private List <Node234> Split(Node234 node)
{
Debug.Assert(node.GetDegree() == 4 || node.GetDegree() == 0); // Node should have either 4 or 0 children(leaf)
var newChildren = new List <Node234>();
Node234 leftSubTree = new Node234(node.Values[0]);
newChildren.Add(leftSubTree);
Node234 rightSubTree = new Node234(node.Values[2]);
newChildren.Add(rightSubTree);
if (node.GetDegree() != 0) // must be 4-node
{
leftSubTree.AddChild(node.Children[0]);
leftSubTree.AddChild(node.Children[1]);
rightSubTree.AddChild(node.Children[2]);
rightSubTree.AddChild(node.Children[3]);
}
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Split newChildren: {0} & {1}", newChildren[0], newChildren[1]));
return(newChildren);
}
public void Insert(int value)
{
if (Root != null)
{
InsertInternal(value, Root);
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Post-global-insert tree: {0}", Preorder(Root)));
}
else
{
Root = new Node234(value);
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Insert Initial with {0}", value));
}
}
public void AppendLevelString(Node234 node, int level, StringBuilder sb)
{
if (level == 1)
{
sb.Append(node.ToPaddedString());
}
else if (level > 1)
{
foreach (Node234 child in node.Children)
{
AppendLevelString(child, level - 1, sb);
}
}
}
public void PromoteChildren(Node234 node)
{
Debug.Assert(node.Values.Count == 1);
Debug.Assert(node.Children[0].Values.Count == 1);
Debug.Assert(node.Children[1].Values.Count == 1);
foreach (Node234 child in node.Children)
{
node.AddValue(child.Values[0]); // grab children's only value
}
List <Node234> children = node.Children;
node.Children = null; // Abandon children nodes
foreach (Node234 child in children)
{
node.AddChildren(child.Children); // Adopt grandchildren
}
}
private void InsertInternal(int value, Node234 node)
{
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Insert Internal with {0}, {1}", value, node));
if (node.Values.Count == 3)
{
node.Children = Split(node);
node.Values.RemoveAt(2);
node.Values.RemoveAt(0);
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Post-split/demotion: {0}", Preorder(node)));
}
int childIndexToFollow = node.GetChildIndexToFollow(value);
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("childIndexToFollow = {0}", childIndexToFollow));
if (childIndexToFollow == -1) // node is leaf with space
{
node.AddValue(value);
}
else
{
Node234 childToFollow = node.Children[childIndexToFollow];
if (childToFollow.Values.Count == 3) // Child to follow is full -> must split
{
node.AddValue(childToFollow.Values[1]); // Promote middle value
var newChildren = Split(childToFollow);
node.Children.Remove(childToFollow);
node.AddChildren(newChildren);
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Post-split: {0}", node));
}
childIndexToFollow = node.GetChildIndexToFollow(value);
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("childIndexToFollow = {0}, {1}", childIndexToFollow, node.Children[childIndexToFollow]));
InsertInternal(value, node.Children[childIndexToFollow]);
}
////Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Post internal insert: {0}", node));
}
public void DemoteValue(Node234 node, int parentValueIndex, int childToFollowIndex, int siblingIndex)
{
Node234 childA = node.Children[childToFollowIndex];
Node234 childB = node.Children[siblingIndex];
Debug.Assert(childA.Values.Count == 1);
Debug.Assert(childB.Values.Count == 1);
Node234 mergedNode = new Node234(node.Values[parentValueIndex]);
mergedNode.AddValue(childA.Values[0]);
mergedNode.AddValue(childB.Values[0]);
node.Values.RemoveAt(parentValueIndex);
mergedNode.AddChildren(childA.Children);
mergedNode.AddChildren(childB.Children);
node.Children.Remove(childA);
node.Children.Remove(childB);
node.AddChild(mergedNode);
}
public string Preorder(Node234 node)
{
string output = "";
if (node.Children.Count > 0)
{
output += Preorder(node.Children[0]) + " ";
}
if (node.Values.Count > 0)
{
output += node.Values[0].ToString() + " ";
}
if (node.Children.Count > 1)
{
output += Preorder(node.Children[1]) + " ";
}
if (node.Values.Count > 1)
{
output += node.Values[1].ToString() + " ";
}
if (node.Children.Count > 2)
{
output += Preorder(node.Children[2]) + " ";
}
if (node.Values.Count > 2)
{
output += node.Values[2].ToString() + " ";
}
if (node.Children.Count > 3)
{
output += Preorder(node.Children[3]) + " ";
}
return("[ " + output + "]");
}
private void DeleteInternal(int target, Node234 node)
{
//Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("DeleteInternal {0}, {1}", target, node));
if (node.Values.Contains(target))
{
//Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Target {0} is in node {1}", target, node));
if (node.IsLeaf())
{
Debug.Assert(node.Values.Count != 1);
node.Values.Remove(target);
//Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Deleted at leaf {0}, {1} ", target, node));
return;
}
else
{
int predecessorIndex = node.GetChildPredecessorIndex(target);
Node234 predecessorNode = node.Children[predecessorIndex];
int predecessorValue = predecessorNode.Values[predecessorNode.Values.Count - 1]; // ??????
int successorIndex = node.GetChildSuccessorIndex(target);
Node234 successorNode = node.Children[successorIndex];
int successorValue = successorNode.Values[0]; //TODOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOo
if (predecessorNode.Values.Count > 1) // can steal from predecessor?
//Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("stealing from predecessor: {0}", predecessorNode));
{
node.Values[node.Values.IndexOf(target)] = predecessorValue;
DeleteInternal(predecessorValue, predecessorNode);
}
else if (successorNode.Values.Count > 1) // steal from successor?
//Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("stealing from successor: {0}", successorNode));
{
node.Values[node.Values.IndexOf(target)] = successorValue;
DeleteInternal(successorValue, successorNode);
}
else // cannot steal, demote/merge // TODO MAY BE WRONG, SEE DIGIPEN CASE 2.3
//Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("cannot steal, demote/merge {0} ", node));
// Build mergedNode, add values
{
Node234 mergedNode = new Node234(target);
mergedNode.AddValue(predecessorValue);
mergedNode.AddValue(successorValue);
// wire children
mergedNode.AddChildren(predecessorNode.Children);
mergedNode.AddChildren(successorNode.Children);
// clean up
node.Values.Remove(target);
node.Children.Remove(predecessorNode);
node.Children.Remove(successorNode);
node.AddChild(mergedNode);
DeleteInternal(target, mergedNode); // Recurse to delete target
}
}
}
else // still looking for node with value
//Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Node does not contain value"));
{
int childIndexToFollow = node.GetChildIndexToFollow(target);
Node234 childToFollow = node.Children[childIndexToFollow];
Node234 sibling;
int siblingValueIndex;
if (childToFollow.Values.Count == 1)
{
if (childIndexToFollow > 0 && node.Children[childIndexToFollow - 1].Values.Count >= 2) // Left immediate sibling exists and has at least 2 keys
// Clockwise rotation
//Debug.WriteLine("Clockwise rotation");
{
int pivotValueIndex = childIndexToFollow - 1;
childToFollow.AddValue(node.Values[pivotValueIndex]); // Rot value to child
sibling = node.Children[childIndexToFollow - 1];
siblingValueIndex = sibling.Values.Count - 1; // Index of left sibling's rightmost value
node.Values[pivotValueIndex] = sibling.Values[siblingValueIndex]; // Rot sibling value to node
sibling.Values.RemoveAt(siblingValueIndex); //
if (sibling.GetDegree() != 0)
{
childToFollow.AddChild(sibling.Children[siblingValueIndex + 1]); // Adopt child
sibling.Children.RemoveAt(siblingValueIndex + 1); //
}
}
else if (childIndexToFollow < node.GetDegree() - 1 && node.Children[childIndexToFollow + 1].Values.Count >= 2) // Right immediate sibling exists and has at least 2 keys
// Counter-clockwise rotation
//Debug.WriteLine("Counter-clockwise rotation");
{
int pivotValueIndex = childIndexToFollow;
childToFollow.AddValue(node.Values[pivotValueIndex]); // Rot value to child
sibling = node.Children[childIndexToFollow + 1];
siblingValueIndex = 0; // Index of right sibling's leftmost value
node.Values[pivotValueIndex] = sibling.Values[siblingValueIndex]; // Rot sibling value to node
sibling.Values.RemoveAt(siblingValueIndex); //
if (sibling.GetDegree() != 0)
{
childToFollow.AddChild(sibling.Children[siblingValueIndex]); // Adopt child
sibling.Children.RemoveAt(siblingValueIndex); //
}
}
else // merge case
//Debug.WriteLine("Merge case");
{
if (node == Root && node.GetDegree() == 2)
{
PromoteChildren(node);
//Debug.WriteLine(" promote children");
}
else
{
if (childIndexToFollow > 0 && node.Children[childIndexToFollow - 1].Values.Count == 1)
{
//Debug.WriteLine(" demote value and merge with left sibling");
DemoteValue(node, childIndexToFollow - 1, childIndexToFollow, childIndexToFollow - 1); // demote value and merge with left sibling
}
else if (childIndexToFollow < node.Children.Count - 1 && node.Children[childIndexToFollow + 1].Values.Count == 1)
{
//Debug.WriteLine(" demote value and merge with right sibling");
DemoteValue(node, childIndexToFollow, childIndexToFollow, childIndexToFollow + 1); // demote value and merge with right sibling
}
else
{
throw new Exception("Oh shit");
}
}
}
}
childIndexToFollow = node.GetChildIndexToFollow(target);
DeleteInternal(target, node.Children[childIndexToFollow]);
}
//Debug.WriteLine(String.Format("Deleted {0}. => {1}", target, this));
}
public void AddChild(Node234 child)
{
Debug.Assert(Children.Count <= Values.Count);
Children.Add(child);
Children = Children.OrderBy(c => c.Values[0]).ToList(); // not space efficient, but code-size efficient ;)
}