/// <summary>
/// Sample from the provided discrete probability distribution.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dist">The discrete distribution to sample from.</param>
/// <param name="rng">Random number generator.</param>
public static int Sample(DiscreteDistribution dist, XorShiftRandom rng)
{
// Throw the ball and return an integer indicating the outcome.
double sample = rng.NextDouble();
double acc = 0.0;
for(int i=0; i<dist.Probabilities.Length; i++)
{
acc += dist.Probabilities[i];
if(sample < acc) {
return dist.Labels[i];
}
}
// We might get here through floating point arithmetic rounding issues.
// e.g. accumulator == throwValue.
// Find a nearby non-zero probability to select.
// Wrap around to start of array.
for(int i=0; i<dist.Probabilities.Length; i++)
{
if(0.0 != dist.Probabilities[i]) {
return dist.Labels[i];
}
}
// If we get here then we have an array of zero probabilities.
throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid operation. No non-zero probabilities to select.");
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructs an activation function library with the provided list of activation functions.
/// </summary>
public DefaultActivationFunctionLibrary(IList<ActivationFunctionInfo> fnList)
{
// Build a RouletteWheelLayout based on the selection probability on each item.
int count = fnList.Count;
double[] probabilities = new double[count];
for(int i=0; i<count; i++) {
probabilities[i] = fnList[i].SelectionProbability;
}
_rwl = new DiscreteDistribution(probabilities);
_functionList = fnList;
// Build a dictionary of functions keyed on integer ID.
_functionDict = CreateFunctionDictionary(_functionList);
}
/// <summary>
/// Copy constructor.
/// </summary>
public DiscreteDistribution(DiscreteDistribution copyFrom)
{
_probArr = (double[])copyFrom._probArr.Clone();
_labelArr = (int[])copyFrom._labelArr.Clone();
}
/// <summary>
/// Construct with default set of parameters.
/// </summary>
public NeatGenomeParameters()
{
_activationFn = SteepenedSigmoid.__DefaultInstance;
_connectionWeightRange = DefaultConnectionWeightRange;
_initialInterconnectionsProportion = DefaultInitialInterconnectionsProportion;
_disjointExcessGenesRecombineProbability = DefaultDisjointExcessGenesRecombineProbability;
_connectionWeightMutationProbability = DefaultConnectionWeightMutationProbability;
_addNodeMutationProbability = DefaultAddNodeMutationProbability;
_addConnectionMutationProbability = DefaultAddConnectionMutationProbability;
_nodeAuxStateMutationProbability = DefaultNodeAuxStateMutationProbability;
_deleteConnectionMutationProbability = DefaultDeleteConnectionMutationProbability;
_rouletteWheelLayout = CreateRouletteWheelLayout();
_rouletteWheelLayoutNonDestructive = CreateRouletteWheelLayout_NonDestructive();
// Create a connection weight mutation scheme.
_connectionMutationInfoList = CreateConnectionWeightMutationScheme_Default();
// No fitness history.
_fitnessHistoryLength = 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// Copy constructor.
/// </summary>
public NeatGenomeParameters(NeatGenomeParameters copyFrom)
{
_feedforwardOnly = copyFrom._feedforwardOnly;
_activationFn = copyFrom._activationFn;
_connectionWeightRange = copyFrom._connectionWeightRange;
_initialInterconnectionsProportion = copyFrom._initialInterconnectionsProportion;
_disjointExcessGenesRecombineProbability = copyFrom._disjointExcessGenesRecombineProbability;
_connectionWeightMutationProbability = copyFrom._connectionWeightMutationProbability;
_addNodeMutationProbability = copyFrom._addNodeMutationProbability;
_addConnectionMutationProbability = copyFrom._addConnectionMutationProbability;
_nodeAuxStateMutationProbability = copyFrom._nodeAuxStateMutationProbability;
_deleteConnectionMutationProbability = copyFrom._deleteConnectionMutationProbability;
_rouletteWheelLayout = new DiscreteDistribution(copyFrom._rouletteWheelLayout);
_rouletteWheelLayoutNonDestructive = new DiscreteDistribution(copyFrom._rouletteWheelLayoutNonDestructive);
_connectionMutationInfoList = new ConnectionMutationInfoList(copyFrom._connectionMutationInfoList);
_connectionMutationInfoList.Initialize();
_fitnessHistoryLength = copyFrom._fitnessHistoryLength;
}
/// <summary>
/// Move the prey. The prey moves by a simple set of stochastic rules that make it more likely to move away from
/// the agent, and more so when it is close.
/// </summary>
public void MovePrey()
{
// Determine if prey will move in this timestep. (Speed is simulated stochastically)
if(_rng.NextDouble() > _preySpeed) {
return;
}
// Determine position of agent relative to prey.
PolarPoint relPolarPos = PolarPoint.FromCartesian(_agentPos - _preyPos);
// Calculate probabilities of moving in each of the four directions. This stochastic strategy is taken from:
// Incremental Evolution Of Complex General Behavior, Faustino Gomez and Risto Miikkulainen (1997)
// (http://nn.cs.utexas.edu/downloads/papers/gomez.adaptive-behavior.pdf)
// Essentially the prey moves randomly but we bias the movements so the prey moves away from the agent, and thus
// generally avoids getting eaten through stupidity.
double T = MovePrey_T(relPolarPos.Radial);
double[] probs = new double[4];
probs[0] = Math.Exp((CalcAngleDelta(relPolarPos.Theta, Math.PI/2.0) / Math.PI) * T * 0.33); // North.
probs[1] = Math.Exp((CalcAngleDelta(relPolarPos.Theta, 0) / Math.PI) * T * 0.33); // East.
probs[2] = Math.Exp((CalcAngleDelta(relPolarPos.Theta, Math.PI * 1.5) / Math.PI) * T * 0.33); // South.
probs[3] = Math.Exp((CalcAngleDelta(relPolarPos.Theta, Math.PI) / Math.PI) * T * 0.33); // West.
DiscreteDistribution rwl = new DiscreteDistribution(probs);
int action = DiscreteDistributionUtils.Sample(rwl, _rng);
switch(action)
{
case 0: // Move north.
_preyPos._y = Math.Min(_preyPos._y + 1, _gridSize - 1);
break;
case 1: // Move east.
_preyPos._x = Math.Min(_preyPos._x + 1, _gridSize - 1);
break;
case 2: // Move south.
_preyPos._y = Math.Max(_preyPos._y - 1, 0);
break;
case 3: // Move west (is the best?)
_preyPos._x = Math.Max(_preyPos._x - 1, 0);
break;
}
}