private IAppUser AutoProvisionUser(string provider, string providerUserId, IEnumerable <Claim> claims)
        {
            var user = _users.AutoProvisionUser(provider, providerUserId, claims.ToList());

            return(user);
        }
        public async Task <IActionResult> ExternalLoginCallback()
        {
            // read external identity from the temporary cookie
            var result = await HttpContext.AuthenticateAsync(IdentityServer4.IdentityServerConstants.ExternalCookieAuthenticationScheme);

            if (result?.Succeeded != true)
            {
                throw new Exception("External authentication error");
            }

            // retrieve claims of the external user
            var externalUser = result.Principal;
            var claims       = externalUser.Claims.ToList();

            // try to determine the unique id of the external user (issued by the provider)
            // the most common claim type for that are the sub claim and the NameIdentifier
            // depending on the external provider, some other claim type might be used
            var userIdClaim = claims.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Type == JwtClaimTypes.Subject);

            if (userIdClaim == null)
            {
                userIdClaim = claims.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Type == ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier);
            }
            if (userIdClaim == null)
            {
                throw new Exception("Unknown userid");
            }

            // remove the user id claim from the claims collection and move to the userId property
            // also set the name of the external authentication provider
            claims.Remove(userIdClaim);
            var provider = result.Properties.Items["scheme"];
            var userId   = userIdClaim.Value;

            // this is where custom logic would most likely be needed to match your users from the
            // external provider's authentication result, and provision the user as you see fit.
            //
            // check if the external user is already provisioned
            //
            // (This is not necessary adding to your LDAP, in this case we keep it in memory or in Redis as a reference.
            // I don't think it's a good idea to update your own Ldap for this except maybe for some scenario.
            var user = _userStore.FindByExternalProvider(provider, userId);

            if (user == default(IAppUser))
            {
                // this sample simply auto-provisions new external user
                // another common approach is to start a registrations workflow first
                user = _userStore.AutoProvisionUser(provider, userId, claims);
            }

            var additionalClaims = new List <Claim>();

            // if the external system sent a session id claim, copy it over
            // so we can use it for single sign-out
            var sid = claims.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Type == JwtClaimTypes.SessionId);

            if (sid != null)
            {
                additionalClaims.Add(new Claim(JwtClaimTypes.SessionId, sid.Value));
            }

            // if the external provider issued an id_token, we'll keep it for signout
            AuthenticationProperties props = null;
            var id_token = result.Properties.GetTokenValue("id_token");

            if (id_token != null)
            {
                props = new AuthenticationProperties();
                props.StoreTokens(new[] { new AuthenticationToken {
                                              Name = "id_token", Value = id_token
                                          } });
            }

            // issue authentication cookie for user
            await _events.RaiseAsync(new UserLoginSuccessEvent(provider, userId, user.SubjectId, user.Username));

            await HttpContext.SignInAsync(user.SubjectId, user.Username, provider, props, additionalClaims.ToArray());

            // delete temporary cookie used during external authentication
            await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(IdentityServer4.IdentityServerConstants.ExternalCookieAuthenticationScheme);

            // validate return URL and redirect back to authorization endpoint or a local page
            var returnUrl = result.Properties.Items["returnUrl"];

            if (_interaction.IsValidReturnUrl(returnUrl) || Url.IsLocalUrl(returnUrl))
            {
                return(Redirect(returnUrl));
            }

            return(Redirect("~/"));
        }