction initTx = Build.A.Transaction.SignedAndResolved(_ethereumEcdsa, TestItem.PrivateKeyA, _isEip155Enabled).WithInit(initByteCode).WithGasLimit(gasLimit).TestObject;
Transaction tx = Build.A.Transaction.SignedAndResolved(_ethereumEcdsa, TestItem.PrivateKeyA, _isEip155Enabled).WithInit(byteCode).WithGasLimit(gasLimit).WithNonce(1).TestObject;
Block block = Build.A.Block.WithNumber(MainnetSpecProvider.MuirGlacierBlockNumber).WithTransactions(tx).WithGasLimit(2 * gasLimit).TestObject;
IntrinsicGasCalculator gasCalculator = new IntrinsicGasCalculator();
long intrinsic = gasCalculator.Calculate(tx, MuirGlacier.Instance);
_transactionProcessor.Execute(initTx, block.Header, NullTxTracer.Instance);
EstimateGasTracer tracer = new EstimateGasTracer();
GethLikeTxTracer gethTracer = new GethLikeTxTracer(GethTraceOptions.Default);
_transactionProcessor.CallAndRestore(tx, block.Header, tracer);
_transactionProcessor.CallAndRestore(tx, block.Header, gethTracer);
TestContext.WriteLine(new EthereumJsonSerializer().Serialize(gethTracer.BuildResult(), true));
long actualIntrinsic = tx.GasLimit - tracer.IntrinsicGasAt;
actualIntrinsic.Should().Be(intrinsic);
tracer.CalculateAdditionalGasRequired(tx).Should().Be(24080);
tracer.GasSpent.Should().Be(35228L);
long estimate = tracer.CalculateEstimate(tx);
estimate.Should().Be(59308);
ConfirmEnoughEstimate(tx, block, estimate);
}
public void Can_estimate_with_single_call()
{
byte[] initByteCode = Prepare.EvmCode
.ForInitOf(Bytes.FromHexString("6000")).Done;
Address contractAddress = ContractAddress.From(TestItem.PrivateKeyA.Address, 0);
byte[] byteCode = Prepare.EvmCode
.Call(contractAddress, 46179).Done;
long gasLimit = 100000;
Transaction initTx = Build.A.Transaction.SignedAndResolved(_ethereumEcdsa, TestItem.PrivateKeyA, _isEip155Enabled).WithInit(initByteCode).WithGasLimit(gasLimit).TestObject;
Transaction tx = Build.A.Transaction.SignedAndResolved(_ethereumEcdsa, TestItem.PrivateKeyA, _isEip155Enabled).WithInit(byteCode).WithGasLimit(gasLimit).WithNonce(1).TestObject;
Block block = Build.A.Block.WithNumber(MainnetSpecProvider.MuirGlacierBlockNumber).WithTransactions(tx).WithGasLimit(2 * gasLimit).TestObject;
IntrinsicGasCalculator gasCalculator = new IntrinsicGasCalculator();
long intrinsic = gasCalculator.Calculate(tx, MuirGlacier.Instance);
_transactionProcessor.Execute(initTx, block.Header, NullTxTracer.Instance);
EstimateGasTracer tracer = new EstimateGasTracer();
_transactionProcessor.CallAndRestore(tx, block.Header, tracer);
long actualIntrinsic = tx.GasLimit - tracer.IntrinsicGasAt;
actualIntrinsic.Should().Be(intrinsic);
tracer.CalculateAdditionalGasRequired(tx).Should().Be(1);
tracer.GasSpent.Should().Be(54224L);
long estimate = tracer.CalculateEstimate(tx);
estimate.Should().Be(54225L);
ConfirmEnoughEstimate(tx, block, estimate);
}
private void Execute(Transaction transaction, BlockHeader block, ITxTracer txTracer,
ExecutionOptions executionOptions)
{
bool eip658NotEnabled = !_specProvider.GetSpec(block.Number).IsEip658Enabled;
// restore is CallAndRestore - previous call, we will restore state after the execution
bool restore = (executionOptions & ExecutionOptions.Restore) == ExecutionOptions.Restore;
bool noValidation = (executionOptions & ExecutionOptions.NoValidation) == ExecutionOptions.NoValidation;
// commit - is for standard execute, we will commit thee state after execution
bool commit = (executionOptions & ExecutionOptions.Commit) == ExecutionOptions.Commit || eip658NotEnabled;
//!commit - is for build up during block production, we won't commit state after each transaction to support rollbacks
//we commit only after all block is constructed
bool notSystemTransaction = !transaction.IsSystem();
bool deleteCallerAccount = false;
IReleaseSpec spec = _specProvider.GetSpec(block.Number);
if (!notSystemTransaction)
{
spec = new SystemTransactionReleaseSpec(spec);
}
UInt256 value = transaction.Value;
if (!transaction.TryCalculatePremiumPerGas(block.BaseFeePerGas, out UInt256 premiumPerGas) && !noValidation)
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, "MINER_PREMIUM_IS_NEGATIVE");
QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, eip658NotEnabled, "miner premium is negative");
return;
}
UInt256 effectiveGasPrice =
transaction.CalculateEffectiveGasPrice(spec.IsEip1559Enabled, block.BaseFeePerGas);
long gasLimit = transaction.GasLimit;
byte[] machineCode = transaction.IsContractCreation ? transaction.Data : null;
byte[] data = transaction.IsMessageCall ? transaction.Data : Array.Empty <byte>();
Address?caller = transaction.SenderAddress;
if (_logger.IsTrace)
{
_logger.Trace($"Executing tx {transaction.Hash}");
}
if (caller is null)
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, "SENDER_NOT_SPECIFIED");
QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, eip658NotEnabled, "sender not specified");
return;
}
if (!noValidation && _stateProvider.IsInvalidContractSender(spec, caller))
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, "SENDER_IS_CONTRACT");
QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, eip658NotEnabled, "sender has deployed code");
return;
}
long intrinsicGas = IntrinsicGasCalculator.Calculate(transaction, spec);
if (_logger.IsTrace)
{
_logger.Trace($"Intrinsic gas calculated for {transaction.Hash}: " + intrinsicGas);
}
if (notSystemTransaction)
{
if (gasLimit < intrinsicGas)
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"GAS_LIMIT_BELOW_INTRINSIC_GAS {gasLimit} < {intrinsicGas}");
QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, eip658NotEnabled, "gas limit below intrinsic gas");
return;
}
if (!noValidation && gasLimit > block.GasLimit - block.GasUsed)
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction,
$"BLOCK_GAS_LIMIT_EXCEEDED {gasLimit} > {block.GasLimit} - {block.GasUsed}");
QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, eip658NotEnabled, "block gas limit exceeded");
return;
}
}
if (!_stateProvider.AccountExists(caller))
{
// hacky fix for the potential recovery issue
if (transaction.Signature != null)
{
transaction.SenderAddress = _ecdsa.RecoverAddress(transaction, !spec.ValidateChainId);
}
if (caller != transaction.SenderAddress)
{
if (_logger.IsWarn)
{
_logger.Warn(
$"TX recovery issue fixed - tx was coming with sender {caller} and the now it recovers to {transaction.SenderAddress}");
}
caller = transaction.SenderAddress;
}
else
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction, $"SENDER_ACCOUNT_DOES_NOT_EXIST {caller}");
if (!commit || noValidation || effectiveGasPrice == UInt256.Zero)
{
deleteCallerAccount = !commit || restore;
_stateProvider.CreateAccount(caller, UInt256.Zero);
}
}
if (caller is null)
{
throw new InvalidDataException(
$"Failed to recover sender address on tx {transaction.Hash} when previously recovered sender account did not exist.");
}
}
UInt256 senderReservedGasPayment = noValidation ? UInt256.Zero : (ulong)gasLimit * effectiveGasPrice;
if (notSystemTransaction)
{
UInt256 senderBalance = _stateProvider.GetBalance(caller);
if (!noValidation && ((ulong)intrinsicGas * effectiveGasPrice + value > senderBalance ||
senderReservedGasPayment + value > senderBalance))
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction,
$"INSUFFICIENT_SENDER_BALANCE: ({caller})_BALANCE = {senderBalance}");
QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, eip658NotEnabled, "insufficient sender balance");
return;
}
if (!noValidation && spec.IsEip1559Enabled && !transaction.IsFree() &&
senderBalance < (UInt256)transaction.GasLimit * transaction.MaxFeePerGas + value)
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction,
$"INSUFFICIENT_MAX_FEE_PER_GAS_FOR_SENDER_BALANCE: ({caller})_BALANCE = {senderBalance}, MAX_FEE_PER_GAS: {transaction.MaxFeePerGas}");
QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, eip658NotEnabled,
"insufficient MaxFeePerGas for sender balance");
return;
}
if (transaction.Nonce != _stateProvider.GetNonce(caller))
{
TraceLogInvalidTx(transaction,
$"WRONG_TRANSACTION_NONCE: {transaction.Nonce} (expected {_stateProvider.GetNonce(caller)})");
QuickFail(transaction, block, txTracer, eip658NotEnabled, "wrong transaction nonce");
return;
}
_stateProvider.IncrementNonce(caller);
}
_stateProvider.SubtractFromBalance(caller, senderReservedGasPayment, spec);
if (commit)
{
_stateProvider.Commit(spec, txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : NullTxTracer.Instance);
}
long unspentGas = gasLimit - intrinsicGas;
long spentGas = gasLimit;
Snapshot snapshot = _worldState.TakeSnapshot();
_stateProvider.SubtractFromBalance(caller, value, spec);
byte statusCode = StatusCode.Failure;
TransactionSubstate substate = null;
Address?recipientOrNull = null;
try
{
Address?recipient =
transaction.GetRecipient(transaction.IsContractCreation ? _stateProvider.GetNonce(caller) : 0);
if (transaction.IsContractCreation)
{
// if transaction is a contract creation then recipient address is the contract deployment address
Address contractAddress = recipient;
PrepareAccountForContractDeployment(contractAddress !, spec);
}
if (recipient == null)
{
// this transaction is not a contract creation so it should have the recipient known and not null
throw new InvalidDataException("Recipient has not been resolved properly before tx execution");
}
recipientOrNull = recipient;
ExecutionEnvironment env = new();
env.TxExecutionContext = new TxExecutionContext(block, caller, effectiveGasPrice);
env.Value = value;
env.TransferValue = value;
env.Caller = caller;
env.CodeSource = recipient;
env.ExecutingAccount = recipient;
env.InputData = data ?? Array.Empty <byte>();
env.CodeInfo = machineCode == null
? _virtualMachine.GetCachedCodeInfo(_worldState, recipient, spec)
: new CodeInfo(machineCode);
ExecutionType executionType =
transaction.IsContractCreation ? ExecutionType.Create : ExecutionType.Call;
using (EvmState state =
new(unspentGas, env, executionType, true, snapshot, false))
{
if (spec.UseTxAccessLists)
{
state.WarmUp(transaction.AccessList); // eip-2930
}
if (spec.UseHotAndColdStorage)
{
state.WarmUp(caller); // eip-2929
state.WarmUp(recipient); // eip-2929
}
substate = _virtualMachine.Run(state, _worldState, txTracer);
unspentGas = state.GasAvailable;
if (txTracer.IsTracingAccess)
{
txTracer.ReportAccess(state.AccessedAddresses, state.AccessedStorageCells);
}
}
if (substate.ShouldRevert || substate.IsError)
{
if (_logger.IsTrace)
{
_logger.Trace("Restoring state from before transaction");
}
_worldState.Restore(snapshot);
}
else
{
// tks: there is similar code fo contract creation from init and from CREATE
// this may lead to inconsistencies (however it is tested extensively in blockchain tests)
if (transaction.IsContractCreation)
{
long codeDepositGasCost = CodeDepositHandler.CalculateCost(substate.Output.Length, spec);
if (unspentGas < codeDepositGasCost && spec.ChargeForTopLevelCreate)
{
throw new OutOfGasException();
}
if (CodeDepositHandler.CodeIsInvalid(spec, substate.Output))
{
throw new InvalidCodeException();
}
if (unspentGas >= codeDepositGasCost)
{
Keccak codeHash = _stateProvider.UpdateCode(substate.Output);
_stateProvider.UpdateCodeHash(recipient, codeHash, spec);
unspentGas -= codeDepositGasCost;
}
}
foreach (Address toBeDestroyed in substate.DestroyList)
{
if (_logger.IsTrace)
{
_logger.Trace($"Destroying account {toBeDestroyed}");
}
_storageProvider.ClearStorage(toBeDestroyed);
_stateProvider.DeleteAccount(toBeDestroyed);
if (txTracer.IsTracingRefunds)
{
txTracer.ReportRefund(RefundOf.Destroy(spec.IsEip3529Enabled));
}
}
statusCode = StatusCode.Success;
}
spentGas = Refund(gasLimit, unspentGas, substate, caller, effectiveGasPrice, spec);
}
catch (Exception ex) when(
ex is EvmException || ex is OverflowException) // TODO: OverflowException? still needed? hope not
{
if (_logger.IsTrace)
{
_logger.Trace($"EVM EXCEPTION: {ex.GetType().Name}");
}
_worldState.Restore(snapshot);
}
if (_logger.IsTrace)
{
_logger.Trace("Gas spent: " + spentGas);
}
Address gasBeneficiary = block.GasBeneficiary;
bool gasBeneficiaryNotDestroyed = substate?.DestroyList.Contains(gasBeneficiary) != true;
if (statusCode == StatusCode.Failure || gasBeneficiaryNotDestroyed)
{
if (notSystemTransaction)
{
UInt256 fees = (ulong)spentGas * premiumPerGas;
if (_stateProvider.AccountExists(gasBeneficiary))
{
_stateProvider.AddToBalance(gasBeneficiary, fees, spec);
}
else
{
_stateProvider.CreateAccount(gasBeneficiary, fees);
}
if (!transaction.IsFree() && spec.IsEip1559Enabled && spec.Eip1559FeeCollector is not null)
{
UInt256 burntFees = (ulong)spentGas * block.BaseFeePerGas;
if (!burntFees.IsZero)
{
if (_stateProvider.AccountExists(spec.Eip1559FeeCollector))
{
_stateProvider.AddToBalance(spec.Eip1559FeeCollector, burntFees, spec);
}
else
{
_stateProvider.CreateAccount(spec.Eip1559FeeCollector, burntFees);
}
}
}
}
}
if (restore)
{
_storageProvider.Reset();
_stateProvider.Reset();
if (deleteCallerAccount)
{
_stateProvider.DeleteAccount(caller);
}
else
{
_stateProvider.AddToBalance(caller, senderReservedGasPayment, spec);
if (notSystemTransaction)
{
_stateProvider.DecrementNonce(caller);
}
_stateProvider.Commit(spec);
}
}
else if (commit)
{
_storageProvider.Commit(txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : NullStorageTracer.Instance);
_stateProvider.Commit(spec, txTracer.IsTracingState ? txTracer : NullStateTracer.Instance);
}
if (!noValidation && notSystemTransaction)
{
block.GasUsed += spentGas;
}
if (txTracer.IsTracingReceipt)
{
Keccak stateRoot = null;
if (eip658NotEnabled)
{
_stateProvider.RecalculateStateRoot();
stateRoot = _stateProvider.StateRoot;
}
if (statusCode == StatusCode.Failure)
{
txTracer.MarkAsFailed(recipientOrNull, spentGas,
(substate?.ShouldRevert ?? false) ? substate.Output.ToArray() : Array.Empty <byte>(),
substate?.Error, stateRoot);
}
else
{
txTracer.MarkAsSuccess(recipientOrNull, spentGas, substate.Output.ToArray(),
substate.Logs.Any() ? substate.Logs.ToArray() : Array.Empty <LogEntry>(), stateRoot);
}
}
}